2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies最新文献

{"title":"A Deepest Depth ROV for Sediment Sampling and Its Sea Trial Result","authors":"H. Yoshida, T. Aoki, H. Osawa, S. Ishibashi, Y. Watanabe, J. Tahara, T. Miyazaki, K. Itoh","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370834","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, a number of bacteria have been found from a mud sample of Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench. Sampling those sediment samples, an ROV to the oceans' deepest depth is needed. But no vehicle gets to the deepest depth in the world. Scientists want to continuously explore the deepest parts of the oceans with a vehicle equipped with sediment samplers. JAMSTEC started developing a sediment sampling system from April 2005. The system consists of a sampling station and a sediment probe. The station contains two types of bottom samplers. One launches the probe to make a preliminary survey, launching the sampler to obtain a sample. We carried out a sea trial on January 5-7, 2007 in Sagami Bay and was successfully completed. The ROV took a mud sample by using the gravity core sampler.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131601113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergy Effects of Products and Implementation Solutions for Scientific Submarine Systems and Offshore Oil & Gas Applications","authors":"H. Ottersberg, H. Dirks, W. Rutzen, C. Unger","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370761","url":null,"abstract":"The only industrial application of submarine cables comparable to the exceptional needs of scientific observation systems is in the Offshore Oil & Gas industry. The author will describe the state-of-the-art technology used for these applications and will provide a detailed outlook for the needs and solutions of the near future. This information will not be limited to just the submarine cable and its implementation. Another focus will be on special ancillary equipment, special composite cable types and optical transmission technologies.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128735190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Control of an Underwater Manipulator for AUV","authors":"M. Ishitsuka, K. Ishii","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370800","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes development & control of underwater manipulator for autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). First, we simulated motion of the robot. We designed manipulator using magnetic coupling mechanism for waterproof, and as one module including motor and motor driver. The system of AUV was developed using module system for easy connecting, simplification of wiring and improvement of reliability of connection. Finally, we developed AUV system and manipulator.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116800066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility Study on DMFC Power Source for Underwater Vehicles","authors":"S. Takagawa","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370798","url":null,"abstract":"Power source for underwater vehicle is required to be air independent system. There are so many types of applications of various power sources, such as lead acid battery, silver-zinc battery, and recent lithium-ion battery, etc. hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell has been also applied to an AUV recently. AUV seems to be expected to become the major underwater vehicle in the future, but at the same time, tremendously long duration and/or long cruising range shall be required. It is thus necessary to have options of the power sources for this application. Fuel cell seems one of the best solutions for this purpose. Recently, development of DMFC (direct methanol fuel cell) system is underway vigorously for the application to the mobile unit, and some are already on market as outdoor power source. This paper proposes the application of DMFC as underwater power source system, and feasibility study results are shown here.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115653487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-evaluation of Linear Trend of Submarine Cable Voltages for the Study of the Toroidal Field Variation at the CMB","authors":"H. Shimizu, H. Utada","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370815","url":null,"abstract":"Trans-oceanic submarine cable of several thousands kilometers in scale can be a useful tool of geophysical measurement. One of the geophysical information expected be contained in very long baseline cable voltages is that originated due to the toroidal magnetic field at the core-mantle boundary (CMB). It is well-known that the toroidal field cannot be observed by magnetic field measurements at the surface of the Earth. Probably, indirect detection of the magnetic field via long baseline electric voltage measurements is the only way to constrain on the toroidal field observationally. In this paper, we present recent estimate of long-term variation of the electric potential observed using submarine cables. A trial to remove the motionally induced electric potential by ocean current is also presented.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127165981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct Observation of Deep-sea Animals Using a Deep Seafloor Observatory at the Depth of 3,572 m in Nankai Trough, Japan","authors":"N. Iwasaki, H. Momma","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370830","url":null,"abstract":"The Japan Marine Science and Technology Center (JAMSTEC) installed a seafloor monitoring system for monitoring submarine earthquakes, in Nankai Trough, western Japan at a depth of 3,572 meters in March 1997. It is equipped with a color video camera and six 100-watt underwater lights. 97 separate video recordings of deep-sea life were taken from May 1997 to December 1999, from two to four times a month. The observation area was 10 m2. However, the area was reduced by half caused by light trouble in October 1999. Over 71 species of deep-sea animals have been filmed in the space of four years. There is no seasonal variation in the total number. The average annual number of deep-sea animals in 1999 halved as compared to that in 1997 and 1998. It seems that the change in the total number of deep-sea animals was influenced by the reduction of the observation area. We are successful in making the first observations ever of molting, feeding, locomotion, body cleaning and defending a territory of deep-sea galatheid crabs. Threatening behaviors and fights among them were also observed. For example, two Munidopsis sp. were having an intense face-off, waving their chelae at each other and then began grappling. After rolled over, they immediately caught at each other again. It seems that they are able to square up to each other by sensing the vibrations from the waving of their chelae. In the deep-sea, where vision is impossible, a pallesthesia is an important means of communication.