Transportation Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Spatio-temporal analysis of road traffic crashes by severity","authors":"Wondwossen Taddesse Gedamu ,&nbsp;Uwe Plank-Wiedenbeck ,&nbsp;Bikila Teklu Wodajo","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding road traffic crashes' spatial and temporal dynamics is essential for targeted safety interventions. Prior studies often rely on spatial units like junctions, road segments, traffic analysis zones, or broad urban-rural classifications. However, this dichotomy limits insights into crash patterns along the urban-periphery continuum. This study analyzes three years of georeferenced crash data from Addis Ababa using equally spaced radial zones from the crash center as spatial units. A combination of descriptive statistics, nonmetric multidimensional scaling, and multinomial logistic regression was employed to investigate spatial and temporal crash patterns, while the Knox test was applied to identify statistically significant spatio-temporal clustering. Results indicate minor injury crashes are more frequent in inner-city, whereas fatal and serious crashes dominate peripheral zones. Nighttime crashes, particularly in late evening hours, are more lethal in inner and intermediate zones, while fatal crashes in peripheral areas primarily occur during the daytime. Vehicle-pedestrian collisions pose the highest risk, followed by rear-end, sideswipe, and head-on crashes. Fatal and serious crashes are significantly more likely on weekends and at night, with severity increasing with distance from the city center. The Knox test confirms strong spatiotemporal clustering of fatal crashes within a two-week window and 100m-150 m range at 99.9 % confidence. For spatial ranges of 200m-300 m, clusters persist for 59–71 days. Clusters at 500m-1250 m thresholds emerge within 13–27 days, with 1000m-1250 m ranges exhibiting similar patterns. The findings highlight the limitations of the urbanrural dichotomy and emphasize alternative zoning methods for improved spatial and temporal analysis in road safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model-free estimation of friction coefficient for pneumatic braking systems","authors":"William Midgley ,&nbsp;James Fleming ,&nbsp;Mohammad Otoofi","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compared to hydraulic braking systems, estimation of tyre-road friction coefficient is more challenging for pneumatic braking systems due to their more complex dynamics. For the first time, model-free machine learning estimators have been developed to determine the peak available friction between a vehicle’s wheels and the stopping surface for a pneumatic braking system. These three model-free estimators – a support vector machine, a shallow neural network and a convolutional neural network – were compared against a model-based sliding-mode observer. In tests on unseen, real-world data gathered from a truck on a test track, the model-free estimators outperformed the sliding-mode observer by 33.3%, 38.3% and 34.6%, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143636833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robustness evaluation of a physical internet-based intermodal logistic network","authors":"Federico Gallo ,&nbsp;Alireza Shahedi ,&nbsp;Angela Di Febbraro ,&nbsp;Mahnam Saeednia ,&nbsp;Nicola Sacco","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Physical Internet (PI) paradigm, which has gained attention in research and academia in recent years, leverages advanced logistics and interconnected networks to revolutionise the way goods are transported and delivered, thereby enhancing efficiency, reducing costs and delays, and minimising environmental impact. Within this system, <em>PI-hubs</em> function similarly to cross-docks, enabling the splitting of PI-containers into smaller <em>modules</em> for delivery through a network of interconnected hubs. This allows dynamic routing optimisation and efficient consolidation of PI-containers. However, the impact of system parameters and relevant uncertainties on the performance of this innovative logistics framework is still unclear. For this reason, this work proposes a robustness analysis to understand how the PI logistics framework is affected by the handling, consolidation, and processing of PI-containers at PI-hubs. To this end, the considered PI logistics system is represented via a mathematical programming model that determines the best allocation of PI-containers in an intermodal setting with different transportation modes. In doing so, four Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are separately considered to investigate different aspects of the PI system’s performance, and the relevant robustness is assessed with respect to the PI-hub processing times and the number of modules per PI-container. In particular, a Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) is performed to evaluate, through a case study, the individual relevance of each input parameter on the resulting performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and fabrication of a power system with a swinging cylinder: a hinged cylinder-piston layout of pendulum motion","authors":"Hadi Taghavifar","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new arrangement of the engine is introduced where the cylinder revolves around the hinged structure to let the normal force be exerted on the connecting rod. It is proven that in this case, up to 26.3 % extra force can be obtained compared to a conventional design. In this design, constant maintenance such as lubrication, cooling due to intensive friction, and piston-cylinder sealing is reduced. When the cylinder is hinged, it runs more smoothly, and under the same 1 bar input pressure, the engine speed is 60 rpm more than that of an engine in the conventional configuration. This demonstrates the efficiency of the hinged-cylinder configuration. The consolidated connecting rod/piston assembly in a freely revolving cylindrical duct has a DOF = 2, showing the design's full practical potential. To prove the validity of the proposed power system, the multibody dynamic simulation of assembly is implemented in ADAMS, which again confirms higher force applied to the shaft (F_hinged ≈ 7.5 kN &gt; F_fixed ≈ 1.28 kN).