{"title":"Research Progress on the Potential Mechanisms of Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease Induced by Proton Pump Inhibitors","authors":"Z. Song, Xuezhong Gong","doi":"10.1097/IMNA-D-22-00027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IMNA-D-22-00027","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are acid-suppressing medications widely used in peptic ulcers; however, their widespread use has led to many adverse renal events. Among these events, the most common form of acute kidney injury (AKI) is acute interstitial nephritis (AIN), which is the clinical manifestation. Several clinical trials and cohort studies have shown a significant relationship between PPIs and AKI induction; however, the pathogenesis of PPIs leading to AKI is unclear. In this paper, we reviewed the potential mechanisms by which PPIs cause AKI and proposed new conjectures. We considered that PPIs led to the development of AKI through a combination of mechanisms. By searching and reviewing PubMed and Embase, a total of 29 studies were finally included and reviewed, and the findings suggested that the mechanisms by which PPIs induce AKI are mainly related to oxidative stress, immune response, inflammatory response, mitochondrial damage, calcium overload, and the induction of cellular necrosis. In addition, tubular cell necrosis can cause tubulointerstitial fibrosis and progressive renal unit loss. Long-term follow-up observations also suggested that PPIs can contribute to AKI progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, we will also explore the potential link between PPIs and CKD.","PeriodicalId":349243,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Medicine in Nephrology and Andrology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120986783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Discussion of Acute Deficiency Syndrome Theory and its Clinical Application","authors":"Xiang-tong Xu, Wen Zhang, Q. Guo, Yiwen Tu, Yuting Sun, Shuang Zhou, B. Fang","doi":"10.1097/imna-d-22-00006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/imna-d-22-00006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":349243,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Medicine in Nephrology and Andrology","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115562650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diagnosis of Fibrillary Glomerulonephritis with Positive Immunoglobulin A-κ Deposits Presenting as Membranous Nephropathy Using Immunoelectron Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"Shishi Li, Bing Yan, Fanna Liu","doi":"10.1097/imna-d-22-00028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/imna-d-22-00028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":349243,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Medicine in Nephrology and Andrology","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130055360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shujuan Zhao, Lining Jia, Chenkai Cui, Zhao Chen, Z. Duan, Jie Gao, Linting Wei, X. Xue, Fuqian Lei, Yanyan Yang, Jing Liu, Peihao Xu, Rongrong Wang, Yang Wei, Xuefei Tian, Rongguo Fu
{"title":"Combination Therapy of Low-dose Steroids, Tacrolimus and Mycophenolate Mofetil in Primary Membranous Nephropathy: A Single-center Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Shujuan Zhao, Lining Jia, Chenkai Cui, Zhao Chen, Z. Duan, Jie Gao, Linting Wei, X. Xue, Fuqian Lei, Yanyan Yang, Jing Liu, Peihao Xu, Rongrong Wang, Yang Wei, Xuefei Tian, Rongguo Fu","doi":"10.1097/IMNA-D-22-00012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IMNA-D-22-00012","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: Primary membranous nephropathy (pMN) is the most common pathological type of nephrotic syndrome in adults. Therefore, it is imperative to find a better combination therapy with fewer adverse effects for patients with pMN. Methods: This study enrolled 84 patients with biopsy-proven pMN and nephrotic syndrome. Thirty patients in the low-dose multitarget regimen (LDMT) group received low-dose glucocorticoids along with tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil, and 54 patients in the prednisone plus intravenous cyclophosphamide regimen (PC) group received corticosteroids plus intravenous cyclophosphamide. The clinical efficacy and safety of the LDMT and PC regimens in treating pMN in adults were analyzed and compared. Results: The cumulative complete remission rate was 6.67%, 56.30%, and 83.14% at the 6th, 12th, and 24th month after treatment in the LDMT group, and 16.67%, 60.84%, and 81.02% in the PC group, respectively (P = 0.620). The generalized estimating equation analysis showed that the longer the treatment duration, the better the improvements in serum albumin and urinary protein levels, and hyperlipidemia (P = 0.0001). However, the serum creatinine levels in both groups remained stable during the treatment period. Meanwhile, the relapse rates were comparable between the two groups (21.43% vs. 22.00%, P = 0.953). Moreover, patients in the LDMT group showed fewer adverse events than those in the PC group (46.67% vs. 72.22%, P = 0.020). Conclusions: These data indicated that the low-dose multitarget regimen, which might be an alternative treatment choice for patients with pMN, had a more favorable safety profile and non-inferior efficacy compared with prednisone plus intravenous cyclophosphamide.","PeriodicalId":349243,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Medicine in Nephrology and Andrology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125428610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Ma, G. Tesch, K. Grynberg, E. Ozols, W. Mulley, D. Nikolic-Paterson
