{"title":"Self-assembled Optical Diffraction Patterns for Applications in Water Quality Monitoring","authors":"Swapna A. Jaywant, K. Arif, J. Potgieter, E. Avci","doi":"10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047737","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a novel method with unique surface modification technique to detect dissolved arsenite contamination of water. It features self-assembled patterns of thiol ligand like glutathione (GSH) on the gold-coated glass. Thiol easily binds with gold through Au-S linkage. In addition to this, As(III) has an affinity towards amino acids, amines, peptides and organic micro-molecules due to As-O or As-S linkages. Hence, GSH binds with gold-coated glass and arsenic. The patterns are obtained through a micro-contact printing (µCP) procedure. When these patterns are exposed to arsenic-contaminated water, the arsenic layer forms on the GSH pattern which produces an optical diffraction grating for the detection system. These self-assembled optical diffraction patterns can detect dissolved arsenite up to 20 µg/L. Our findings suggest that the proposed method can also be used for detection of a variety of other metallic and pathogenic contaminants like E. coli for water Quality monitoring.","PeriodicalId":344937,"journal":{"name":"2019 13th International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133107096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. R. Sahith, Srinivasa Raju Rudraraju, A. Negi, N. Suryadevara
{"title":"Mesh WSN Data Aggregation and Face Identification in Fog Computing Framework","authors":"S. R. Sahith, Srinivasa Raju Rudraraju, A. Negi, N. Suryadevara","doi":"10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047708","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims to aggregate data from various sensors in a mesh topology based Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). It analyzes this data using fog computing framework to trigger alerts. The WSN consists of nodes with several sensors like temperature sensor, potentiometer and light emitting diode connected with radio communication module XBee. The sensor nodes are connected in mesh topology for better reliability and using ZigBee protocol mechanism. The Fog gateway node collects the sensor data from several sensor nodes. The WSN also includes Pi Camera and passive infrared sensor augmented with Philips Hue Lights. Hue Light gives a visual indication of motion detection, using ON/OFF states. Pi camera captures image whenever any motion is detected. The captured images are used for face recognition by applying Eigenfaces method. The AI algorithm is applied on the aggregated temperature sensor data, at the Fog node level, to determine the adaptive threshold. If the temperature data from any sensor node is above the threshold value an alert message is triggered. The proposed system is run continuously for data collection and the functionality of the system is tested with various inputs and the results are encouraging.","PeriodicalId":344937,"journal":{"name":"2019 13th International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"54 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132548596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. S. Kupssinskü, T. T. Guimarães, Rafael de Freitas, E. Souza, Pedro Rossa, A. M. Junior, M. Veronez, L. G. D. Silveira, C. Cazarin, F. F. Mauad
{"title":"Prediction of chlorophyll-a and suspended solids through remote sensing and artificial neural networks","authors":"L. S. Kupssinskü, T. T. Guimarães, Rafael de Freitas, E. Souza, Pedro Rossa, A. M. Junior, M. Veronez, L. G. D. Silveira, C. Cazarin, F. F. Mauad","doi":"10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047682","url":null,"abstract":"Total suspended solids (TSS) and chlorophyll-a concentration are two critical parameters to monitor water quality. Since directly collecting samples for laboratory analysis can be expensive, the technique proposed in this paper takes another approach. TSS and chlorophyll-a are optically active components therefore enable measures through remote sensing. Using data from both Sentinel-2 spectral images and laboratory analysis, an artificial neural network was trained to predict the concentration of TSS and chlorophyll-a. The predictions were evaluated using the R2 coefficient, where TSS and chlorophyll-a achieved values of 0.7 and 0.72, respectively.","PeriodicalId":344937,"journal":{"name":"2019 13th International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127516783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Loop Control Design to Achieve Boundary Conduction Mode in DC-DC Power Converter for Maximizing Efficiency","authors":"Van-Quyet Nguyen, Kim-Hoang Nguyen, Huy-Dung Han, Phuoc-Van Nguyen Thi, L. Pham-Nguyen","doi":"10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047693","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a loop control design for different DC-DC power converter operating in Boundary Conduction Mode is studied. The loop control circuit including a pulse frequency modulator allows the converter to adapt its switching frequency to load variations to maximize efficiency. Cadence simulation results using practical switch and circuit component models show that a buck converter employing the loop control circuit achieves a peak efficiency of 97.7% that is ~4 % higher than that of the conventional ones. The full loop control offers an increasing of efficiency at high load from 1 to 3% for a 4-to-l Dickson converter comparing to the same