Resources Environment and Sustainability最新文献

{"title":"Hydrological decline amplifies nutrient constraints and resource competition: Functional reorganization in the Sphagnum palustre–microbiome interaction network","authors":"Xiaohan Yang ,&nbsp;Qing Qiu ,&nbsp;Huai Chen ,&nbsp;Xianlin Guo ,&nbsp;Dan Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peatlands, vital global carbon sinks dominated by <em>Sphagnum</em>, are increasingly threatened by water table decline (WTD) and nitrogen-phosphorus (N-P) enrichment. <em>Sphagnum</em> relies on complex microbial communities for ecosystem functions, but the combined impacts of these stressors on its physiology, soil biogeochemistry, and microbiome dynamics were poorly understood. In this study, a controlled experiment combining WTD and N-P addition was conducted to investigate how these perturbations alter plant–soil–microbe interactions. Under WTD, soil carbon to nitrogen (C/N) and carbon to phosphorus (C/P) ratios increased while the N/P ratio decreased, indicating altered stoichiometric characteristics. Soil NH₄⁺ concentrations increased whereas NO₃⁻ decreased. Soil microbial α-diversity declined, and community assembly analyses further indicated that dispersal limitation played a dominant role in shaping community composition. In contrast, the endophytic microbiome of <em>Sphagnum palustre</em> maintained relatively high network complexity, reflected by increased edge number and average degree. N–P addition increased soil total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) contents and partially restored soil microbial diversity, but reduced the complexity of endophytic microbial networks. Functional gene analysis showed that WTD increased the abundance of several key genes associated with carbon and nitrogen cycling (e.g., <em>nir</em>K, <em>nir</em>S), whereas N–P addition suppressed a substantial subset of these genes. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed keystone taxa shifts and links between microbial network stability, modularity, and capitulum moisture and stoichiometry (e.g., TC/TP, TN/TP). Our findings highlight a stoichiometry-driven mechanism by which hydrological and nutrient perturbations reshape plant–microbe interactions, providing new insight into peatland resilience under global change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100337"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148001321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning approaches for synthesizing Land Ecological Security pathways in global land-use scenarios","authors":"Nihal Ahmed ,&nbsp;Nisar Ahmed Khan ,&nbsp;Józef Ober ,&nbsp;Muhammad Farrukh Shahzad","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Land-use scenario projections are essential tools for sustainable development planning. However, conventional integrated assessment model (IAM) approaches face challenges including computational constraints and limited scenario diversity across land degradation risk categories. We present a deep-learning methodology for categorizing and synthesizing Land Ecological Security (LES) trajectories using artificial scenario generation based on SDG 15.3.1 degradation indicators. Through examination of 1202 land-use projections from the CMIP6/ScenarioMIP LUH2 database, we establish critical determinants of land-system evolution, particularly forest conversion dynamics and agricultural intensification processes that characterize distinct sustainability pathways. Subsequently, we trained three generative deep learning models (Variational Autoencoder, Conditional GAN, Recurrent Conditional GAN) to synthesize 30,000 artificial land-use trajectories with minimal computational cost across three pathway classifications: High-LES, Mid-LES, and Low-LES categories, reproducing key variable distributions and cross-variable relationships and passing internal land-balance checks for accounting consistency. Our evaluation demonstrates that the Variational Autoencoder framework delivers superior classification performance. This investigation reveals the capacity of deep learning to augment conventional land-system assessment methodologies, enhancing the accessibility and comprehensiveness of land-system scenario analysis through rapid exploration of policy-relevant pathway alternatives while maintaining consistency with traditional IAM frameworks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100345"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147858895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental life cycle assessment of container-based vertical farming of chili pepper under two light intensities and three energy supply scenarios","authors":"Sabine Wittmann ,&nbsp;Ivonne Wittmann ,&nbsp;Felix Wanielik ,&nbsp;Christoph Herrmann ,&nbsp;Senthold Asseng ,&nbsp;Heike Mempel","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vertical indoor farming (VIF) is recognized as a resilient production method, however, its environmental performance is significantly limited by electricity demand. To provide experimentally validated evidence for fruiting crops, this study combines cultivation data from chili pepper grown at two photosynthetic photon flux densities (250 and 500 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) in a VIF container with a life cycle assessment of three distinct energy supply scenarios. Doubling the light intensity raised annual dry yield by 57% to 3.1 kg_DW m⁻² a⁻¹ but decreased light-use efficiency by 27%. System-level energy and water use remained similar across treatments at 922 kWh kg_DW⁻¹ and 14 L kg_DW⁻¹ respectively. With a fossil-based electricity mix, climate impact reached 74 kg CO₂-eq kg_FW⁻¹, primarily due to lighting and cooling. Adjusting the light intensity or expanding the cultivation area within the VIF container only marginally reduced this impact. In contrast, utilizing renewable electricity with industrial waste-heat cooling reduced the impact to 3.9 kg CO₂-eq kg_FW⁻¹, comparable to upper range values reported for tomato high-tech greenhouse systems. These findings demonstrate that the environmental performance of fruiting-crop vertical