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Book review: Makarova G.I. The image of Tatarstan in the strategies of the regional elites and in the public consciousness: a monograph (Kazan, 2020. 308 p.) 书评:马卡罗娃G.I.《地区精英战略和公众意识中的鞑靼斯坦形象:专著》(喀山，2020年)。308 p)。
Istoricheskaia etnologiia Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.22378/he.2023-8-1.158-163
Olga A. Bogatova
{"title":"Book review: Makarova G.I. The image of Tatarstan in the strategies of the regional elites and in the public consciousness: a monograph (Kazan, 2020. 308 p.)","authors":"Olga A. Bogatova","doi":"10.22378/he.2023-8-1.158-163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/he.2023-8-1.158-163","url":null,"abstract":"The review contains a brief overview of the content of the monograph by G.I. Makarova “The Image of Tatarstan in the Strategies of Regional Elites and in the Public Consciousness.” The book is based on the results of a sociological research in 2013–2019 in the Republic of Tatarstan. The author of the review draws attention to the complex and systemic nature of G.I. Makarova research work, confirmed by the synthesis of theoretical approaches to the problems of ethnic and regional identity, the image of territories, as well as the triangulation of methods. It is noted that the conclusions of the monograph are based on the results of several sociological methods – mass and expert surveys, in-depth interviews, analysis of official documents, and case studies. It is concluded that in the monograph G.I. Makarova developed a conceptual model for the analysis of the republican policy in the field of region branding and a methodology for sociological study of the results of its application. The conclusions and practical recommendations made by the author regarding the content of this policy and its social consequences, according to the reviewer, go beyond the boundaries of the Republic of Tatarstan. They can be used to study similar issues in other republics within the Russian Federation, while improving branding strategies and identity policies.","PeriodicalId":34778,"journal":{"name":"Istoricheskaia etnologiia","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135459905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The fate of a scientist: Bashir Iskandarovich Rameev 一个科学家的命运:巴希尔·伊斯坎达洛维奇·拉米耶夫
Istoricheskaia etnologiia Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.22378/he.2023-8-1.141-149
Taisiya Yu. Novinskaya
{"title":"The fate of a scientist: Bashir Iskandarovich Rameev","authors":"Taisiya Yu. Novinskaya","doi":"10.22378/he.2023-8-1.141-149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/he.2023-8-1.141-149","url":null,"abstract":"The article is dedicated to the life and work of Bashir Iskandarovich Rameev, one of the founders of domestic computer technology in the USSR, whose professional activities were closely connected with the city of Penza. In the 1950s, the largest research institute for electronic computing machines was established based on the SAM plant in Penza. The article focuses on the scientist's life path, which reflects the history of the country – the revolution of 1917, repressions, the Great Patriotic War, the achievements of Soviet science and technology in the post-war years in the setting of the Cold War. The formation of B.I. Rameev as a scientist coincided with the development of the first information technologies – the development of the first domestic computer “Strela”. The creation of a galaxy of electronic computing machines “Ural” falls on the peak of his career, when the scientist fullfilled the “principle of programmatic and constructive compatibility”.","PeriodicalId":34778,"journal":{"name":"Istoricheskaia etnologiia","volume":"23 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135461748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mosque-mekteb “Nugmania” in the Seoul city and its patron Gabdulkhak Nugman 首尔市的清真寺“努格曼尼亚”和它的赞助人加杜尔克·努格曼
Istoricheskaia etnologiia Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.22378/he.2023-8-1.125-140
Shamil F. Sadykov
{"title":"Mosque-mekteb “Nugmania” in the Seoul city and its patron Gabdulkhak Nugman","authors":"Shamil F. Sadykov","doi":"10.22378/he.2023-8-1.125-140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/he.2023-8-1.125-140","url":null,"abstract":"At present, Tatars can be found anywhere in the world, and each of them has their own story and different reasons for relocation to a new territory. Wherever fate takes Tatar people, the first priority for them is to unite with their compatriots, brothers in faith, organize a Muslim parish. This trait helped the Tatar people to preserve their self-awareness, identity, religion, and native language in different historical periods. The Tatars who relocated to Korea are no exception to these rule. This article, based on the materials of the newspaper Milli Bayrak, provides information about the activities of the mosque-mekteb Nugmaniya of the Seoul city and its philanthropist Gabdulkhak Nugman. Founded in 1926, the mekteb-mosque served as the main educational center for Korean Tatars for a long while. It was administered by the board of the Volga-Ural Turkic Tatars’ Cultural Society of the city of Keijo. Information about its activities can be traced only until 1944. Along with the name Seoul, its Japanese pronunciation Keijo is commonly used in newspaper articles. Today, the study of the history of our countrymen in exile is an important and relevant work in the field of accumulation, study and return of the rich cultural heritage of the Tatars. On the basis of these data, we can get acquainted with the state of the national education of the Korean Tatars, educational programs, the internal procedures of the school and teaching aids. In addition, the author has identified the names of individual teachers, patrons, public figures and has provided insights into the history of creating the school. The publication of new information, different opinions, individual photographs related to the school help to further reveal the essence and specifics of the Tatar people’s development.","PeriodicalId":34778,"journal":{"name":"Istoricheskaia etnologiia","volume":"56 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135461900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tatar clasp-necklace yaka chylbyry: questions of genesis and ethno-cultural interrelations 鞑靼扣项链yaka chylbyry:起源和民族文化相互关系的问题
