{"title":"Life cycle assessment of whiteleg shrimp farming in earthen vs. HDPE-lined ponds in India","authors":"Trivesh S. Mayekar , Venkatesh Paramesha , G.B. Sreekanth , C.U. Rivonker , Parveen Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Whiteleg shrimp (<em>Penaeus vannamei</em>) farming has expanded rapidly worldwide, contributing significantly to global seafood supply. However, concerns remain about its environmental impacts, particularly in India—a major exporter with diverse production systems. High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE)-lined ponds and earthen ponds are widely used, but their comparative environmental performance has not been comprehensively evaluated. This study aimed to quantify and compare the environmental impacts of intensive HDPE-lined and semi-intensive earthen pond shrimp farming systems along India's west coast. A cradle-to-farm-gate Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was conducted using SimaPro software and the ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint method. Primary data were collected from 20 farms and one hatchery, covering seed production, feed use, and energy consumption. Environmental impacts were assessed across multiple categories, including Global Warming Potential (GWP), Terrestrial Acidification Potential (AC), and Marine Eutrophication Potential (EU). Results showed that HDPE-lined ponds had significantly higher GWP (369.04 vs. 268.06 kg CO<sub>2</sub> eq) and AC (1.20 vs. 0.94 kg SO<sub>2</sub> eq) per tonne of shrimp compared to earthen ponds, but lower EU (0.03 vs. 0.05 kg N eq). Seed production, electricity use, and feed emerged as the primary contributors to environmental impacts. Findings suggest that transitioning from HDPE-lined to earthen pond systems, adopting renewable energy sources such as solar aeration, and replacing fishmeal with plant-based alternatives could substantially improve the sustainability of Indian shrimp aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100342"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Marefat , Abooali Golzary , Fumitake Takahashi , Donald Huisingh
{"title":"Financial feasibility and optimization of anaerobic digestion systems for sustainable waste management: A comprehensive global analysis","authors":"Ali Marefat , Abooali Golzary , Fumitake Takahashi , Donald Huisingh","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective management of organic waste plays a vital role in addressing environmental challenges and advancing sustainable development goals. This review article provides a comprehensive financial assessment of anaerobic digestion (AD) systems for treating the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). Previous studies on AD systems have largely been confined to local case studies with findings that cannot be generalized beyond their specific regions, and they have often overlooked the combined influence of technical, economic, and political factors on financial performance. The study begins by identifying the gaps and limitations in existing financial models for AD systems. It then develops an enhanced financial framework and uses scenario-based analyses to assess the financial feasibility of AD technologies. The model outputs indicate that the financial feasibility of AD systems is heavily influenced by national energy policies and environmental regulations. It is revealed that insufficient government support for energy tariffs—particularly in countries experiencing economic instability—serves as a major barrier to the cost-effectiveness of AD systems. In contrast, in economically stable regions, the financial sustainability of these systems is primarily challenged by stringent environmental regulations specifically related to digestate disposal. To overcome these challenges and further strengthen the financial performance of AD systems, future research should prioritize AI-driven optimization to enhance operational efficiency, reduce costs, increase energy output, and ultimately improve financial sustainability. By addressing existing barriers and proposing actionable recommendations, this review aims to foster the adoption of AD technologies as a cornerstone of sustainable waste management practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100339"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Artificial intelligence and sustainable development: Public concerns and governance in developed and developing nations","authors":"Mehrdad Maghsoudi , Navid Mohammadi , Mohammadreza Bakhtiari","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technology with the potential to accelerate progress toward the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, its adoption and societal implications vary significantly between developed and developing nations, shaped by differing priorities, socio-economic realities, and governance capacities. This study systematically analyzes global public discourse on AI and its alignment with the SDGs using natural language processing and a graph-based multi-label classification framework. By analyzing over 249,000 posts on social media (Twitter/X) and categorizing them into SDG-related concerns, we reveal shared global priorities, such as the emphasis on SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), and key contextual divergences. Developed nations focus on optimizing advanced systems and ethical governance, while developing countries highlight AI's potential to bridge infrastructural gaps and promote digital equity. Notably, SDGs addressing essential human needs, such as Zero Hunger (SDG 2) and Clean Water and Sanitation (SDG 6), remain underrepresented globally. Using expert-driven Delphi panels, we provide context-sensitive governance strategies tailored to regional priorities. This study highlights the necessity of inclusive, adaptive AI policy frameworks that reflect global disparities while fostering equitable development. The findings offer actionable insights for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners seeking to align AI governance with sustainability and equity goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100340"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessing the economic feasibility and environmental sustainability of 3D printed dysphagic food","authors":"Alexandros Stratakos , Antonia Vyrkou , Oluwatobi Fatola , Athanasios Angelis-Dimakis","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>3D-printing of food is an emerging technology that has great potential not only to leading to more efficient food production with less waste but also for developing functional foods, suitable for consumers with specific medical conditions such as dysphagia. An aspect that has not been addressed so far, though, is its