2020 2nd International Multidisciplinary Information Technology and Engineering Conference (IMITEC)最新文献

{"title":"Application of Bellman's Equation in Ant-Like Robotic Device Path Decisions","authors":"B. Mukorera, C. Chibaya","doi":"10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334099","url":null,"abstract":"Swarm Intelligence is about emergency of collective intelligence from groups of homogeneous robotic devices deployed for a purpose. Ant Colony Systems, in particular, are inspiring. They commonly have drawn inspiration from the behaviors of real ants in nature in order to construct routes between the food sources and the nest. There are still gaps in alternative options for path decision in ant agents. Bellman's equation has been successfully used to solve path decision problems in machine learning. We proposed to investigate impact of a Bellman's equation inspired algorithm for path decision on stigmergic ant agent robotic devices. A design science research paradigm was used to design our research experiment in which a simulated environment was designed to simulate the behavior of ant agents when using a Bellman's equation inspired algorithm for path decision. We introduced a reward function to the orientation process of ant agents. Reward function rewards a decision made when an ant moves from one point to an adjacent cell. The Bellman's inspired algorithm for ant orientation led to convergence of ant agents even though there was reduced quality of convergence. Evaluation of results show that Bellman's equation can be used in path decision processes for ant agent robotic devices. Our results contributed to adding an alternative way of implementing path decision for ant agents. This will help in growing the knowledge around ant agents and finding better ways to implementing path decisions for ant agents.","PeriodicalId":349926,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd International Multidisciplinary Information Technology and Engineering Conference (IMITEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122867439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model for knowledge base development in ICT domain","authors":"Nthabiseng Modiba, F. Matsebula","doi":"10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334078","url":null,"abstract":"For many organizations success and failure depends on the knowledge that they possess. The quality of the knowledge plays a major role next to it is the ability to apply the knowledge correctly. How knowledge is acquired also informs the knowledge quality as well. In the Information and Communication Technology domain it is crucial to get the right knowledge especially because of the rapid evolution of the domain, so it is important to get the right knowledge at the first take. This paper aims to develop a model that will aid in the ICT knowledge acquisition and to help ensure that the knowledge is of the required quality. We adopted a model for knowledge acquisition and used it as a base to develop our ICT knowledge acquisition.","PeriodicalId":349926,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd International Multidisciplinary Information Technology and Engineering Conference (IMITEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121762900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smart Locker System Acceptance for Rural Last-Mile Delivery","authors":"Tapiwa Gundu","doi":"10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334107","url":null,"abstract":"This study is a typical Information and Communications Technologies for Development (ICT4D) initiative that aims to bridge digital divides i.e. the gap between technological ‘haves' and ‘have nots' based on geographic locations. This study proposes the use of smart locker systems that are opened by pin codes, mobile applications, mobile USSDs, or RFID tags. These lockers will be placed at secure centres in rural areas e.g. hospitals or police stations and be used for the collection of parcels. Currently, most rural areas are under-serviced by logistics service providers as they do not have good roads and address systems. Anchoring on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), this paper analyses attributes that affect a customer's intention to accept and use smart locker systems as a last-mile delivery method. The study has 56 voluntary participants from Gqala village (Eastern Cape, South Africa) who were divided into focus groups for interviews to be conducted. The data collected was coded and themes were identified, of the themes identified the strongest six are presented in this paper as propositions. These results highlighted some critical determinants of technology acceptance and use that are not reflected in the UTAUT. This study then also presents a modification of the UTAUT which the enhanced unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (EUTAUT) is coined from. The research work presented in this paper is transdisciplinary, hence, enriches the literature on information and communication technology (ICT), logistics, retail, e-commerce as well as psychology (human behaviour towards new technology)","PeriodicalId":349926,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd International Multidisciplinary Information Technology and Engineering Conference (IMITEC)","volume":"15 1-2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114048452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water Quality Monitoring with Notifications System","authors":"Delight Sekhwela, P. Owolawi, T. Mapayi, K. Odeyemi","doi":"10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334095","url":null,"abstract":"Water is an essential natural resource that is fundamental to both human and animal health and more than 88% of South African households have access to water. Although South Africa has one of the cleanest water systems globally but there are still many factors causing water pollution. Industries produce a lot of waste that can affect the water PH, sometimes the water reservoir is exposed to dust, the Agric sector causes soil erosion due to its physical soil irritation or not enough care is taken by the departmental authorities. Although there's effort in urban areas by municipalities to purify and monitor the water used for consumption, the existing mechanism used is not as automated and reliable, even worse in rural areas no proper care is taken or no genuine mechanisms put in place. In this paper, Water Quality with Notifications System is presented to better the lives of the people by providing an easy and simple mechanism to know the water quality