farms is mainly determined by the energy source rather than cultivation intensity or layout, underscoring the importance of integrating energy systems to improve sustainability outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100342"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147858931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergizing climate change adaptation and mitigation in agriculture through crop switching: A sustainable pathway to ensure China's food security by the 2050s","authors":"Zhanhang Zhou ,&nbsp;Keke Li ,&nbsp;Chen Zeng ,&nbsp;Xiangzheng Deng ,&nbsp;Liangzhi You ,&nbsp;Wenting Zhang ,&nbsp;Lindsay C. Stringer ,&nbsp;Klaus Hubacek ,&nbsp;Cai Li ,&nbsp;Zhongci Deng ,&nbsp;Zhen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) has become a vital approach to adapting to and mitigating climate change while safeguarding food security. Future climate change is projected to shift suitable cropping areas northward in China. Guided by the CSA framework, this study establishes a refined spatial linear optimization model for multi-cropping at national and provincial scales to explore the potential of crop switching in synergizing climate change adaptation and mitigation under the RCP4.5 and RCP6.0 scenarios in the 2050s. Results indicate that under national planning compared to the future baseline scenario without spatial crop reallocation, an adaptation optimization strategy increases crop production by 24.1% to 24.6% and achieves staple crop self-sufficiency (wheat, maize, rice, and soybean) by the 2050s under RCP4.5 and RCP6.0, but at the cost of a 19.2% to 23.3% increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Alternatively, the mitigation optimization strategy can reduce direct cropland GHG emissions (CH₄ and N₂O) by 30.8% (86.0% from CH₄)to 52.0% (79.9% from CH₄) while maintaining crop production. While trade-offs exist, specific weighting regions of the Pareto front reveal co-benefits, including crop production (+4.0% to +21.4%), economic profits (+13% to +28.3%), reduced GHG emissions (−52% to −16.2%), and irrigation water savings (−12.8% to −0.7%). Acknowledging implementation constraints alongside modeling uncertainties, these optimal outcomes indicate that carefully designed crop-switching strategies such as expanding soybean cultivation in North China and replacing rice with wheat, maize, and soybean in the Yangtze River Plain could both enhance climate adaptation and mitigation and help meet China's food demand in the 2050s without cropland expansion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100346"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147858894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mineral accretion technology for end-of-life offshore platforms limits the development of corrosion-associated microbes supporting rig-to-reef conversion","authors":"Cinzia Corinaldesi ,&nbsp;Anna Salvatori ,&nbsp;Nicola Simoncini ,&nbsp;Stefano Varrella ,&nbsp;Marco Lo Martire ,&nbsp;Gabriella Luongo ,&nbsp;Diego Vicinanza ,&nbsp;Oriano Francescangeli ,&nbsp;Tiziano Bellezze ,&nbsp;Gianni Barucca ,&nbsp;Roberto Cimino ,&nbsp;Antonio Dell’Anno ,&nbsp;Roberto Danovaro","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decommissioning practices of offshore oil and gas platforms at the end of their operational phase vary across countries and regions, depending on the legal framework, and generally require the complete removal of infrastructure. However, under specific circumstances, partial removal and conversion into artificial reefs may represent a more eco-sustainable option. In this case, the potential leaching of toxic compounds associated with corrosion of submerged metallic infrastructures, where microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) plays a major role, should be adequately considered.</div><div>Since mineral accretion technology (i.e., the deposition of carbonates on metallic structures mediated by low-voltage electricity) offers a potential solution to prevent or mitigate corrosion, we assessed its effects on microbial biofilm development, its potential to reduce corrosion-associated microbes, and its capacity to create new substrates that support colonization by marine life. To this end, we used prototype electrified structures simulating the process as it could be applied to real end-of-life offshore platforms in the Mediterranean Sea. We investigated the microbial biofilm (both in terms of prokaryotic abundance and diversity), and its development over 9-month period on both electrified and non-electrified structures. Our results show that the biofilm on the electrified bars exhibited a higher microbial diversity, characterized by taxa generally encountered on carbonate substrates. Conversely, the biofilm on the non-electrified bars was dominated by taxa associated with MIC, which were nearly absent from the mineral-protected bars. These results suggest that mineral accretion technology has the potential to reduce the development of corrosion-associate microbes on end-of-life offshore platforms and to enhance substrate colonization by marine life. Overall, these findings support the potential implementation of rig-to-reef conversion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100343"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147803051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct and indirect mechanisms through which low-carbon technology imports enhance green total factor productivity","authors":"Peiyu Wang ,&nbsp;Xiyan Mao ,&nbsp;Xianjin Huang ,&nbsp;Christina Prell","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Under the global consensus on mitigating climate change and managing environmental risks, low-carbon technology (LCT) imports have emerged as a new driver of green economic growth. Although the economic and environmental benefits of LCT trade are widely recognized, the mechanisms through which imports enhance green total factor productivity (GTFP) remain insufficiently understood. This study develops a theoretical framework to explain how LCT imports promote green growth through trade spillovers and structural optimization. Using