Health Policy Open最新文献

{"title":"The importance of combining open-ended and closed-ended questions when conducting patient satisfaction surveys in hospitals","authors":"Keren Semyonov-Tal ,&nbsp;Noah Lewin-Epstein","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Using data obtained from the National Satisfaction Survey in General Hospitals, 2014, the present study examines patients’ satisfaction with medical care and hospitalization conditions in the public hospitals in Israel. Using the framework of ‘voice’ expression the study examines the added-value of analyzing verbal responses to gage patient satisfaction.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The analysis utilizes a series of closed-ended questions to construct indexes of patients’ satisfaction with medical doctors, nursing staff, and hospitalization conditions for a sample of 11,098 patients who were hospitalized in the 25 public hospitals. In addition, a content analysis was applied to the verbal responses (open ended question) to create categories of complaints. Using logistic regression models, we analyzed the social and demographic correlates of high satisfaction, and estimated the relationship between verbal complaints and satisfaction scores.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Analysis of the satisfaction measures shows very high levels of patient satisfaction coupled with low variance. Yet, detailed analysis of responses to an open-ended question reveals considerably more critical assessments of the hospitalization experience.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings illustrate the limitations of closed-ended satisfaction items as the sole instrument for assessing the quality of medical care and underscore the value of the use of mixed methods as a more nuanced approach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100033"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9735889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization and cost sharing for preventive cancer screenings","authors":"Nicholas Jennings,&nbsp;David O. Garcia,&nbsp;Howard Eng,&nbsp;Elizabeth Calhoun","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) eliminated cost sharing for certain preventive cancer screenings beginning in September 2010. This paper examines the policy change’s impact on three preventive screenings, mammography, colonoscopy, and cervical screening, among commercially insured individuals.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A retrospective longitudinal quasi-experimental design was utilized. Individuals in grandfathered plans were used as a comparison group because grandfathered plans are not subject to the preventive cost sharing benefit changes of the ACA. A multivariate logistic regression model matched individuals in treatment and comparison groups via propensity scoring. Monthly prevalence rates over the study period (2007–2014) were calculated as well as prevalence rates for the proportion of procedures with greater than 0 cost sharing. An interrupted time series regression analysis was conducted with the primary outcome variable the rate of preventive service utilization per person per month.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The overall trend in utilization of preventive mammography and cervical cancer screening slightly decreased as a result of the ACA cost sharing benefit policy change. There was a non-significant decrease for colonoscopy utilization as a result of the ACA policy change.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The ACA’s cost benefit policy change is not having the desired impact of increasing preventive screening utilization. Further research is needed to determine whether providing educational materials covering the cost sharing benefit at policy enrollment might increase procedure uptake.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100044"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9735891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health-care guidelines and policies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico: A case of health-inequalities","authors":"Elysse Bautista-González ,&nbsp;Jimena Werner-Sunderland ,&nbsp;Paulina Pérez-Duarte Mendiola ,&nbsp;Cesar Jeronimo Esquinca-Enríquez-de-la-Fuente ,&nbsp;Daniela Bautista-Reyes ,&nbsp;Maria Fernanda Maciel-Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Inkel Murguía-Arechiga ,&nbsp;Cecilia Vindrola-Padros ,&nbsp;Manuel Urbina-Fuentes","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2020.100025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2020.100025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Heterogeneous government responses have been reported in reaction to COVID-19. The aim of this study is to generate an exploratory review of healthcare policies published during COVID-19 by health-care institutions in Mexico. Analyzing policies within different health sub-systems becomes imperative in the Mexican case due to the longstanding fragmentation of the health-care system and health inequalities.</p></div><div><h3>Data and Methods</h3><p>Policies purposely included in the analysis were published by four public health institutions (IMSS, ISSSTE, SSA and PEMEX) during the COVID-19 epidemic in Mexico (from February 29th to June 15th, 2020) on official institutional websites. Researchers reviewed each document and classified them into seven policy categories set by the Rapid Research Evaluation and Appraisal Lab (RREAL): public health response, health-care delivery, human resources, health-system infrastructure and supplies, clinical response, health-care management, and epidemiological surveillance.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Policy types varied by health institution. The largest number of policies were aimed at public health responses followed by health-care delivery and human resources. Policies were mainly published during the community transmission phase.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The pandemic exposed underlying health-care system inequalities and a reactive rather than prepared response to the outbreak. Additionally, this study outlines potential policy gaps and delays in the response that could be avoided in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100025"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hpopen.2020.100025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10057167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the ex-post moral hazard of laboratory services in Iran","authors":"Seyed Alireza Otobideh,&nbsp;Hasan Yusefzadeh,&nbsp;Siamak Aghlmand,&nbsp;Cyrus Alinia","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The basic health insurances cover more than 90% of the Iranian population but have failed to organize the referral system and created favorable conditions for the ex-post moral hazard. Five hundred fifty people older than 15 years were randomly selected in five districts of Urmia city and completed the questionnaire to study the existence of Ex-post moral hazard in utilizing the high-consumption laboratory services (blood and urine tests). In this population-based cross-sectional study, utilization of the services in two groups of insured and uninsured people was analyzed using odds ratio statistics and logistic regression. The findings showed that being female (OR: 2.38) and having health insurance (OR: 2.03) played a very determinative role in obtaining selected laboratory services, and about 9% of the laboratory services provided were caused by ex-post moral hazard. The predicted size of ex-post moral hazard is significant, so its control requires modifying health insurance policies in determining the premium and cost-sharing schemes and controlling physicians' behavior as the principal applicants for these services.