stored in the reservoir. It holds different sensors for getting water quality parameters namely PH Sensor, Nitrate Sensor, Turbidity Sensor, Water Level Detection Sensor. The system gets water parameters from the sensors through Raspberry Pi. It is a portable system and no monitoring authority is required at the water source 24 hours a day. Also, it is a mobile and portable system that is connected to an android smart phone.","PeriodicalId":349926,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd International Multidisciplinary Information Technology and Engineering Conference (IMITEC)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114560558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance Evaluation of Inter Satellite Optical Wireless Communication Link at Multiple Optical Wavelengths Using Diverse Modulation Techniques","authors":"S. Adebusola, P. Owolawi, J. Ojo","doi":"10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334086","url":null,"abstract":"In this modern day optical wireless communication is the highly secured, convenient, fast and cost-effective communic ation system. Intersatellite optical wireless communication (ISO WC) is a unique modus operandi for the communication between satellites either they are in the same orbit or not using optical wireless communication as a medium. ISOWC as a system has some merits among are low power consumption, unlicensed Spectrum, huge bandwidth, high data rate, low-priced alternative to microwave satellite systems and immune to electromagnetic interference. In designing an efficient ISOWC link (ISOWCL), the choice of choosing an optical wavelength with an appropriate modulation formats that will enhance the performance the system become paramount. Previous studies have limited their work to two modulation formats and wavelengths. This cannot be used as a yard stick to for efficient design of an ISOWCL. In this research work, we evaluated the performance of ISOWCL considering multiple wavelength and diverse modulation formats. Bit error rate was used to evaluate the performance of the link. The result obtained showed that non-Return to zero performed better than all other modulation at all wavelengths while hyper secant had the worst performance. In all the wavelength considered, 1650 nm performed better than all other wavelength which is not mentioned in previous researches. The result will assist to develop an ISOWC link with good quality of service for inter-satellite.","PeriodicalId":349926,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd International Multidisciplinary Information Technology and Engineering Conference (IMITEC)","volume":"339 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122750369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Machine Learning Approach for Estimating Missing Data in Nonstationary Environments","authors":"Tinofirei Museba","doi":"10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334073","url":null,"abstract":"The assumption with most learning techniques and algorithms developed this far is that data is complete and will continuously be available or that data conforms to a stationary distribution. Real world applications are often streaming and their measurements are often sampled after an extended period of time thereby giving rise to the formation of a time series. Measurement devices assigned to measure nonstationary quantities are subject to failure. When a failure occurs, the process of approximating missing values becomes difficulty. The process of approximating missing values in such dynamic environments is further exacerbated by the chaotic and unpredictable nature of the evolving data. Typical examples include stock market, network intrusion detection systems and seismic waves. To estimate missing values with traditional statistical methods can lead to bias when applied to environments that evolve with time. This paper introduces an ensemble of regressors approach to approximate missing data in online nonstationary data. The approach learns new concepts incrementally and the current learnt concept is then used to approximate the missing values.","PeriodicalId":349926,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd International Multidisciplinary Information Technology and Engineering Conference (IMITEC)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129338442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Fog Computing Framework for Quality of Service Optimisation in the Internet of Things (IoT) Ecosystem","authors":"W. T. Vambe, K. Sibanda","doi":"10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334083","url":null,"abstract":"Fog computing plays a pivotal role in the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem because of its ability to support delay-sensitive tasks, bringing resources from cloud servers closer to the “ground” to support IoT devices that are resource-constrained. Although fog computing offers a lot of benefits such as quick response to requests, geo-distributed data processing and data processing in the proximity of the IoT devices, the exponential increase of IoT devices and large volumes of data being generated has led to a new set of challenges. One such challenge is the allocation of resources to IoT tasks to match their computational needs and QoS requirements whilst meeting task deadlines. Most proposed solutions in existing works suggest task offloading mechanisms where IoT devices would offload their tasks randomly to the fog layer. Of course, this helps in minimizing the communication delay, however, most tasks would end up missing their deadlines as many delays are experienced when fog node is deciding to process part of the task or offloading it to the next fog node. In this paper, we propose and introduce a Resource Allocation Scheduler (RAS) at the IoT-Fog gateway whose goal is to decide where and when a task is to be offloaded either to the fog layer or the cloud layer based on their priority needs, computational needs and QoS requirements and minimize round-trip time. The study followed the four phases of the top-down methodology. To test the efficiency and effectiveness of the RAS, a model was evaluated in a simulated smart home setup. The important metrics that were used are the queuing time, offloading time and throughput. The results showed that RAS helps in minimizing the round-trip time, increase throughput and improve QoS. Furthermore, the approach addressed the starvation problem, which was affecting low priority tasks. Most importantly, the results provide evidence that if resource allocation and assignment are