AARN: Africa (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Appraising Response to the Plight of Victims of Natural Disasters in Nigeria: Challenges and Prospects","authors":"Paul Andrew Gwaza","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2483014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2483014","url":null,"abstract":"This presentation analyses the multi-dimensional responses to the plight of victims of natural disasters in Nigeria, especially in the face of inadequate or ineffective disaster prevention, preparedness, mitigation and response mechanism. In articulating this position, the presentation examines risk and/or vulnerability level of the victims of natural disasters by reviewing the interconnection between natural hazards and other factors that tend to heighten or intensify the plight of victims, thereby increasing the number of casualties and exacerbate the propensity for displacement, dislocation or disruption. One of such factors that impedes on disaster prevention, preparedness, mitigation and responsiveness in Nigeria is the lack of advanced equipments and technical know-how in public institutions to effectively response to disasters. While disaster responsiveness are quicker, efficient, effective and robust in advanced countries, they are slower and inefficient in Nigeria where the natural disasters further accentuated the existing vulnerabilities of the populace. This paper also interrogates the socio-economic situation in Nigeria, as compounded by poverty, unemployment, illiteracy, etc.","PeriodicalId":344998,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Africa (Topic)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134103907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Income Heterogeneity and Environmental Kuznets Curve in Africa","authors":"Adeyemi A. Ogundipe, P. Alege, Oluwatomisin M. Ogundipe","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2476358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2476358","url":null,"abstract":"The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis asserts that pollution levels rises as a country develops, but reaches a certain threshold where pollution begins to fall with increasing income. In EKC analysis, the relationship between environmental degradation and income is usually expressed as a quadratic function with turning point occurring at a maximum pollution level. The study seeks to examine the pattern and nature of EKC in Africa and major income groups according to World Bank classification comprising low income, lower middle income and upper middle income in Africa. In ensuring the robustness of our study; the paper proceeded by ascertaining the nature of EKC in all fifty-three countries of Africa in order to confirm the results obtained from basic and augmented EKC model. The study could not validate EKC hypothesis in Africa (combined), low income and upper middle income but empirical and analytical evidences supports the existence of EKC in lower middle income countries. Likewise, evidences from the robustness checks confirmed the findings from the basic and augmented EKC model. The study could not attain a reasonable turning point as there are evidences that Africa could be turning on the EKC at lower levels of income. Also, there is need to strengthen institutions in order to enforce policies that prohibits environmental pollution and ensure pro-poor development.","PeriodicalId":344998,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Africa (Topic)","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124442119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tanzania in the Face of International Trade: The Analysis of Revealed Comparative Advantage from 2009 to 2012","authors":"Nuran Ally Mwasha, Zabibu Kweka","doi":"10.11648/J.IJBER.20140301.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJBER.20140301.13","url":null,"abstract":"Tanzania is the most promising current and the destination market for the world trade due to its copious resources and strategic location. It is well known in the region as the trade hub as it provides the influential and suitable trade solutions and investments. The aspiration of this paper is to analyse the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) for the topmost export sectors and commodities in Tanzania from 2009 to 2012 by inspecting and evaluating its potency and competence in the world market compared to exports from other countries. Balassa’s index of Comparative advantage (RCA) was utilized to demonstrate the competitive sectors and commodities comparative advantage together with export data from UN com-trade and International Trade Centre (ITC). The outcomes show that Tanzania has significantly strong comparative advantages in sectors of traditional cash crops such as coffee, tea and spices and commodities found in mineral resources as the leading export sector and commodities for the period of four years with RCA greater than one. However, many sectors demonstrated lower RCA compared to individual commodities and the export products have been waning every year, the situation that needs the government to initiate the immediate measures to overcome such problem.","PeriodicalId":344998,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Africa (Topic)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124065146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between House Prices and Real Estate Financing in Kenya","authors":"Daniel Jumbale Kitti","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2393911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2393911","url":null,"abstract":"In many countries, house price fluctuations which have been witnessed by the several booms and busts over the past two decades have been associated with financial instability. The degree to which such house price booms and busts have led to financial instability differs among countries because of the important differences in countries’ housing systems and the role that the government plays. The recent financial crisis has led to accelerated housing defaults in the U.S as well as in other countries, with millions of residential properties having negative equity mortgages with the outstanding loan balances being greater than the property value. Property prices in the Kenyan market have not been spared by the crisis being experienced. The Hass property index has been tracking property prices in the ‘upper and middle’ sectors of the Kenyan property market and has seen the average price in this sector rise from Ksh 15 million in 2006 to Ksh 20 million in 2010. The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between house prices and real estate financing in Kenya. Causal study design was employed in this research. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample. The study purposively selected a total of 20 respondents who formed the sample size of this study. The researcher administered a survey questionnaire to each member of the target population. Secondary data was collected for this study. Quantitative data collected was analyzed by the use of descriptive statistics using SPSS latest version (20.0). Regression analysis was done to establish the relationship between growth in Real Estate financing and house prices. The study found that the changes in housing prices are positively and significantly related to the long-term evolution of real estate financing. This result suggests that the evolution of housing prices is not triggered by bank real estate lending and that banks just accommodate real estate financing to the evolution of house prices. Though the study shows a bi-directional causality it concludes that the real estate market does not really affect housing price changes rather changes in housing prices do affect the amount of real estate financing.","PeriodicalId":344998,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Africa (Topic)","volume":"213 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131476382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing Economic Growth From Structural Unobserved Component Modeling: The Case of Senegal","authors":"S. Bates, C. Ndiaye","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2279630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2279630","url":null,"abstract":"Using the structural unobserved component (UC) modeling, this study will analyze the Senegalese economic growth path after 5 decades of independence by focusing on the potential output, the GDP cycle, and the type of shocks on the GDP. Empirical evidence suggests that an inventory cycle mainly drives the GDP short-term component with a time-varying extent of fluctuations. The main sources of shocks result from external determining factors. However, their persistent effects have been mitigated particularly since the devaluation of 1994. International institutions have motivated the relative successful GDP growth path of Senegal. Nevertheless, some structural internal improvements are needed to balance the financial and productive flaws in order to consolidate both the resilience to shocks as well as the macroeconomic stabilization.","PeriodicalId":344998,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Africa (Topic)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126568657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Camp to Slum: The Politics of Urban Displacement in Gulu Town, Uganda","authors":"Adam Branch","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3018515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3018515","url":null,"abstract":"For most of northern Uganda’s two-decade civil war, which lasted from 1986 until 2006, Gulu was an island of relative security in the midst of the violence that wracked the rest of Acholiland.1 Although a centre of internal displacement, with over 130,000 people crowded into a space meant for a quarter that number,2 the town remained mostly isolated from the massive devastation in the countryside. While the streets of Gulu were generally safe even at night, one had only to pass a military roadblock and leave town to enter a zone of unpredictable violence, where tens of thousands were killed, tens of thousands abducted, and waves of humanitarian crises left perhaps over 100,000 civilians dead – civilians who, like in many of today’s “dirty wars,” were the main target of the extreme violence by both Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) rebels and the Ugandan military alike. Gulu was even spared in large part the internal conflict and upheaval that often characterise such scenes of massive displacement and deprivation.","PeriodicalId":344998,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Africa (Topic)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126325150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}