environmental performance compared to conventional food production and the potential economic benefits of decentralised 3D-printing of food. We have examined the case of a care home which hosts between 10 and 30 dysphagic residents, with specific dietary requirements, and assessed three alternative scenarios: (a) decentralised 3D printed dysphagic food; (b) centralised 3D printed dysphagic food, distributed to the care home; and (c) centralised conventionally prepared dysphagic food. The analysis has shown that 3D-printing of dysphagic food has a better environmental performance compared to conventionally prepared food, with a 5–13 % improvement in all the midpoint impact indicators. Moreover, the purchase of a 3D-printer by the case home for decentralised production of dysphagic food can be a profitable investment, with the price of conventionally prepared food being the main parameter affecting the decision. A commercial purchase price conventionally prepared food higher than £3.80 per portion of 250 g will definitely render such an investment economically viable, while prices as low as £3.25 can also lead to a viable investment, when the number of residents increases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100341"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haji Yazdeen , Takunda Y. Chitaka , Regis Pommier , Guido Sonnemann
{"title":"Life cycle assessment of selected maritime pine wood industries in the Landes de Gascogne forest of France","authors":"Haji Yazdeen , Takunda Y. Chitaka , Regis Pommier , Guido Sonnemann","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forestry is a vital part of natural systems and has traditionally supplied renewable raw materials for industrial uses and domestic fuelwood. Life Cycle Assessment has become one of the most recognized and internationally accepted method for examining the environmental performance of forest products and processes. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the potential environmental impact associated with different commercial outputs of maritime pine wood (construction wood, pallets, plywood, pellets, unbleached (UB) pulpwood) from the Landes de Gascogne forest. The study showed that pulpwood presented the highest values in all the evaluated impact categories including climate change whilst pellets presented the lowest values. Maritime pine from the first thinning was the hotspot in the construction wood production process, while the nails presented the hotspot for the pallet production process. In the plywood production process, melamine formaldehyde resin was the highest contributor to environmental impacts. Maritime pine from the first thinning was also the hotspot in pellet production whilst heat from steam was the hotspot in UB pulp production. The results of this comprehensive assessment can be used to support environmentally sound decision-making for forest and factory management with regard to the beneficiation of wood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100338"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Naycari Forfora, Rhonald Ortega, Isabel Urdaneta, Ivana Azuaje, Keren A. Vivas, Hasan Jameel, Richard Venditti, Ronalds Gonzalez
{"title":"Comparative life cycle assessment of bamboo-containing and wood-based hygiene tissue: Implications of fiber sourcing and conversion technologies","authors":"Naycari Forfora, Rhonald Ortega, Isabel Urdaneta, Ivana Azuaje, Keren A. Vivas, Hasan Jameel, Richard Venditti, Ronalds Gonzalez","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assesses the environmental impact of producing consumer bath tissue (CBT) in the United States using Brazilian bleached eucalyptus kraft (BEK) and Canadian northern bleached softwood kraft (NBSK) market pulps, in comparison to bamboo-based CBT from China. Additionally, the analysis includes considerations of soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration from plant growth, and the biogenic global warming potential (GWPbio) based on biomass rotation periods.</div><div>Results indicate a cradle-to-grave carbon footprint (CF) of 1824 kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq/air-dry ton (ADt) for US CBT (70 % BEK/30 % NBSK) using Light Dry Creped (LDC) technology. Substituting BBK for BEK/NBSK increases CF to 2041 kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq/ADt, with Chinese manufactured CBT at 2400 kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq/ADt. Using Creped Trough Air Drying (CTAD), CF rises to 2531 and 2739 kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq/ADt for BEK-NBSK and BEK-BBK mixtures, respectively. Including SOC factors do not change the conclusions. While the GWPbio factors are highly dependent on the time horizon considered. These results emphasize production technologies' critical role in tissue sustainability and challenge bamboo's perceived environmental advantages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100337"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J.M. Ribeiro , G.A. Tsalidis , E. Nika , V. Vasilaki , D. Xevgenos , H. Jouhara , E. Katsou
{"title":"Environmental impact assessment of multifunctional desalination systems","authors":"J.M. Ribeiro , G.A. Tsalidis , E. Nika , V. Vasilaki , D. Xevgenos , H. Jouhara , E. Katsou","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The desalination sector adopts Minimal Liquid Discharge (MLD) systems to become more circular, reduce brine discharge and enhance water recovery, which transforms them to multifunctional systems. This multifunctionality requires a methodologically consistent and goal-aligned approach to environmental impact assessment that recognises how different modelling choices are connected with specific decision contexts. A criterion LCA-based framework aligned with the ISO 14044 hierarchy and tailored specifically to desalination has been developed. It guides the selection of allocation approaches based on system characteristics, integration level, and assessment objectives and is applied to assess an MLD system which co-produces desalinated water, sodium chloride, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium sulphate and hydrochloric acid. Multifunctionality was handled with system expansion and partitioning (physical and economic) approaches, resulting in different functional units. For physical and economic partitioning, the MLD system is modelled from a process and system perspective. The results indicate that the MLD system has larger environmental benefits than the reference system with system expansion. When physical and economic partitioning under different perspectives are applied, they result in different environmental burdens per co-product. The MLD system performs better than the reference system (0.005 kg CO<sub>2</sub>/kg desalinated water) only when process economic partitioning (0.003 kg CO<sub>2</sub>/kg desalinated water) is applied. Whereas, the rest co-products perform better than reference products for all partitioning approaches applied. Our results highlight the potential of brine as a secondary source of products. This study underscores the importance of selecting appropriate allocation approaches, contributing to sustainable practices in the desalination sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100328"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Hidalgo-Crespo , Paulina Golinska-Dawson , Andreas Riel