done properly, round-trip time (queuing time and offloading time) can be reduced and QoS can be improved in fog computing.","PeriodicalId":349926,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd International Multidisciplinary Information Technology and Engineering Conference (IMITEC)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128824384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foresee Transition to Agricultural Season by Integrating Indigenous Knowledge, Satellite Imagery, Weather Data and ARIMA Family Models to Enable Good Crop Establishment by Small-Scale Farmers in Swayamani Region, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","authors":"J. Nyetanyane, M. Masinde","doi":"10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334092","url":null,"abstract":"Local farmers in Swayamani region relied heavily on rainfed agriculture and indigenous knowledge to perform cropping. These local farmers contribute towards food security and they are part of organic food producers here in South Africa since most of them relied only on natural resources to grow crops. However, many technological developments are not paying enough attention on them. They are not equipped with irrigation systems and agricultural machineries to help with cropping. Most of them are technological and educationally semi-literate and financially volatile. Because of rapid increase and unpredictability of climate, these local farmers are severely suffering. They are constantly experiencing poor crop yield because of season transition variations caused by climate change. Due to these variations, it becomes difficult for farmers to spot the onset of agricultural season to enable good establishment of crops. A transition to agricultural season can be foreseen by using indigenous knowledge indicators and observing the movement of temperature and vegetation cover. During the onset of the warm agricultural season, healthy vegetation cover increases as the temperature increases and vis-versa during the onset of the cold agricultural season. This is because many plants are vulnerable to cold temperature. In this paper we optimize local farmers' agricultural season transition predictions by integrating the indigenous knowledge with satellite imagery data, climate data and ARIMA family models.","PeriodicalId":349926,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd International Multidisciplinary Information Technology and Engineering Conference (IMITEC)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121920756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Employees' Cybersecurity Behaviour in the Mobile Context: The Role of Self-Efficacy and Psychological Ownership","authors":"S. Verkijika","doi":"10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334097","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile devices are widely known to be a cybersecurity risk for organisations. However, their use for work purposes is largely becoming a common practice as most organisations rather prefer to find security countermeasures than miss out on the momentous benefits they provide. Since the weakest link in cybersecurity is the human element, organisations are increasingly looking for ways to upskill their employees so that they can be able to implement the necessary security safeguards. Yet, a concerning trend is that even individuals with a high-security self-efficacy sometimes fail to take the needed security actions. To better understand why this occurs, the present study proposes and validates psychological ownership as a possible boundary condition for explaining the security self-efficacy to security behaviour nexus in the mobile security context. Using an online survey with 214 respondents, this study showed that both the direct and indirect effects of security self-efficacy on mobile device security behaviour were moderated by psychological ownership such that the effects were more pronounced when psychological ownership was high than when it was low. The paper culminates with a discussion of the implications for theory and practice.","PeriodicalId":349926,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd International Multidisciplinary Information Technology and Engineering Conference (IMITEC)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121233062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards A Data-Driven Innovation Business Model in Digital Government Services in Namibia: A Survey","authors":"Bernhard Nakale, Edmore Chikohora","doi":"10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMITEC50163.2020.9334105","url":null,"abstract":"Digital government services are supposed to efficiently and effectively deliver value services to citizens and businesses. Currently, the citizens in Namibia are not getting value propositions from the currently implemented e-government services as the services are not citizen-centric. In this setup, each Office, Ministry, and Agency (OMAs) has its own applications which are not linked to other Ministries, that is, they operate in silos. As a result, other related institutions cannot easily access and use of their peers' data to deliver service to the citizens. Therefore, a study on “Towards A Data-Driven Innovation Business Model in Digital Government Services: A case of Namibia” was carried out. The purpose of the study was to survey the challenges faced by OMAs in delivering citizen-centric services in digital government. The study used a sample size of 47 respondents to obtain data using a mixed-method approach; qualitative and quantitative methods. The data collected via a questionnaire was analyzed with a theoretical, thematic, descriptive and inferential statistical analysis within the IBM SPSS, while data collected through interviews were analyzed with thematic data analysis. The study focused on the IT departments/divisions within the following OMAs: Ministry of Home Affairs and Immigration (MHAI), Office of the Prime Minister (OPM), Office of the Auditor-General (OAG), and Ministry of Health and Social Services (MHSS), which are part of the ten identified services for the e-government transformation phase of 2014–2018. The output of this research is significant as it informs the design of Data-Driven business models or framework for implementation in digital governments.","PeriodicalId":349926,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd International Multidisciplinary Information Technology and Engineering Conference (IMITEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126818718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}