Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications最新文献

{"title":"Mobile Portals","authors":"Ofir Turel, A. Serenko","doi":"10.4018/9781591409892.ch099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/9781591409892.ch099","url":null,"abstract":"The diffusion of mobile services is one of important technological phenomena of the twenty-first century (Dholakia & Dholakia, 2003). According to the International Telecommunication Union,1 the number of mobile service users had exceeded 1.5 billion individual subscribers by early 2005. This represents around one-quarter of the world’s population. The introduction of .mobi, a new toplevel domain,2 is expected to further facilitate the usage of mobile services. Because of their high penetration rates, mobile services have received cross-disciplinary academic attention (e.g., Ruhi & Turel, 2005; Serenko & Bontis, 2004; Turel, Serenko & Bontis, 2007; Turel, 2006; Turel & Serenko, 2006; Turel & Yuan, 2006; Turel et al., 2006). While the body of knowledge on mobile services in general is growing (Krogstie, Lyytinen, Opdahl, Pernici, Siau, & Smolander, 2004), there seems to be a gap in our understanding of a basic, yet important service that mobile service providers offer, namely mobile portals (m-portals). M-portals are wireless Web pages that help wireless users in their interactions with mobile content and services (based on the definition by Clarke & Flaherty, 2003). These are a worthy topic for investigation since, in many cases, they represent the main gate to the mobile Internet and to wireless value-added services (Serenko & Bontis, 2004). Particularly, users of premium wireless services typically employ m-portals to discover and navigate to wireless content such as news briefs, stock quotes, mobile games, and so forth. Given this, m-portals have a strong value proposition (i.e., a unique value-added that an entity offers stakeholders through its operations) Chapter 1.15 Mobile Portals","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125773919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing a Portal and Community with the Community Generator","authors":"Norbert Fröschle","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH037","url":null,"abstract":"A virtual community is, in the sense of Rheingold (1993), a group of people communicating or interacting with each other by means of information technologies, typically the Internet, rather than face to face. The idea and phenomenon of virtual communities, the genetic DNA of how computer networks are populated by people—in private-closed, public-open or semi-public spaces—offer a rich background for business practice. Hagel and Armstrong (1997) outlined the commercial application of communities behind Web portals with a growing number of community-contents, loyalty and customer relationships, member-profiles and transactions in “Net Gain: Expanding Markets through Virtual Communities.” Additionally, Participate.com ex-post measured the benefits of virtual communities with instructive results (Cothrel, 2000). On this basis Fraunhofer-Institute, in Germany, developed a common definition for “Internet business communities” (Bullinger, 2002, p. 25). Internet business communities are economic networks for professional relationship management of employees, customers and business partners. The essential principle is a membership; on that condition services for specific users and user groups can be customized. After the registration, non-members get a user account, which conduces to protect the community-access, read permission, write/change permission, or billing. During the login members are asked for their username and their personal password; subsequently the data is compared to the data of the existing user account. The purpose of the login is to identify the member and also permits to create closer user profiles; current member profiles are the basis of every Internet community. Schubert (2000) specifies nine different types of profiles: profiles for identification (username, role, contact information), system profiles (User-ID, rights and operations), session profiles (access paths, click streams), socio-economic profiles (age, gender, hobbies), preference profiles (user preferences), profiles for interaction (logfiled data), subcommunity profiles (matching of preferences), profiles based on a specific case (provision of preconfigured opportunities) and transaction profiles.","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126024196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Portals and Web Pages","authors":"C. Fulmer","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH028","url":null,"abstract":"A Web page (WP) is a document written in HTML or XHTML language and placed on the World Wide Web through a unique and rather permanent address called the uniform resource locator or URL. A Web page can be either a single page, or be combined with other Web pages, nested one inside the other. These multiple Web pages, once created by using frames (F), are increasingly being created through the use of cascading style sheets (CSS). These enhancements allow users to navigate content on other Web pages while remaining on the initial page. Web pages contain navigation links (NL) to other Web sites and are viewed through Web browsers. Web pages can also contain elements that can be seen (graphics and images) and cannot be seen (scripts, meta tags). A Web site (WS) is physically located on a Web server as a collection of Web pages stored in hierarchical folders. Users move from page to page through use of these navigation links, navigation bars, or hyper links (HL) to view additional pages. Even so, Web pages are relatively flat or static when compared to the more functional and complex portal. A