Cleaner Environmental Systems最新文献

{"title":"Comparative LCA of feather treatment processes (Steam Explosion, Microbial Fermentation, Mechanical Grinding) for sustainable bioplastic feedstock production","authors":"Sahand Hosouli ,&nbsp;Damian Gajdarenko ,&nbsp;Klas Ingstorp ,&nbsp;Jonna Almqvist ,&nbsp;Pietro Bartocci ,&nbsp;João Gomes ,&nbsp;Philip B. Farrelly ,&nbsp;Karen McGillicuddy ,&nbsp;Daniel Traas","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poultry feathers represent a substantial keratin-rich waste stream with potential for valorisation into bio-based materials. This study evaluates the environmental performance of three novel feather treatment processes ((Steam Explosion (SE), Microbial Fermentation (MF) and Mechanical Grinding (MG)) intended for producing sustainable bioplastic feedstock, using Life Cycle Assessment. A gate-to-gate analysis compared the processes per 1000 kg feather input across multiple impact categories, including GWP, Acidification Potential (AP), Eutrophication Potential (EP), Respiratory Inorganics, and Water Scarcity. The scope was expanded to cradle-to-gate to include upstream farming impacts and compare results with conventional plastics. Gate-to-gate results showed MG had the lowest impacts for GWP (475 kg CO₂ eq.), AP (0.65 kg SO₂ eq.), EP (0.08 kg Phosphate eq.), and Respiratory Inorganics, driven by lower energy use. However, MG showed the highest Water Scarcity (7787 m3 world eq.) due to feather washing. MF exhibited the highest GWP (2035 kg CO₂ eq.) and Respiratory Inorganics, while SE showed the highest AP (1.25 kg SO₂ eq.). Cradle-to-gate, MG and SE offered significant GWP advantages over conventional plastics like PP, LDPE, and HDPE (up to 59 % and 27 % lower GWP, respectively). Similarly, MG and SE demonstrated lower AP (up to 56 % and 48 % lower, respectively) compared to these plastics. However, feather routes showed higher EP when upstream farming impacts were included. In conclusion, MG is the most favourable process regarding climate impact, though its water use is significant. SE provides a balanced alternative. Valorising feather waste offers environmental benefits over conventional plastics, but optimising energy efficiency and water consumption is crucial for enhancing the sustainability of these technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100372"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145690355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental impact assessment of multifunctional desalination systems","authors":"J.M. Ribeiro ,&nbsp;G.A. Tsalidis ,&nbsp;E. Nika ,&nbsp;V. Vasilaki ,&nbsp;D. Xevgenos ,&nbsp;H. Jouhara ,&nbsp;E. Katsou","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The desalination sector adopts Minimal Liquid Discharge (MLD) systems to become more circular, reduce brine discharge and enhance water recovery, which transforms them to multifunctional systems. This multifunctionality requires a methodologically consistent and goal-aligned approach to environmental impact assessment that recognises how different modelling choices are connected with specific decision contexts. A criterion LCA-based framework aligned with the ISO 14044 hierarchy and tailored specifically to desalination has been developed. It guides the selection of allocation approaches based on system characteristics, integration level, and assessment objectives and is applied to assess an MLD system which co-produces desalinated water, sodium chloride, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium sulphate and hydrochloric acid. Multifunctionality was handled with system expansion and partitioning (physical and economic) approaches, resulting in different functional units. For physical and economic partitioning, the MLD system is modelled from a process and system perspective. The results indicate that the MLD system has larger environmental benefits than the reference system with system expansion. When physical and economic partitioning under different perspectives are applied, they result in different environmental burdens per co-product. The MLD system performs better than the reference system (0.005 kg CO₂/kg desalinated water) only when process economic partitioning (0.003 kg CO₂/kg desalinated water) is applied. Whereas, the rest co-products perform better than reference products for all partitioning approaches applied. Our results highlight the potential of brine as a secondary source of products. This study underscores the importance of selecting appropriate allocation approaches, contributing to sustainable practices in the desalination sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100328"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key practices affecting the environmental impact of Ewe milk in mixed farming systems","authors":"Matteo Finocchi ,&nbsp;Fabrizio Giuseppe Cella ,&nbsp;Ricardo Villani ,&nbsp;Alice Cappucci ,&nbsp;Francesca Vichi ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Conte ,&nbsp;Alberto Mantino ,&nbsp;Marcello Mele","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined management practices in twelve Mediterranean mixed dairy sheep farms to identify key drivers of environmental impacts associated with milk production. Using life cycle assessment and multivariate analysis, the study explored correlations between farm management practices and environmental outcomes. The average annual milk production was consistent with existing literature, reaching 190 kg of fat and protein corrected milk (FPCM) per ewe. The correlation analysis revealed a general trend indicating that the various impacts considered, such as atmospheric emissions, acidification, and eutrophication, increased proportionally. Specifically, a greater reliance on concentrates for animal supplementation was linked to higher environmental impacts, suggesting that the use of purchased feeds tends to worsen the environmental performance of mixed dairy sheep farms.