{"title":"A Model of Ischaemia-Induced Renal Interstitial Fibrosis in Mice with Established Diabetes","authors":"F. Ma, G. Tesch, K. Grynberg, E. Ozols, W. Mulley, D. Nikolic-Paterson","doi":"10.1097/IMNA-D-22-00032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IMNA-D-22-00032","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: Diabetes is a well-established clinical risk factor for the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) following an episode of renal ischaemia. However, we lack a robust animal model to investigate the pathological mechanisms underpinning the increased susceptibility of the diabetic kidney to ischaemia-induced AKI and the transition to chronic kidney disease. The aim of this study was to develop a mouse model in which renal ischaemia induces renal interstitial fibrosis in diabetic mice, but not in control mice. Methods: C57BL6/J mice were made diabetic via 5 low dose streptozotocin injections. 8 weeks later, diabetic mice underwent 12 min of bilateral renal ischaemia and were killed on days 1, 7 or 28 after reperfusion. For comparison, groups of age-matched non-diabetic mice underwent the same renal ischaemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) protocol. Results: Non-diabetic mice developed AKI on day 1 which showed a virtually complete recovery of structure and function by day 7. By contrast, diabetic mice exhibited a state of chronic renal inflammation and developed a much more severe AKI on day 1 after IRI. Diabetic mice showed a marked delay in the repair response on day 7, and exhibited chronic tubular damage, inflammation and robust interstitial fibrosis on day 28. Conclusion: We have developed a mouse model suitable for the dissection of the mechanisms by which diabetes makes the kidney highly susceptible to an ischaemic insult and the transition to chronic kidney disease.","PeriodicalId":349243,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Medicine in Nephrology and Andrology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115450386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yunling Geng, Zhaocheng Dong, Q. Jia, Pingna Zhang, Jingyi Tang, Yu Ning Liu, Wei Jing Liu
{"title":"Haikun Shenxi Capsule for Improving Renal Function in Patients with Chronic Kidney Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"Yunling Geng, Zhaocheng Dong, Q. Jia, Pingna Zhang, Jingyi Tang, Yu Ning Liu, Wei Jing Liu","doi":"10.1097/IMNA-D-22-00013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IMNA-D-22-00013","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Haikun Shenxi capsule was widely used for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3–5. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of the Haikun Shenxi capsule in the treatment of patients with CKD stages 3–5 (nondialysis-dependent) and provide a reference for clinical application. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, Chongqing VIP Database, and SinoMed Database were searched for randomized-controlled trials applying Haikun Shenxi capsule to treat CKD from their inception date to February 2022. Data extraction and quality assessment were assigned to two researchers, respectively. The risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane handbook, and Revman5.3 was used for data statistics and analysis. Heterogeneity tests were conducted, and the mean difference (MD) or relative risk (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of the outcomes was presented. Eight randomized controlled trials with 522 patients diagnosed with CKD stages 3–5 (nondialysis-dependent) treated with Haikun Shenxi capsules were included. Compared with the control group, the Haikun Shenxi capsule group showed lower levels of serum creatinine (Scr; MD = −61.14, 95% CI = −68.13 to −54.16, P < 0.00001) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN; MD = −4.21, 95% CI = −5.59 to −2.84, P < 0.00001) and higher creatinine clearance (Ccr; MD = 3.94, 95% CI = 1.47 to 6.42, P = 0.002). No drug-related adverse effects of Haikun Shenxi were found in these studies. The Haikun Shenxi capsule could reduce Scr and BUN levels and increase the Ccr level, thereby improving renal functions of CKD stages 3–5 (nondialysis-dependent) patients without drug-related adverse effects based on conventional therapy.","PeriodicalId":349243,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Medicine in Nephrology and Andrology","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123965889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yin‐Hui Wang, Chenkai Cui, Xuefei Tian, Li Wang, Xiaotao Ma, Heng Ge, Lin Zhang, Xiaodong Xue, Zhihao Chen, Y. Huo, Hao Wang, Rongguo Fu, Lining Jia
{"title":"The Combination Therapy of Glucocorticoids, Tacrolimus, and Mycophenolate Mofetil in Primary Membranous Nephropathy Coexisting with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Yin‐Hui Wang, Chenkai Cui, Xuefei Tian, Li Wang, Xiaotao Ma, Heng Ge, Lin Zhang, Xiaodong Xue, Zhihao Chen, Y. Huo, Hao Wang, Rongguo Fu, Lining Jia","doi":"10.1097/imna-d-22-00010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/imna-d-22-00010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":349243,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Medicine in Nephrology and Andrology","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122080154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Therapeutic Effects of Jin Shui Bao Capsules on Kidney Diseases","authors":"Hongyu Chen, Q. Cheng","doi":"10.1097/imna-d-22-00025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/imna-d-22-00025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":349243,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Medicine in Nephrology and Andrology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117092752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yunling Geng, Zhaocheng Dong, Ying Wang, Pingna Zhang, Jingyi Tang, P. Li, Renhe Lv, Yu Ning Liu, Wei Jing Liu
{"title":"Efficacy of Huangkui Capsules in the Treatment of Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Using Network Pharmacology","authors":"Yunling Geng, Zhaocheng Dong, Ying Wang, Pingna Zhang, Jingyi Tang, P. Li, Renhe Lv, Yu Ning Liu, Wei Jing Liu","doi":"10.1097/imna-d-22-00020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/imna-d-22-00020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":349243,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Medicine in Nephrology and Andrology","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115674514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immune Response in COVID-19-associated Acute Kidney Injury and Maladaptive Kidney Repair","authors":"Ying Fu, Z. Dong","doi":"10.1097/imna-d-22-00022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/imna-d-22-00022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":349243,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Medicine in Nephrology and Andrology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127639426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}