portal (P), is a Web site that serves as a gateway to other resources (Internet or intranet). These resources provide the user with enhanced capabilities through the use of distributed means—computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and cell phones. Therefore, some would argue that the portal is nothing new, but yet another type of Web page. Others (Tatnall, 2005) argue that portals are more than Web pages. At the very least, portals are enhanced versions—powerful improvements—along the evolutionary development of the simple Web page. Portals have proliferated. Tatnall (2005) describes attempts to categorize them and provides a list of major types: (a) general portals, (b) vertical industry portals, (c) horizontal industry portals, (d) community portals, (e) enterprise information portals, (f) e-market place portals, (g) personal/mobile portals, (h) informational portals, and (i) specialized or niche portals. While some have proclaimed the death of the portal (Online Publishing News, 1999), others (White, 2003) write about portal metamorphosis, an evolving transformation of the simple Web page in response to user needs.","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126117509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vertical Web Portals in Primary Education","authors":"Lara Preiser-Houy, Margaret Russell","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH177","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in digital technologies and proliferation of the Internet as an ubiquitous platform for communication and information open up new opportunities for teaching and learning in the 21st century. In the past decade, K-12 schools have made considerable investments in the educational technology infrastructure, as evident by the decrease in students-per-computer ratios from 10.8 to 4 in a 10-year period between 1994 and 2004 (Robelen, Cavanagh, Tonn, & Honawar, 2005). However, while the investments in computing infrastructure have been steadily increasing, teachers’ training and the integration of technologies into the elementary school classrooms have lagged far behind the infrastructure investments (Ivers & Barron, 1999). One strategy to address the technology gap between teachers and their students is to develop customized grade-level Web portals for elementary classrooms, and to train teachers to maintain and integrate Web portals into the teaching-learning processes of their schools (Preiser-Houy, Navarrete, & Russell, 2005). Today’s elementary school children are the “digital natives” that “speak” the language of computers and other digital devices (Prensky, 2001). They enjoy a full range of digital activities, including video and computer games, and that experience greatly impacts their lives outside of school (Yelland & Lloyd, 2001). Grade-level Web portals can bridge the technology gap between the “digital natives” and their teachers, many of whom were brought up and educated in a predigital era. In this article, we explicate the concept of vertical Web portals in primary education. First, we define the portal concept. Following that, we describe the essential components and the benefits of K-6 portals. Next, we present a portal development strategy comprised of planning, design, training, and integration phases. We also discuss future trends in evolving K-6 portals. Finally, we delineate areas for future research on the multidimensional impacts of portal technologies on elementary school teachers, their students, and student families. bacKground","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125353516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Privacy Preserving Data Portals","authors":"B. Fung","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH139","url":null,"abstract":"Information in a Web portal often is an integration of data collected from multiple sources. A typical example is the concept of one-stop service, for example, a single health portal provides a patient all of her/his health history, doctor’s information, test results, appointment bookings, insurance, and health reports. This concept involves information sharing among multiple parties, for example, hospital, drug store, and insurance company. On the other hand, the general public, however, has growing concerns about the use of personal information. Samarati (2001) shows that linking two data sources may lead to unexpectedly revealing sensitive information of individuals. In response, new privacy acts are enforced in many countries. For example, Canada launched the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Document Act in 2001 to protect a wide spectrum of information (The House of Commons in Canada, 2000). Consequently, companies cannot indiscriminately share their private information with other parties. A data portal provides a single access point for Web clients to retrieve data. Also, it serves a logical point to determine the trade-off between information sharing and privacy protection. Can the two goals be achieved simultaneously? This chapter formalizes this question to a problem called secure portals integration for classification and presents a solution for it. Consider the model in Figure 1. A hospital A and an insurance company B own different sets of attributes about the same set of individuals identified by a common key. They want to share their data via their data portals and present an integrated version in a Web portal to support decision making, such as credit limit or insurance policy approval, while satisfying two privacy requirements:","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116563589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"E-Value Creation in a Government Web Portal in South Africa","authors":"B. Maumbe, Wal