</div><div>Principal component analysis further highlighted that environmental impacts were positively correlated with increased electricity consumption and higher fuel use per hectare. Conversely, grazing practices were associated with reduced environmental impacts, emphasizing the advantages of pasture mass as an energy-rich feed source in contexts where preserved forages are of poor quality due to adverse climate conditions.</div><div>Regarding global warming potential (GWP), the study found that enteric methane emissions from ruminants accounted for over 53.5 % of total emissions. The average GWP was estimated at 4.2 kg CO₂eq kg⁻¹ of FPCM. The use of detailed equations for estimating biogenic GWP underscored the importance of accurate data collection on livestock characteristics, diet composition, intake, and feeding duration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100353"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145325793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced activated carbon production from lignin waste for treatment of As(V) and Cd(II) in wastewater: Sustainability and technological insights by prospective life cycle assessment","authors":"Brener Felipe Melo Lima Gomes ,&nbsp;Heather M. Logan ,&nbsp;Leandro Vinícius Alves Gurgel ,&nbsp;Anders Damgaard","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assessed the environmental impacts of producing activated carbon from technical lignin (TL-AC) for the removal of As(V) and Cd(II) from water, at the laboratory scale, and provided insights for future upscaling. An attributional LCA was initially conducted for seven laboratory-scale experimental setups, varying the temperature and the KOH:TL ratio. After identifying the best-performing scenario, three prospective (TL-2S-AC-3, TL-1S-AC-3, TL-1S-AC) and one baseline (Coal-1S-AC) scenarios were evaluated using a prospective life cycle assessment (<em>p</em>LCA). A global prospection identified favorable locations for upscaling the technology, and an emission intensity indicator was proposed to improve sustainability comparisons across adsorbent materials. The results indicated that KOH use and energy consumption were key contributors to the global warming potential (GWP). TL-AC-3 achieved the best sustainability among the laboratory scenarios, with the lowest emission intensity per mass of As(V) (1.5 × 10⁻⁴ kg CO₂-eq g As⁻¹) and Cd(II) (3.4 × 10⁻⁴ kg CO₂-eq g Cd⁻¹) removed, demonstrating environmental advantages over commercial and other materials. In prospective assessments, the TL-1S-AC-3 scenario, featuring a simplified one-step pretreatment, showed potential GWP reductions of up to 44.5 % (6.6 kg CO₂-eq FU⁻¹), compared to the laboratory-scale results. Brazil emerged as a favorable location for industrial deployment, due to its renewable energy matrix, with GWP values below 11 kg CO₂-eq FU⁻¹ across all prospective scenarios. These results highlighted TL-AC as an effective, lower-impact solution for arsenic and cadmium removal, with scalability potential in resource-abundant regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100350"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regionalising the circular economy: A three-step integrative review and gap analysis","authors":"Ana Maria Caceres Ruiz ,&nbsp;Alessandro Sanches Pereira ,&nbsp;Atiq Zaman","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A Circular Economy (CE) is a promising path to realise sustainable societies across cities, regions, and nations. Yet, the realisation of effective regional circular economies (RCEs) remains underexplored. This paper contributes to advancing RCE knowledge by conducting a three-step integrative literature survey and gap analysis. Successful RCE implementation requires integrated, place-based approaches. These include clearly demarcating regional boundaries; assessing local contexts such as resources, secondary materials, specialisations, key stakeholders, barriers and drivers to CE, path dependencies, and proximity dynamics; and developing policies that support regional clusters, knowledge transfer, and fit-for-purpose indicators (e.g., sector-based), as well as the scaling-up of successful CE initiatives, and spatial planning strategies (e.g., designating land for CE pilots). Territorial governance strategies should engage diverse stakeholders, transition brokers, and interregional collaborations. Implementation should extend beyond the “R-framework” by incorporating reverse logistics, cascading, and industrial symbiosis, alongside robust monitoring mechanisms to adapt and improve initiatives while assessing climate impacts.