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10112953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tobacco control policies in India were unable to address inequities in Tobacco-related harm","authors":"Rohini Ruhil","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) India 2016–17 has shown that increased regulations over time impacted tobacco use culture, which opened the doors for further regulation, making it an iterative process. But do the ‘tobacco control policies’ reach till most deprived sections of society? This paper tries to answer this question.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this paper, the relative reduction in tobacco use prevalence is seen (from 2009 to 10 to 2016–17) across different levels of material deprivation and educational attainment. The relative reduction in prevalence/ use of various forms of smoking and smokeless tobacco products was also studied.</p><p>Material Deprivation as a new index was computed, where the weightage was given to various variables related to household ownership of various material things as available in data sets of GATS Survey. The recoded variables were then added and further categorised into six levels of material deprivation where Level 1 corresponds to least deprived and Level 6 corresponds to most deprived.</p><p>The relative reduction in the prevalence of tobacco use was calculated with the formula [(P1-P2)/P1]*100, where P1 is the prevalence of tobacco use (smoking or smokeless) during GATS1 (2009–10), and P2 is the prevalence of tobacco use (smoking or smokeless) during GATS2 (2016–17).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>It has been shown that the higher the level of material deprivation, the lesser the relative reduction in the prevalence of tobacco use. The relative reduction in tobacco use was more for higher levels of educational attainment. It has been found that relative reduction is more for smoking products as compared to smokeless tobacco (SLT) products. Khaini and Bidis are emerging as popular products, which are least regulated by existing tobacco control policies.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The reduction in the prevalence of tobacco use from GATS1 to GATS2 is inequitous across levels of material deprivation and levels of educational attainment by individuals. Also, there is a tendency for product substitution among tobacco users.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100053"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/82/3f/main.PMC10297741.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9734400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient negligence in healthcare systems: Accountability model formulation","authors":"Tarek Moukalled,&nbsp;Ali Elhaj","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Being an element of healthcare malpractice, negligence resides as a threat to patient safety, a source of distress to healthcare providers, an economic burden, and an impediment to healthcare improvement. During an age where compliance becomes a necessity, accountability realization remains a hindrance facing the resolution of patient negligence cases. This manuscript intends to create a standardized and well-structured accountability model that tackles patient negligence in healthcare systems. A random sample of 41 hospitals (33 private and 8 public) – representing more than 25% of hospitals in Lebanon – was selected for participation in interviews discussing compliance and accountability against patient negligence in healthcare. Of the selected 41 hospitals, 21 interviews were approved and conducted with hospitals representatives (16 private and 5 public) covering around 13% of hospitals in Lebanon. The formulated model represents an unbiased approach in pinpointing accountability against patient negligence through choosing a suitable resolution system, deciding on sanctions, and determining compensations. Further testing of the model is recommended for verification of its applicability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100037"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9735894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crippling SARS-CoV-2 vaccine supply crunch, vaccination target and scope in Bangladesh","authors":"Md. Samiul Islam ,&nbsp;Sultana Parvin ,&nbsp;Md Bahauddin Al Mamun","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100054","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100054"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ec/7e/main.PMC8496918.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39537838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-communicable chronic diseases: Mortality of older adult citizens in Brazil and Italy before the Covid-19 pandemic","authors":"Vicente Paulo Alves ,&nbsp;Regina Célia de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Dario Gregori","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this study was to outline the main non-communicable chronic diseases that led older people to death in Brazil and Italy before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic according to age gaps and region of residence. This study has identified that the highest mortality rate among Brazilian and Italian women took place in lower-income areas, potentially due to insufficient public policies to increase income and improve health, which would in turn reduce the risk of chronic diseases and increase life expectancy. Men showed higher mortality rates in different regions, and tended to die earlier. Our results highlight socioeconomic differences in the areas with the highest death rates due to non-communicable chronic diseases, emphasizing the relevance of public policies to meet the needs of the overall population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100041"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10112952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on “Drivers of health in sub-Saharan Africa”. A dynamic panel analysis","authors":"Mwoya Byaro","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100034"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9734402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Too stringent or too Lenient: Antecedents and consequences of perceived stringency of COVID-19 policies in the United States","authors":"Sanguk Lee,&nbsp;Tai-Quan Peng,&nbsp;Maria Knight Lapinski,&nbsp;Monique Mitchell Turner,&nbsp;Youjin Jang,&nbsp;Andrea Schaaf","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the United States, federal and local governments have attempted to contain the spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) by implementing a variety of policies such as stay-at-home orders and mask mandates. Perceptions can influence behaviors; therefore, it is important to understand how people perceive the stringency of COVID-19 policies, what factors shape perceived policy stringency, and whether and how policy perceptions impact the practice of prevention behaviors. With rolling-cross sectional survey data collected in the US from June to October 2020 and other external sources of data, the study examines the impact of objective risk of the pandemic, information seeking, and political ideology at the individual and the state levels on perceived policy stringency, and the impact of perceived policy stringency on prevention behaviors such as mask wearing and social distancing. The findings reveal that objective risk and political ideology are significantly associated with perceived policy stringency. The perceived policy stringency has negative associations with prevention behaviors. The findings provide important implications for the development process of compulsory public health policies during the pandemic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100047"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39221844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}