Istoricheskaia etnologiia Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.22378/he.2023-8-1.94-111
Svetlana V. Suslova, Larisa N. Donina
{"title":"Tatar clasp-necklace yaka chylbyry: questions of genesis and ethno-cultural interrelations","authors":"Svetlana V. Suslova, Larisa N. Donina","doi":"10.22378/he.2023-8-1.94-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/he.2023-8-1.94-111","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the history of the formation of the ethnospecific jewelry of the Kazan Tatars – a collar clasp-necklace called yaka chylbyry. This piece of jewelry in its classic look had formed by the early-middle 19th century. However, the artistic image of the constituent elements of this multicomponent product, as well as the techniques of its manufacture, go back to medieval traditions. The publication focuses on an earlier constructive analogue of the yaka chylbyry – a clasp for a woman's camisole in the shape of double sheep larvae. The functional reorientation – the use of a clasp for a doublet as a collar clasp-necklace occurred at the turn of the 18th–19th centuries. The ram's face is considered by the authors as a result of the historical transformation of the \"scarab\" image typical for Russian caftan fasteners of the 16th–19th centuries. Echoes of the stylized motif of the ram can be seen on the classic yaka chylbyry up to the early-middle of the 20th century.","PeriodicalId":34778,"journal":{"name":"Istoricheskaia etnologiia","volume":"98 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135459904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The feat of Tagan Uzbek – village worker, the father of eleven hero sons 塔甘的壮举乌兹别克乡村工人，十一个英雄儿子的父亲
Istoricheskaia etnologiia Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.22378/he.2023-8-1.63-71
Dzhumadurdy S. Annaorazov, Dovlet P. Kossekov
{"title":"The feat of Tagan Uzbek – village worker, the father of eleven hero sons","authors":"Dzhumadurdy S. Annaorazov, Dovlet P. Kossekov","doi":"10.22378/he.2023-8-1.63-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/he.2023-8-1.63-71","url":null,"abstract":"The authors of the article explore the Turkmen people’s contribution to the Victory of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War at the front and in the rear. It describes the great heroism and valiant courage of the soldiers of Turkmenistan. They were among the first to defend the country, covering their names with the unfading glory of the feat on the fronts. It is shown how every resident, young and old, brought the Great Victory closer with every minute of his selfless work. It is emphasized that many Turkmen families, understanding and accepting the responsibility of the fatefulness of saving the country and family, sent all men of draft age to the front. In one of these families, all 11 sons went to the front. These are the greatest examples of the fact that the victory of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War became possible only owing to consolidation of the spirit and faith in a righteous cause, the unity of the army and the people, the military brotherhood and mutual assistance of the Soviet Union peoples, heroism, courageб and selfless service of Soviet soldiers to their Fatherland.","PeriodicalId":34778,"journal":{"name":"Istoricheskaia etnologiia","volume":"62 3-4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135460840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What do the archival materials concerning the newspaper “Tarjeman” show? 关于报纸“塔杰曼”的档案资料显示了什么?
Istoricheskaia etnologiia Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.22378/he.2022-7-1.161-173
Ismail A. Kerim
{"title":"What do the archival materials concerning the newspaper “Tarjeman” show?","authors":"Ismail A. Kerim","doi":"10.22378/he.2022-7-1.161-173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/he.2022-7-1.161-173","url":null,"abstract":"The article shows the efforts of Ismail Gasprinsky to open a newspaper in the Tatar language in the late 1870s – early 1880s. On the basis of archival materials, official appeals of I. Gasprinsky to various state institutions, it is shown how much time and effort this process took. It is also said that I. Gasprinsky himself began publishing his first articles on the pages of the periodical press back in 1875. It is emphasized that the newspaper «Tarjeman», which had a tremendous impact on the lives not only of the Crimean Tatars, but also of all Muslim peoples of the Russian Empire, was under the vigilant supervision of the official bodies of tsarist Russia from the very first days of its existence.","PeriodicalId":34778,"journal":{"name":"Istoricheskaia etnologiia","volume":"47 42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68345739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Famine in the Volga region of the 1920s through the eyes of German colonists 德国殖民者眼中的伏尔加河地区20世纪20年代的饥荒
Istoricheskaia etnologiia Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.22378/he.2022-7-2.221-227
O. Erokhina
{"title":"Famine in the Volga region of the 1920s through the eyes of German colonists","authors":"O. Erokhina","doi":"10.22378/he.2022-7-2.221-227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/he.2022-7-2.221-227","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the analysis of the letters from German colonists to the German-language newspaper Die Welt-Post, published in Lincoln in the United States, the article brings to light the colonists’ perception of socio-economic and political events in the Volga colonies in the early 1920s. The study of letters made it possible to show the scale of the tragedy and the attitude of Germans to what was happening. The author identifies several problems that worried them: deficit of foodstuff or clothing which was compensated for by selling or exchanging their belongings. In addition, they experienced a certain information vacuum which they wanted to fill through books, magazines and newspapers received from relatives and friends.","PeriodicalId":34778,"journal":{"name":"Istoricheskaia etnologiia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68346480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Introduction (to the Special topic of the issue: Modern Ethnological Research in Karakalpakstan) 导言(本期专题:卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦的现代民族学研究)