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126680549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of MSP430-Based Underwater Acoustic Recorder with Multi-MCU Framework","authors":"Y. Hsiao, Min-chih Huang, Chau-Chang Wang","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370948","url":null,"abstract":"Sound waves are highly conductive in the ocean; therefore, they are used in various aspects of underwater applications like, environment exploration, underwater target detection and signal transmission. For all these applications, underwater acoustic signal logging is one of the key elements of the system. In laboratory setup, data recorders are often configured on a single-board computer, industrial computer or personal computer, because the peripherals are easy to acquire and versatile in functions. However, for this approach the systems are bulky and expensive. More importantly, the power is assumed to be unlimited. Therefore this approach is not feasible for long duration operation in the field. In previous research, we already develop an underwater acoustic recorder with single low-power microcontroller. It adopts TI's low-power Micro Control Unit (MCU) MSP430F169 as the core of the system. MSP430 has built-in 12-bit A/D converter with 200 KHz sampling rate and Serial Peripherals Interface (SPI). The A/D converter digitizes the acoustic signal from the hydrophone, and throughput the data to a SD memory card via SPI. For its compactness, low-cost and low-power, the system can run long duration measurement with just eight AA alkaline cells for two to three days. However, the A/D converting thread is suspended while SPI is streaming data to SD card. In this work, we present a multi-MCU, master-slave, scalable scheme to resolve this limitation of the previous design. Multiple MCUs are used in this scheme: a master MCU, M, coordinates the sampling clock between the two units (denoted as SA and SB) which are identical MCU/SD design. As the system starts, the master MCU sends out square waves as the synchronization signal. SA is set to assume the task first. The element in the array takes turn to do the sampling at the rising edge of the clock until the buffer in each MCU is full. Then SA streams data to SD cards, and the sampling task is passed on to SB. Basically, the task is rotated between SA and SB. With this arrangement, the acoustic signal is sampled continuously but stored sequentially in MCU/SD units; and clips are stored in SA and SB alternatively. For the current setup, we implement two elements in the array. With the built-in 2K RAM in one MCU, this design is capable of streaming data at 100 KHz. One major advantage of this design is that the system is scalable in nature because the array can be augmented without modifying the circuit. For every additional element installed in the array, the data sampling and streaming rate can be increase by 50 KHz until the sampling clock limit is reached for the master unit.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125083872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurements of target strength spectra of metal spheres and live fish by using broad band sonar signals of dolphin","authors":"T. Imaizumi, M. Furusawa, T. Akamatsu, Y. Nishimori","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370759","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a method and results of measurements of the target strength (TS) spectra of metal spheres and live fish using sonar signals of dolphins with a broadband system. First, we measured the broadband form function of a tungsten carbide and a copper sphere in a water tank and confirmed good agreements with the theoretical values. Second, we measured the TS spectra of three species of anaesthetized fish in a water tank. Although the spectra showed nearly similar tendencies of past measurements, they varied considerably among the species, the individuals, and the tilt angles. Third, we measured the TS spectra of tethered live fish suspended from a ship at the sea. In this case we removed the directivity of transducers by the tungsten carbide sphere suspended near the fish. The sonar signals of dolphin are effective to measure TS spectra of fish.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124280238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser-Interferometric Broadband Seismometer for Ocean Borehole Observations","authors":"A. Araya, K. Sekiya, Y. Shindo","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370803","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed and demonstrated a borehole seismometer using a laser interferometer. With a low-frequency pendulum and feedback circuits, broadband response for long-period seismic waves can be obtained. Test observation data of the seismometer installed in a 10-m-deep borehole on land showed good agreement with data from a conventional land-based broadband seismometer above ~30 mHz. At lower frequencies, electric noise of the instrument dominates the background noise level. By reducing the electric noise, the laser seismometer will extend broadband seismic observations based on conventional vaults on land into deep or ocean-bottom boreholes.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"20 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124997597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Seafloor Seismic and Tsunami Observation System","authors":"K. Fujihashi, T. Aoki, M. Okutsu, K. Arai, T. Komori, H. Fujita, Y. Kurosawa, Y. Fujinawa, K. Sasaki","doi":"10.1109/UT.2007.370811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2007.370811","url":null,"abstract":"The Japanese islands is located at the intersection of several plates and is constantly threatened by earthquakes that occur around trenches. Thus, construction of a seafloor seismic observation network is imperative for early detection and warning of earthquakes in those areas and tsunami that accompany them. We are currently developing a seafloor seismic observation network using optical fiber sensing (OFS) technologies. OFS technologies are used to measure conditions such as strain and temperature by analyzing characteristics of reflected light or back-scattered light which occur in optical fiber when pulsed light is introduced. This system under development has seafloor seismometers (accelerometers) and tsunami detectors as its sensors connected by seafloor optical cable. Those sensors use an OFS technology called fiber Bragg grating (FBG). We have conducted laboratory tests to check basic performance of the seismometers in areas such as sensitivity, frequency characteristics, and durability. We also evaluated seismometers resistance against water pressure and dynamic squeeze when loaded in cases and connected to optical fiber. Satisfactory results were obtained in both cases. Furthermore, we have performed practical tests to confirm shock resistance and operability by actually setting seafloor seismometers on the seafloor using an underwater cable construction ship. In this paper, we provide an overview of the seafloor seismic and tsunami observation system using OFS technology and report the results of tests on seafloor seismometers (accelerometers) up to now.","PeriodicalId":345403,"journal":{"name":"2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131308470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}