</div><div>In addition, our gap analysis reveals critical research needs: developing and testing circular strategies tailored to key local economic specialisations (e.g., agriculture, forestry, mining); bridging the divide between sufficiency, efficiency, and innovation ideals and their practical uptake; addressing the underutilisation of regenerative, reduce, and reuse strategies; clarifying how RCEs influence emission reduction pathways; and how to initiate and mobilize governance structures for CE transitions in regions.</div><div>This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on CE by providing practical insights for ground-level RCE implementation and by highlighting overlooked research areas that are essential for advancing circular transitions in regional settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100371"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145525337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation and techno-economic evaluation of integrated palm oil mill processes for advancing a circular economy","authors":"Siti Naderah Sulin ,&nbsp;Mohd Noriznan Mokhtar ,&nbsp;Azhari Samsu Baharuddin ,&nbsp;Mohd Afandi P. Mohammed","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The palm oil industry faces increasing pressure to adopt sustainable and circular production practices, particularly in waste management and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction. Integrated biomass utilization within palm oil mills (POMs) offers a promising approach to improve both environmental and economic outcomes. This study evaluates the techno-economic and environmental performance of an integrated POM system incorporating palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment, empty fruit bunch (EFB) composting, and residual oil recovery within a unified flowsheet. A detailed simulation model of a 60 MT/h mill was developed using SuperPro Designer® software, based on actual mill operations and literature data. The model assessed mass and energy balances, capital and operating costs, and carbon dioxide (CO₂) equivalent emissions. Results showed a 5 % increase in revenue through by-product valorization and a 53 % reduction in CO₂ equivalent emissions when combining EFB composting with biogas capture. The system achieved a positive net present value (NPV) of MYR 75.63 million, an internal rate of return (IRR) of 30.08 %, a return on investment (ROI) of 19.20 %, and a payback period (PBP) of 5.21 years. Sensitivity analysis showed that the prices of fresh fruit bunches (FFB), crude palm oil (CPO), and the CPO yield are key factors influencing economic performance. These outcomes highlight the feasibility of implementing circular economy principles, where waste streams are transformed into valuable products such as compost, biogas, and recovered oil, thereby closing material loops and reducing environmental impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100323"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of environmental indicators assessing industrial symbiosis and urban symbiosis for an improved indicator selection process: A scoping review","authors":"Benedikt Verkic,&nbsp;Lieve Göbbels,&nbsp;Kathrin Greiff","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Through innovative exchange of resources, industrial symbiosis can contribute to the circular economy and decrease environmental impacts. Similarly, urban symbiosis focuses on synergies involving cities. Even though many literature reviews exist in the field of industrial symbiosis, overviews on currently used and suitable indicators for measuring environmental impacts are lacking. Therefore, this scoping review provides an overview and descriptive analysis of relevant environmental indicators in the field of industrial and urban symbiosis used in scientific and gray literature. To ensure a comprehensive and exhaustive overview, eco-industrial parks and circular economy on the meso level are included. The aim is to provide a solid basis for future industrial and urban symbiosis assessment frameworks to improve and accelerate the identification of individually appropriate indicators. In total 3349 indicators across 457 sources were identified and clustered into 624 comprehensive indicators. The indicators are evaluated regarding overall use and use over time, category, type and R-strategy. Our results showed that most indicators are available in the area of material, waste and water, followed by environment and emissions. The paper identified good coverage of high-circularity R-strategies but limited coverage for other strategies. These results form a solid basis for the development of holistic and standardized assessment frameworks in the field of industrial and urban symbiosis. The most used indicators could for instance serve as a basis for relevance when utilized by companies, industrial park operators, and urban administrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100363"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145474203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of