converter with only a PWM closed-loop with fixed dead-time.","PeriodicalId":344937,"journal":{"name":"2019 13th International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114340203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of English and Chinese Speech Recognition Using High-Density Electromyography","authors":"Mingxing Zhu, Zijian Yang, Jiashuo Zhuang, Xiaochen Wang, Lin Lu, Haoshi Zhang, Jianping Huang, Hanjie Deng, Peng Shang, Guoru Zhao, Wanzhang Yang, Shixiong Chen, Guanglin Li","doi":"10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047706","url":null,"abstract":"Speaking different languages requires different ways of pronunciation, and the muscular activities associated with phonation show different articulation styles. Therefore, clarifying the contributions of the articulatory muscles in different regions, such as the face and neck, is helpful for automatic speech recognition. However, it remains unclear how the articulatory muscles at different positions affect the classification accuracies of speech recognition across different languages. In this study, the technique of high-density surface electromyography (HD sEMG) was proposed to investigate the role of different articulatory muscles in classifying English and Chinese speaking tasks, respectively. The HD sEMG signals were recorded by 120 electrodes evenly placed on the facial and neck muscles across six subjects while they were speaking five English and Chinese daily words. Four time-domain features were extracted from sEMG recordings and used to construct a linear-discriminant-analysis classifier for speech recognition. The results showed that the classification accuracies of using neck sEMG were higher than that of using facial sEMG in both English and Chinese recognition tasks. The accuracies for Chinese speaking tasks were significantly higher than that for English when using facial sEMG only. Moreover, there was no significant difference in accuracies between the two types of languages when using neck sEMG. This study might provide useful information about the contributions of different articulatory muscles, and pave the way for automatic speech recognition across different languages for patients with dysarthria.","PeriodicalId":344937,"journal":{"name":"2019 13th International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132002754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pinanshu Garg, Prateek Kumar, Kshitij Shakya, D. Khurana, S. R. Chowdhury
{"title":"Detection of Brain Stroke using Electroencephalography (EEG)","authors":"Pinanshu Garg, Prateek Kumar, Kshitij Shakya, D. Khurana, S. R. Chowdhury","doi":"10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047678","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on identifying an approach to identify stroke non-invasively and cost-effectively using Electroencephalography (EEG). Brain stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted and brain cells are deprived of oxygen and nutrients and they begin to collapse. In order to detect a brain stroke, generally a CT scan or MRI is done to identify that specific region. Due to high cost of CT-scan/MRI, we wanted to find an alternative approach that is low cost and effective also. So, CT-scan/MRI and EEG data of the patients suffering from stroke within 48 hours after the onset was taken. The current research analysis is based on detecting the electrical current density different regions of the brain and comparing it with CT-scan/MRI images. Cross-sectional studies show the electrical current density of the cortical surface under hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke conditions. All the patients were examined hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke based on CT-scan/MRI.","PeriodicalId":344937,"journal":{"name":"2019 13th International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"378 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131800246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Calcium-Alginate Microbeads as Cell Deformability Sensors","authors":"Jifeng Ren, Raymond H. W. Lam","doi":"10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047703","url":null,"abstract":"Promising cancer detection is critical for selection of effective cancer treatment. Traditional techniques for cancer diagnosis are generally complex and inaccurate. There are studies reporting that mechanical properties of cells can be biomarkers, offering an effective way to detect cancer at a single cell level. Existing techniques for distinguishing cancer cells through elasticity are typically limited to non-institutive and low throughput. In this work, elastic-modulated calcium-alginate microbeads are developed as cell elastic sensors for distinguishing cancer cells from normal cells using microfluidic devices. The classification of nasopharyngeal epithelial cells (NP460) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (NPC43) was achieved through comparisons of penetration lengths of cells and microbeads with similar sizes in the confining channels. Microbeads functions as a reference elasticity marker to differentiate harder and softer cells. In short, our technique can provide a simplified approach for cancer cell classification. After further optimizing and refining the microbeads, it can be compatible with clinical diagnosis applications.","PeriodicalId":344937,"journal":{"name":"2019 13th International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133249584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Akhter, Sam Khadivizand, Jordan Lodyga, H. R. Siddiquei, M. Alahi, S. Mukhopadhyay