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of multi-criteria decision analysis for optimal siting of electric vehicle charging stations in Oklahoma","authors":"Khondhaker Al Momin,&nbsp;Arif Mohaimin Sadri,&nbsp;Kanthasamy K. Muraleetharan,&nbsp;Richard Campos,&nbsp;P. Scott Harvey","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) necessitates a well-planned and resilient charging infrastructure to support widespread accessibility. This study presents a systematic, data-driven framework for optimal electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) site selection by integrating multi-criteria decision analysis (AHP &amp; Fuzzy-AHP), spatial optimization using Voronoi diagrams, and sensitivity analysis. Key decision factors include accessibility, vehicle ownership density, proximity to points of interest and resilience to environmental hazards such as floods and wildfires. AHP and Fuzzy-AHP suitability maps are compared to identify areas of agreement and uncertainty, leading to an integrated suitability map that enhances decision-making confidence. A Voronoi-based spatial optimization approach is then employed to iteratively refine EVCS placement, ensuring fair coverage and minimizing redundancy. Results indicate that urban EVCS should be spaced every 6-10 km apart to accommodate high trip frequency, while rural areas require stations every 15-20 km, with additional placements at highway junctions to prevent accessibility gaps. The study also highlights the importance of a location specific charging mix, recommending Level 2 chargers for residential and workplace settings and DC Fast Chargers for highways and high-traffic areas. Beyond spatial optimization, this study emphasizes the importance of an adaptive, phased deployment strategy, where EVCS expansion is guided by real-world demand rather than static planning assumptions. The proposed framework is scalable and transferable, providing a replicable methodology for EVCS planning across diverse geographic regions. By bridging the gap between theoretical models and practical deployment, this study contributes to the development of a resilient and demand-responsive EV charging network.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis and modelling of DC fast-charging profiles of heterogeneous EVs","authors":"Toni Simolin ,&nbsp;Pertti Järventausta ,&nbsp;Mario Paolone","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electric vehicles (EVs) fast-charging is a crucial enabler for the smooth electrification of the private mobility. In the available literature, studies related to fast-charging have been mainly focusing on the optimal sizing/placement and/or operation of the related infrastructure. However, little effort is made to develop methods to model the fast-charging process of EVs with heterogeneous characteristics and where no other information, like ambient temperature and EV specifications, are available. This paper aims to fill this gap by proposing a fast-charging profile model based on the analysis of real-world level 3 charging measurements available open source. The proposed model is compared to existing ones proposed in the literature. The proposed model yields an RMSE of 15.5 kW for charging power and 9.2 min for charging duration modelling, which are both more than 25 % lower than those of existing methods. Consequently, the proposed model can be used by planners and operators requiring the knowledge of accurate EV fast-charging profiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a sustainable urban mobility: comparing online and in-store shopping choices","authors":"Francesco Piras ,&nbsp;Gianfranco Fancello ,&nbsp;Antonio Comi","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, e-shopping has gained increasing popularity, with more people gradually shifting from traditional shopping channels to online platforms causing significant impacts on city sustainability due to small, frequent, sprawled, and failed deliveries. In fact, due to the necessity of using sometimes-inefficient delivery trips to deliver products to consumers (such as at their residences), this can have a substantial influence on freight traffic in metropolitan regions. Using data from interviews with 509 respondents carried out in Sardinia (Italy) in 2022, the current study investigates how end consumers’ choices between online and physical (in-store) shopping are related. In doing this, two different econometrics models for simulating online and in-store shopping were constructed: a multivariate ordered probit model to understand which covariates influence the propensity to purchase different kinds of products online and in-store; a binary probit model to identify who is more likely to reduce the number of trips due to e-shopping. From the descriptive statistical analysis, it emerged that a majority of individuals in the sample (62.3 %) reduced their number of physical shopping trips due to e-shopping (substitution effect). The multivariate ordered probit model shows that socio-demographic characteristics, land-use attributes, and psychological variables significantly influence shopping behavior. Specifically, the perception of online shopping accessibility and quality positively correlates with the likelihood of purchasing certain product categories online. Conversely, the perceived importance of touching products and in-store safety positively affects in-store shopping preferences. Additionally, positive correlation terms among online and in-store shopping tendencies for the same product categories suggest that consumers inclined to buy certain items online are also more likely to purchase them in-store. The binary probit model highlights substantial heterogeneity in the likelihood of reducing physical shopping trips. Individuals with more experience shopping online, higher perceptions of online quality, and lower importance placed on touching products are more likely to reduce in-store visits. From a policy perspective, this study emphasizes the need for urban planners and policymakers to integrate consumer shopping behavior into strategies aimed at managing urban mobility, logistics, and