Istoricheskaia etnologiia Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.22378/he.2022-7-3.352-358
Z. Kurbanova
{"title":"Introduction (to the Special topic of the issue: Modern Ethnological Research in Karakalpakstan)","authors":"Z. Kurbanova","doi":"10.22378/he.2022-7-3.352-358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/he.2022-7-3.352-358","url":null,"abstract":"The article precedes a special section of the issue devoted to the traditions, culture, and occupations of the Karakalpaks in line with the increasingly emerging environmental crisis and globalization processes. According to the authors of the articles (Z.I. Kurbanova, M.A. Karlybaev, M.M. Davletiyarov, M.B. Utebaev, T.R. Zhabbarbergenov, G.M. Khozhaniyazov), such aspects of traditional culture as agrarian relations, generic structure, etiquette, monuments of tombstone architecture, terminology related to youth remain in the focus of the modern Karakalpakstan ethnological studies.","PeriodicalId":34778,"journal":{"name":"Istoricheskaia etnologiia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68347009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Traditional children’s toys at the Turkmens 土库曼人的传统儿童玩具
Istoricheskaia etnologiia Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.22378/he.2022-7-2.294-306
S. Atdaev
{"title":"Traditional children’s toys at the Turkmens","authors":"S. Atdaev","doi":"10.22378/he.2022-7-2.294-306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/he.2022-7-2.294-306","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional toys and various handcrafted items constitute an important part of the children’s world. Toys are not just fun, but also an important element in the upbringing and development of the child. With the help of toys, children learn about the world around them, learn to establish social ties, and prepare themselves for adulthood. Archaeological finds demonstrate that children’s toys were made on the territory of Turkmenistan already in the Bronze Age and their production continued into the Middle Ages. Miniature bows and arrows, slings, guns and sabers were usually made for boys. Children weaved bird nets and made animal traps. They also created toy tools of trade for the household. Toys imitate weddings and other celebrations accompanied by playing miniature musical instruments. Girls mainly made dolls, as well as household items and utensils. Animal figurines occupy a distinct place in the group of toys. In the past, doll toys were also made for ritual ceremonies: curing diseases or calling the rain. The production of traditional toys continued until the beginning of the 20th century. Information about toys production has been preserved in Turkmen folk tales and beliefs.","PeriodicalId":34778,"journal":{"name":"Istoricheskaia etnologiia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68347096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Creation of a unified typewriter keyboard for Turkic languages at the turn of the 19th – 20th centuries 19 - 20世纪之交，为突厥语发明了统一的打字机键盘
Istoricheskaia etnologiia Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.22378/he.2022-7-3.492-506
Nuriya M. Miftakhutdinova
{"title":"Creation of a unified typewriter keyboard for Turkic languages at the turn of the 19th – 20th centuries","authors":"Nuriya M. Miftakhutdinova","doi":"10.22378/he.2022-7-3.492-506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/he.2022-7-3.492-506","url":null,"abstract":"he article aims to highlight the process of creating the development of keyboards for typewriters in the Tatar language and in other Turkic languages using the Arabic script and the Latin alphabet, undertaken at the turn of the 19th –20th centuries. Through the involvement of archival documents, the role of the inventors of such machines, M. Idrisov, G. Madyarov, T. Tuganov, A. Sheikh-Ali, is presented. It was revealed that G. Madyarov, together with T. Tuganov and A. Sheikh-Ali, made serious changes to the mechanism of the typewriter. According to the engineering inventions of A. Sheikh-Ali, starting from 1925, the production of typewriters at Tatyazmash was being established in the workshop of the Tatar Republic. In 1926, at a conference on the reform of the Tatar alphabet, the project of initial letters proposed by M. Idrisov was approved. The inventor creates a typewriter in which the Tatar fonts were adapted to the finished Underwood machine. It became a breakthrough solution. After the introduction of the Latin alphabet among the Turkic peoples of the USSR, the issue of creating appropriate keyboards for typewriters becomes acute. M. Idrisov on a scientific basis, using the works of B.A. Goltsev for the Russian keyboard, develops standard unified typewriter keyboards for the Tatar, Bashkir, Kazakh, Azerbaijani, Crimean Tatar, Tajik and other Turkic languages. He took into account the digital data on the study of the frequency of using letters and their combinations with each other in national literary works of agricultural, political, artistic and technical profile. M. Idrisov was engaged in the creation of type-setting cash registers for linotype machines, font sets for 10 Turkic-Tatar languages (1933) and font sets for twenty languages, which were approved and introduced into Soviet production in 1935–1938.","PeriodicalId":34778,"journal":{"name":"Istoricheskaia etnologiia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68347439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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