Digital Twins in electronic devices lifecycle: unlocking potential for Circular Economy practices","authors":"Laila El Warraqi,&nbsp;Elisa Negri,&nbsp;Paolo Rosa,&nbsp;Sergio Terzi","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, both academic and scientific debates have been strongly focused on the issue of electronic waste, given the significant environmental and economic challenges associated with it, encouraging therefore circular economy (CE) practices at their end-of-life management. Smart waste management has emerged thanks to the rapid development of digital technologies. Among these, thanks to their capabilities, Digital Twins (DTs) have recently emerged as promising for advancing CE initiatives; however, their functionalities in the electronics sector in supporting CE practices have not been analysed to a great extent. This article aims to provide a comprehensive view on current functionalities of DTs across electronic devices lifecycle, assessing how and for which purpose they are applied, highlighting challenges to CE. The article presents a systematic literature review which focuses on DT functionalities such as level of application (i.e., component, product, process levels), lifecycle phases supported, and the types of data collected in current DT applications. The main findings reveal that most of current DT implementations overlook CE aspects, mainly due to the limited data reuse across lifecycles. Building on these results, the paper proposes a conceptual scheme of guidelines that systemically incorporates DTs into CE workflows, optimizing their use for enhanced circularity throughout electronic devices lifecycle at different levels of application. The developed analysis aims at presenting how to advance DTs as enablers of circularity and provides practical insights for electronics value chain actors in transitioning toward circular practices, by leveraging the potentials of DTs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100374"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genuine sustainability VS. Greenwashing: Consumer responses to environmental practices and biodegradable material in Colombian service firms","authors":"Edinson Delgado Martínez ,&nbsp;Madeline Melchor Cardona ,&nbsp;María Fernanda Plazas Ramírez ,&nbsp;Verónica Baracaldo Quiceno","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the relationships between environmental and greenwashing practices, perceptions of biodegradable material, and their influence on consumer purchase intention. A structural equation model was developed to assess these relationships, using data from a sample of 250 consumers in Cali, Colombia. Key findings indicate that consumers value authentic sustainability initiatives but express distrust toward superficial or misleading claims (greenwashing). Interestingly, greenwashing exhibited a positive influence on purchase intention, likely due to low consumer awareness in the local context. Additionally, the poor performance and functional limitations of biodegradable material negatively affected purchase intentions. In conclusion, while consumer interest in sustainability is increasing, the functional shortcomings of biodegradable products contribute to dissatisfaction. Companies should focus on improving the quality and functionality of sustainable offerings, enhancing transparency, and exploring durable alternatives to build trust and promote genuine sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100375"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative life cycle assessment of bamboo-containing and wood-based hygiene tissue: Implications of fiber sourcing and conversion technologies","authors":"Naycari Forfora,&nbsp;Rhonald Ortega,&nbsp;Isabel Urdaneta,&nbsp;Ivana Azuaje,&nbsp;Keren A. Vivas,&nbsp;Hasan Jameel,&nbsp;Richard Venditti,&nbsp;Ronalds Gonzalez","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assesses the environmental impact of producing consumer bath tissue (CBT) in the United States using Brazilian bleached eucalyptus kraft (BEK) and Canadian northern bleached softwood kraft (NBSK) market pulps, in comparison to bamboo-based CBT from China. Additionally, the analysis includes considerations of soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration from plant growth, and the biogenic global warming potential (GWPbio) based on biomass rotation periods.</div><div>Results indicate a cradle-to-grave carbon footprint (CF) of 1824 kg CO₂eq/air-dry ton (ADt) for US CBT (70 % BEK/30 % NBSK) using Light Dry Creped (LDC) technology. Substituting BBK for BEK/NBSK increases CF to 2041 kg CO₂eq/ADt, with Chinese manufactured CBT at 2400 kg CO₂eq/ADt. Using Creped Trough Air Drying (CTAD), CF rises to 2531 and 2739 kg CO₂eq/ADt for BEK-NBSK and BEK-BBK mixtures, respectively. Including SOC factors do not change the conclusions. While the GWPbio factors are highly dependent on the time horizon considered. These results emphasize production technologies' critical role in tissue sustainability and challenge bamboo's perceived environmental advantages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100337"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}