{"title":"Design and Development of an IoT enabled Pedestrian Counting and Environmental Monitoring System for a Smart City","authors":"F. Akhter, Sam Khadivizand, Jordan Lodyga, H. R. Siddiquei, M. Alahi, S. Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047695","url":null,"abstract":"A novel method for pedestrian counting using passive infrared (PIR) sensors is proposed and the corresponding system has been designed and developed. The inclusion of an environmental combo sensor in the proposed pedestrian counting system enabled environmental monitoring such as temperature, humidity, pressure, Carbon di Oxide (CO2) and Total Volatile Organic Component (TVOC). The detection lengths of the PIR sensors are varied by tuning the Field of View (FoV) of the Fresnel lens to differentiate the movements of humans and animals. A novel method is applied to locate the PIR sensors in the designed mould so that their coverage regions do not overlap. The sensor data are transmitted to the Thingspeak server via Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) communication protocol. The system is powered by a 6000 mAh rechargeable battery which is charged by the solar panel during day time enabling continuous data collection. The system's results are validated against manual counting and it is seen that more than 90% accuracy can be achieved by this intelligent system.","PeriodicalId":344937,"journal":{"name":"2019 13th International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125195151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanami Saito, F. Kusunoki, S. Inagaki, H. Mizoguchi
{"title":"Novel Application of an RGB-D Camera for Face-Direction Measurements and Object Detection: Towards Understanding Museum Visitors' Experiences","authors":"Nanami Saito, F. Kusunoki, S. Inagaki, H. Mizoguchi","doi":"10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047675","url":null,"abstract":"Gaze measurement techniques can be used to understand the experiences of visitors at museums. In previous research, researchers used a wearable sensor such as an eye tracker to estimate what a visitor was looking at. Although it is possible to measure this experimentally by using a wearable sensor, it is difficult to measure the experience of all museum visitors with such an approach. Therefore, in this study, we propose a method for measuring visitors' experiences with non-wearable type sensors. In this method, we measure the face direction, which is said to be related to the gaze direction of the visitors, by using non-wearable Kinect sensors. We also have to detect objects because we need information about what people are looking at to measure the visitors' experiences. In this paper, we describe the method to estimate the gaze target of the visitor, which is referred to as the visitor's experience, based on the face-direction measurements and object detection data collected simultaneously, and an experiment is conducted to evaluate its effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":344937,"journal":{"name":"2019 13th International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116907328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sukgyu Koh, B. Cho, Junkyu Park, Chang-Hyun Kim, Suwoong Lee
{"title":"A Fundamental Experiment on Contact Position Estimation on Vision based Dome-type Soft Tactile Sensor using Ready-made Medium","authors":"Sukgyu Koh, B. Cho, Junkyu Park, Chang-Hyun Kim, Suwoong Lee","doi":"10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICST46873.2019.9047714","url":null,"abstract":"Tactile sensors are critical components in robotics fields. Recently, soft tactile sensor utilizing vision is actively developed for safe human machine interaction. Some researches use novel custom-made medium in order to achieve tactile sensing. Deep learning can recognize pattern from any vision data when it has sufficient dataset, i.e., the system does not require specific pattern embedded hardware for the pattern recognition. To achieve soft tactile sensor's economical application for robot fingers, this paper presents a fundamental experiment on contract position estimation on vision based dome-type soft tactile sensor utilizing ready-made silicon as a medium and convolutional neural network. In order to estimate and classify the contact position, convolutional neural network (CNN) was applied. The modified VGGNet architecture was coded using Tensorflow and Keras. 1000 images were taken to train the modified VGG network; 200 images were taken for each neutral, left, right, lower, upper direction. For each direction, fingertip, pencil, ruler, and table corner were utilized to capture various situations. After checking the results of the test set, the trained model was applied to the embedded board and checked the contact position estimation in real-time. The experiment showed high accuracy on classifying the con-tact position of the vision based dome-type soft tactile sensor in real time. This contact position estimation system will be critical for the finger-typed robots since the system is reasonably small and it will reduce significant amount of manufacturing cost for the safe human machine interaction system. For the future work, we will acquire more image data and apply more advanced network architecture to improve accuracy.","PeriodicalId":344937,"journal":{"name":"2019 13th International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126905182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}