last-mile delivery systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study of new ballast and recycled ballast generated from various maintenance activities","authors":"Erol Tutumluer ,&nbsp;Han Wang ,&nbsp;Syed Faizan Husain ,&nbsp;Taeyun Kong ,&nbsp;Youngdae Kim ,&nbsp;Kelin Ding ,&nbsp;Issam I.A. Qamhia ,&nbsp;Stephen Wilk ,&nbsp;Dingqing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Railroad ballast performance is influenced by aggregate type, geological origin and mineralogy, gradation, and particle shape. As ballast ages, it gets progressively fouled with finer materials generated from particle breakage and abrasion, which may reduce its ability to drain water, cause rapid and excessive settlement, and reduce lateral stability. Maintenance operations including tamping, cleaning and removal, and undercutting are scheduled based on degradation level to improve ballast condition and mitigate related track geometry defects. In this study, ballast materials were studied both as fresh clean ballast and at different degradation levels with recycled ballast collected from revenue service sites after maintenance activities. (1) new or clean ballast, (2) fouled or used, (3) screened recycled (fouled ballast disregarding materials passing the 3/8-in. or 9.5 mm sieve), and (4) a blend of 30 % screened recycled and 70 % clean ballast were evaluated. Various characterization tests were conducted including morphological characterization, mechanical breakdown and degradation performance, drainage property, long-term settlement potential, local shear waves or modulus, and load bearing and lateral stability. Additionally, a 50 % screened recycled and 50 % clean ballast samples were evaluated in terms of lateral stability to investigate performance with greater portion of rounded particles. Results showed that although removing fines from fouled ballast can maintain long-term settlement performance, the lateral stability will decrease. Nevertheless, reusing up to 30 % of screened recycled ballast materials can maintain settlement and lateral stability performance. The results provide guidance about performance trends of reclaimed ballast after different maintenance activities with the overall goal to maintain a safe and reliable ballasted rail network operation. Future research should focus on evaluating mechanical behavior trends of recycled ballast and its blends with virgin material at varying moisture levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid ML/FWI method using GPR data to evaluate the tack coat characteristics in pavements: Experimental validation","authors":"Grégory Andreoli ,&nbsp;Amine Ihamouten ,&nbsp;Franziska Schmidt ,&nbsp;Mai Lan Nguyen ,&nbsp;David Souriou ,&nbsp;Xavier Dérobert","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Time resolution is one of the limiting factors when using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) techniques to characterize thin layers in the subsurface, such as the tack coat in pavements. To evaluate this residual bituminous emulsion at the interface between the wearing course and the binder course, we have developed an inverse method based on a hybrid data processing approach that combines machine learning (ML) algorithms with Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI). Adding the dielectric permittivity of the wearing course (extracted via FWI) as a structural <em>a priori</em> input into the SVM/SVR models has demonstrated the strong potential of this methodology on synthetic time domain signals. This research, proposes extending such a methodology through experimental campaigns. To carry out this study, three distinct campaigns have been planned, namely on: Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA)-controlled slabs manufactured in the laboratory; a controlled full-scale structure using the Gustave Eiffel University fatigue carousel (Nantes, France); and a new, yet-to-be-used, road in France. These experiments serve to validate the performance improvements of various classification and regression SVM/SVR algorithms when adding the dielectric permittivity of the wearing course. Herein will be compared the results of the global approach, without preprocessing raw time domain signals, with the developed hybrid model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic mechanical characteristics and anti-thaw measures of warm frozen soil","authors":"Jiankun Liu ,&nbsp;Zhaohui Sun ,&nbsp;Yinghui Cui ,&nbsp;Tianfei Hu ,&nbsp;Bowen Tai","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Permafrost is widely distributed across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and under the influence of climate warming, low-temperature frozen soil is gradually degrading into warm frozen soil. The ratio of ice to unfrozen water in warm frozen soil is highly sensitive to temperature changes, resulting in significant instability in its mechanical properties. To ensure the long-term stability of structures overlying permafrost foundations, conducting research on the mechanical characteristics of warm frozen soil and proposing effective measures to mitigate thaw settlement are crucial. This paper presents the research progress of our team in the field of warm frozen soil dynamics. Using a dynamic triaxial apparatus for frozen soil and a self-developed dynamic direct shear apparatus, we investigated the behavior of warm frozen soil under different temperatures, revealing the influence of temperature on its dynamic stress-strain relationship and dynamic parameters. The development of frozen soil creep theory is reviewed, and advancements in frozen soil dynamics research are summarized and discussed. This paper proposes the use of solar refrigeration technology to protect permafrost, introducing a solar-powered compression refrigeration device and its working principles. The active cooling performance of the device was tested through model experiments and field trials. Additionally, the design and construction techniques of all-season cooling embankments are discussed, providing theoretical and technical support for the stability control of subgrade engineering in permafrost regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}