{"title":"Product-as-a-service transition for original equipment manufacturers: Challenges, performance metrics, and design guidelines – The case of electrical and electronic equipment","authors":"J. Hidalgo-Crespo , Paulina Golinska-Dawson , Andreas Riel","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Product-as-a-Service (PaaS) is a circular business model that allows original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to enhance their product offerings, and capture the economic value by cascading value retention processes like repair, reuse, refurbishment, remanufacturing, and afterward recycling. The shift from traditional product ownership models to PaaS models requires a systemic transformation in how products are designed, delivered, and supported. In this paper we focus on the PaaS models for electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) for consumer markets. To ensure successful deployment we identify four key pillars of PaaS transformation: product design, service offerings, enabling technologies and supporting infrastructure. Through this research, we explore how identified challenges can be linked to indicators and guidelines as potential solutions for each of the four pillars. By applying PRISMA and bibliometric analysis, we identified 229 challenges, 182 indicators, and 169 design barriers and categorize them within the four fundamental pillars of PaaS: products, services, technologies, and infrastructure. Our findings highlight a notable deficiency in performance indicators and design guidelines related to both infrastructure and technology, resulting in a lack of methods and tools to support the development of circular PaaS offerings and ecosystems. This study suggests relating challenges, performance indicators, and design guidelines with each other for ultimately coming up with PaaS decision guidance for both designers and decision makers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100330"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura García Herrero , Esther Sanyé Mengual , Cecilia Casonato , Giulia Listorti
{"title":"Life cycle assessment (and environmental footprint) to support food labelling schemes: an overview of current proposals and future directions","authors":"Laura García Herrero , Esther Sanyé Mengual , Cecilia Casonato , Giulia Listorti","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainability labelling gained prominence in food policy discourse in recent years, particularly in Europe, although its effectiveness in influencing consumer behaviour remains uncertain. This work explores selected sustainability food labels in the EU, reviewing sustainability indicators and the underlying life cycle assessment (LCA) methodologies. It addresses methodological approaches, and how they apply LCA with reference to the Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) method recommended by the European Commission. Four labels were identified from a comprehensive product database, focusing on labels applying LCA and quantifying multiple impacts, while an additional one was identified from the current EU panorama. An evaluation framework was developed on the relevant methodological aspects, encompassing governance, transparency, and clarity. Interviews with label developers complemented the analysis, along with a review of criticisms of LCA and PEF for labelling purposes. Four are scoring labels providing graded and colour-coded visuals, while one is still under development. Methodological adaptations to the PEF were common, and non-LCA sustainability assessments accounted for aspects such as farming management, social issues, and biodiversity. Labels varied in transparency, stakeholder involvement, and clarity. Criticisms of LCA include its reductionist approach, data gaps, and lack of robust methodologies for assessing biodiversity. While sustainability labelling is important to guide sustainable choices, labels need to be part of a broader policy mix and should be underpinned by clear goals and robust methodologies. This analysis will help to develop evidence-based policy instruments for sustainable consumption and set the basis for a harmonized labelling system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100334"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vilppu Eloranta , Aki Grönman , Ville Sihvonen , Mika Luoranen
{"title":"Exploring the potential for local energy ecosystems: A multi-criteria site identification and assessment process","authors":"Vilppu Eloranta , Aki Grönman , Ville Sihvonen , Mika Luoranen","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To meet stringent climate goals, regions in the EU need tools to facilitate the sustainable energy transition. Localized energy systems offer a promising solution. Although concepts such as energy communities have been promoted, there remains a gap in the literature and practice regarding systematic approaches to locate and evaluate sites for local energy ecosystems. We introduce a process that evaluates these ecosystem sites using four technical factors: energy consumption volume, wind and solar energy potential, and energy infrastructure availability. The process utilizes the multi-criteria decision analysis methods Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and analytic hierarchy process. We applied this approach in the region of Päijät-Häme, Finland, identifying seven potential sites, with Kujala and Nastola standing out as the alternatives having highest potential. Higher energy consumption density or solar energy availability did not always correlate with better synergy potential. Instead, the results showed that energy ecosystem potential is formed from a combination of factors, of which energy infrastructure is the most important one in the regional case. These outcomes align with prior research and indicate that the proposed factors can effectively capture energy ecosystem potential. The study provides an applicable approach for regional energy planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34616,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100326"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}