Taylor","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH065","url":null,"abstract":"By the end of 2005, an emerging era of e-government had arrived in South Africa with the promise to transform public service delivery and the relationships between government, business and the citizens. E-government has been perceived as the second revolution in public management after the new public management of the 1980s (Saxena, 2005; Teicher, Hughes, & Dow, 2002). The advent of e-government information and services globally has brought increasing focus on the need to develop user-oriented quality Web portal services. Prior to this time, governments paid little attention to citizen service quality issues (Teicher et al., 2002). The emergence of ICT-enabled capacity for service delivery has increasingly forced governments to adopt a customer-oriented focus in the provision of public services. Service quality issues have traditionally dominated Web site development in the business arena simply because of the huge potential to affect the size of the customer base. Prominent among these has been the emergence of e-banking and e-travel Web portals (Bauer, Hammerschmidt, & Falk., 2005). As governments acquire growing customer base with e-service delivery, the associated development and maintenance ‘sunk costs’ has forced them to look at the means to transform service delivery to gain increased benefits. They are finding that government Web portals can support new opportunities to transform traditional government service delivery for societal benefits. This article focuses on e-value creation for government Web portals. It uses South Africa’s Cape Gateway Portal as a case study for promoting e-value in public service delivery to “customer citizens.” In this article, e-service quality and e-value are used interchangeably. The article starts with a background on government Web portals and it establishes a conceptual definition of Web portal e-value. It then provides a framework for assessing e-value creation for a government portal. Based on the literature and South Africa’s experiences, it identifies and describes the prime movers for e-value creation in a government Web portal.","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122362596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge Servers","authors":"A. Basden","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.ch089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.ch089","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122491797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Industry Portals for Small Businesses","authors":"E. Scarso","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH082","url":null,"abstract":"Various initiatives, promoted by public and private organizations, attempt to overcome the difficulties hindering the actual use of Web technologies by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Among such initiatives, the design and implementation of industry portals are deemed to be an earlier step toward e-business by SMEs. There has been a proliferation of portals, especially in traditional sectors, created with the purpose to facilitate the communication by SMEs with their trading partner, to favor information sharing, improve the efficiency of individual firms and supply chains, and promote innovation. While there are interesting examples of successful industry portals, several others failed. This article aims to investigate the particular factors that affect the success of such projects, and in detail to:","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114297167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guided Product Selection and Comparison of E-Commerce Portals","authors":"G. M. Sacco","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH072","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114583561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing Portals for Knowledge Work","authors":"R. Maier","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH038","url":null,"abstract":"An increasing share of work in businesses and organizations depends on information and knowledge rather than manual labor and physical goods (Wolf, 2005). Knowledge work contributes substantially to the long-term success of an organization. It is characterized by unstructured, creative, and learning-oriented tasks and involves access to a wide variety of structured and unstructured data sources such as Web sites, databases, data warehouses, document bases, or messaging systems. Knowledge work is often hampered by the fragmentation of resources across these numerous elements of information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructures. Consequently, concepts for the design and implementation of integrating technologies are required in order to improve ICT support for knowledge work. Originally, the term “portal” has been coined to denote the organized access to Internet resources by search engines and a categorized collections of links (Smith, 2004, p. 93). The metaphor has been extended to integrated access to data sources and applications or, in more recent terminology, contents, and services within businesses and organizations called enterprise (information) portal. Recently, emphasis seems to shift toward semantic integration of data and knowledge sources, services, persons, and processes referred to as knowledge portals (Collins, 2003; Firestone, 2003, p. 30ff; Hädrich & Priebe, 2005; Sandkuhl, 2005; Schwabe & Salim, 2002). This article reflects the ambitious goals and challenges of knowledge portals and proposes the concept of knowledge work situations for the design of knowledge portals.","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126688635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}