Päivi Aho-Mustonen, Henrik Enckell, Jaakko Seikkula, Valeri Tsatsishvili, Virpi-Liisa Kykyri
{"title":"A moment within the psychoanalytic psychotherapy of an adult female patient – The meanings of nonverbal and bodily expressions","authors":"Päivi Aho-Mustonen, Henrik Enckell, Jaakko Seikkula, Valeri Tsatsishvili, Virpi-Liisa Kykyri","doi":"10.1080/01062301.2020.1782704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01062301.2020.1782704","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This case study adresses the multiple meanings of a moment of strong non-verbal and bodily expression within a course of psychoanalytic psychotherapy. One therapy session was video-recorded in the private practice of the therapist-researcher. In selecting important moments for qualitative analysis, two criteria were used: 1) the moment included intense nonverbal or bodily expression 2) the moment was experienced by the therapist as intensely affecting, both in meanings and in bodily experiences. The automatic silence detection (ASD) algorithm was used to detect and locate changes in sound energy in the session audio. The moment selected for this study involved unexpected laughter. To capture the multiple layers of the psychotherapeutic interactions, the moment was analyzed using a micro-analytic approach, applying the Sandwich model of Harrison, which takes into consideration both the verbal and nonverbal interaction. Animated complementary bodily expressions were observed, mostly in congruence with the words. It appeared that the moment marked a rift in communication and at the same time the possibility to open up new insights into intergenerational traumas. The paper discusses the benefits of the research in the work of the therapist.","PeriodicalId":346715,"journal":{"name":"The Scandinavian Psychoanalytic Review","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123097812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Psychoanalysis and evaluation: a stratified model focused on the uniqueness of the case","authors":"G. Visentini, A. Blanc, L. Laufer","doi":"10.1080/01062301.2019.1692621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01062301.2019.1692621","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objectives: This article addresses the methodological controversies surrounding the issue of how to evaluate the psychotherapies. It proposes to identify the principles of an integrative and stratified model in order to report the results of analytical therapy (its efficacy) based on the very effectiveness of its processes. Thus, the uniqueness of the case is put at the center of the evaluation setting. Methods: Drawing on science studies, the authors engage in a reflexive exercise on the problem of psychoanalysis’ evaluation based on methodological questions raised in the field over time and current issues related to practice. Results: First, the regularly asserted opposition between the norms of analytical practice and those governing standard evaluation procedures is reinterpreted as the effect of a lack of intermediate epistemic patterns. Second, the fundamental principles of an integrative model are considered so as to translate and articulate a set of heterogeneous requirements into distinct strata. Discussion: Since psychoanalysis is fundamentally a case-by-case practice characterized by inequivalence and unexpectedness, its utmost aim is to use a type of effectiveness based on the singularity of the case. However, this does not prevent it from being evaluable provided that the epistemic levels of the evaluation are clearly differentiated.","PeriodicalId":346715,"journal":{"name":"The Scandinavian Psychoanalytic Review","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127088070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experience of traumatic events and personal myths of birth","authors":"Sylvie Le Poulichet","doi":"10.1080/01062301.2019.1682814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01062301.2019.1682814","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Focusing on the analysis of a clinical case, this article studies the manner in which certain traumatic events can induce some individuals to produce auto-traumatic processes. In parallel, it demonstrates how the foundations of a subject’s origins can, at an early stage, find themselves undermined by an environment that does not recognise the subject, and that sends out messages that seem to exclude him or her from their filiation. What can follow is a partial breakdown in the ideation of origins that leads some individuals to create a personal myth of birth. This myth, that borrows some elements from collective myths, can to some extent substitute itself for the representation of filiation. This process will be differentiated here from delusional phenomena, or the ‘sexual theories of children’. This article also demonstrates the important role of the analysis of ‘anxiety dreams’ in these traumatic configurations: this analysis has the power to bring to light the different conflicting elements with which the ego identifies, so as to put an end to the auto-traumatic process, as well as giving clues for lifting the amnesia regarding a childhood personal myth of birth. Under these conditions ‘acts of birth’ can become inscribed into the analysis.","PeriodicalId":346715,"journal":{"name":"The Scandinavian Psychoanalytic Review","volume":"403 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131076967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘The essay method’ a qualitative method for studying therapeutic dialogues","authors":"S. Varvin","doi":"10.1080/01062301.2019.1692622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01062301.2019.1692622","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper presents a qualitative research method for analysing therapeutic dialogues called ‘the essay method’. A central part of the method uses the format of the literary essay as a model. The method consists of a close monitoring of clinical material guided by an overall psychoanalytic/psychodynamic theoretical frame. It combines both clinical details and global patterns of clinical material and is especially fitted for studying relational qualities of psychotherapeutic dialogues. In this paper, the background for qualitative analysis in studying psychoanalytic material is discussed, and the procedures for using the method are demonstrated. A study of therapeutic competence in a group of student therapists is used as an example of the method in practice, demonstrating that the essay method may have potential for revising theory and establishing new concepts based on empirical findings. The essay method is compared with other qualitative methods, and it is argued that it is suitable for psychoanalytic research.","PeriodicalId":346715,"journal":{"name":"The Scandinavian Psychoanalytic Review","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122628606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The presence of the absence in Kjell Westö’s novel: “Hägring 38”","authors":"S. Lunn","doi":"10.1080/01062301.2019.1656926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01062301.2019.1656926","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The word ‘hägring’ (in English. ‘mirage’) can be understood in different ways: as an unrealistic hope or wish that cannot be achieved (wishful thinking); as an image in a mirror of something that is not there, but in another place, and as a sign of something that has not yet become visible, for instance, the first rays of sunlight on the horizon before the sun has risen. These meanings represent different ways in which presence and absence interplay, and are all illustrated in Kjell Westö’s impressive novel from 2013 for which he received the Nordic Literature Prize in 2014. The action of the novel takes place during eight months in Helsinki from March to November 1938 and unravels how the past and present are woven together on a historical, societal and individual level. The present article will try to illustrate this.","PeriodicalId":346715,"journal":{"name":"The Scandinavian Psychoanalytic Review","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130991137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the development of a benign superego- thoughts arising from psychoanalytical work with children and grownups","authors":"Elisabeth Haapatalo","doi":"10.1080/01062301.2019.1660034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01062301.2019.1660034","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The human psyche unfolds through the internalization of the presence of the object; little by little the child makes the functions and characteristics of the object her own. Part of the internalization of the primary objects result in the superego formation. When the internalized object is reliably present, protecting and need fulfilling the superego will be formed into a benign inner structure, which has self-observing, self-regulatory and ideal forming functions. A good internal object lays the basis for a well- functioning and protective superego, whereas an object experienced as too distant and not there when needed results in internalizations which build a harsh and persecuting superego. The focus in this article is on the development of a benign superego.","PeriodicalId":346715,"journal":{"name":"The Scandinavian Psychoanalytic Review","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127563128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Body and mind: two sides of one coin","authors":"C. Schmidt‐Hellerau","doi":"10.1080/01062301.2019.1698000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01062301.2019.1698000","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Psychosomatics is concerned with mentalization and the mind’s impact on the body’s functions. Choosing the reverse approach, how the body steers the mind, the author elaborates on a monistic mind-body-theory, suggesting that all physiological processes down to the cellular level have a psychological concomitant. Body and mind are the two sides of one coin, distinguished though by different representational organizations. This perspective is pertinent to Freud’s 1915 definition of the drive as the body’s demand on the mind. It also opens interesting perspectives for the elaboration of a preservative drive and its specific ideation in mental life. Comparing the dynamics between the sexual and the preservative drives with the workings of the autonomous nervous system reveals some specific traits of the preservative drives, as they are considered characteristic for psychosomatic patients. As a case in point, the author looks into the French conception of the drives and the theoretical framework of the Paris School of Psychosomatics, to which her conception would add an important dimension, theoretically, clinically, and technically.","PeriodicalId":346715,"journal":{"name":"The Scandinavian Psychoanalytic Review","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122672934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In Memoria of Stefan Bálint","authors":"Maria Fitger, Marie-Ange Wagtmann, U. Ståhlberg","doi":"10.1080/01062301.2019.1703549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01062301.2019.1703549","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":346715,"journal":{"name":"The Scandinavian Psychoanalytic Review","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134443237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}