panel data covering 101 countries and 124 LCT products from 2001 to 2022, this study employs mediation and moderation models to examine the transmission mechanisms and key influencing factors. The results show that LCT imports enhance GTFP mainly through knowledge diffusion rather than technology spillovers. LCT imports facilitate energy structure optimization, which drives GTFP improvement, but they do not fundamentally change the industrial structure. Moreover, maintaining stable trade linkages with technologically advanced partners amplifies this positive effect. These findings uncover the mechanisms by which LCT trade fosters green productivity and provide scientific insights to inform LCT trade policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100318"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147405860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the carbon reduction potential of municipal solid waste incineration at the county level in China","authors":"Fangyi Li ,&nbsp;Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Wu Xie ,&nbsp;Zhen Shao ,&nbsp;Jingjing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration plants play a crucial role both in waste-to-energy sector and “Zero-waste Cities” construction in China. As the number and capacity of waste incineration plants (WIPs) are increasing rapidly, their expansion process and carbon reduction effect in history and future deserve in-depth research. This study examines the historical and future expansion of WIPs and their carbon reduction potential at the county level. We employ a machine learning framework combining two models: a Bayesian neural network (BNN) model to predict the probability of new WIP allocation and an explainable machine learning model to identify key factors driving county-level carbon emissions from waste disposal. It finds that the growth of WIPs from 202 to 902 during 2015-2022 has significantly reduced carbon emissions from 129.0 Mt CO₂-eq to 91.1 Mt CO₂-eq. Based on the BNN model, there will be 1,408 WIPs serving 2,492 county-level administrative units in 2035. The RF model with feature analysis demonstrates that landfill ratio, incineration ratio, population, and geographic location primarily influence the carbon emissions of waste disposal at the county level. Scenario analysis shows the temporal and spatial distribution of carbon reduction potential: the north and central regions have the largest carbon reduction potential in the country due to the rapid growth of WIPs, while a shift in spatial priority for carbon reduction is identified from municipal districts to counties. The findings provide targeted insights to address regional imbalances and guide infrastructure planning towards sustainable waste management and the low-carbon transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100310"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147405894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing crop planting structures for water savings and grain revenue in China considering different spatial scales","authors":"Wen Liu ,&nbsp;Yuchuan Fan ,&nbsp;T. Edward Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Balancing agricultural production to ensure food security and poverty alleviation with natural resource conservation, e.g., water, is the current focus of China's sustainable agricultural development policy. Previous studies have addressed the issue by adjusting crop planting areas using separate optimization models at the county, regional, or national levels. However, the impact of spatial scale on optimization outcomes and the associated sustainability implications has been overlooked, potentially leading to problematic policy analysis. This study aims to address this issue by comparing optimization results at two distinct scales: regional and national. Modeling objectives include minimizing the blue water footprint (MBW), maximizing grain revenue (MGR), and achieving a balanced multi-objective optimization solution by giving equal weights to both objectives. These objectives are subject to constraints on arable land, available BWF, and reference production levels for staple grains (rice, wheat, corn, and potatoes). Our findings reveal that national-scale optimization generally results in greater total irrigation water savings or higher overall grain revenue, at the expense of the other objective, compared to aggregating regional-scale optimizations. Optimal solutions that meet both objectives are more likely to be achieved at the regional scale, as demonstrated by both single- and multi-objective optimization outcomes. Our findings imply that focusing on narrower spatial scales for optimization may attain more equitable and sustainable outcomes without requiring trade-offs between critical objectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100323"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147539905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future changes in CO2 emissions in the shift to electric mobility in countries with varied levels of zero-emission vehicle policies","authors":"Shuai Pan ,&nbsp;Yicheng Xu ,&nbsp;Zitian Li ,&nbsp;Lewis M. Fulton ,&nbsp;H. Oliver Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electric vehicle (EV) adoption has been viewed widely as a promising climate mitigation strategy, whereas the pace and scale of EV transition varies significantly in worldwide regions. This study examines recent policy dynamics in the global EV transition, employing the timing and magnitude of reductions in transport non-energy costs as key policy variables. Through systematic quantitative analysis using the Global Change Analysis Model (GCAM), this study evaluates how different policy strengths shape EV transition pathways and their potential for energy savings and emission reductions. Results indicate that a uniform 20% reduction in non-energy costs for passenger electric cars worldwide from 2035 onward could increase EV penetration during the corresponding period from approximately 25–50% to around 70–85%. Such widespread adoption is expected to substantially lower future energy consumption and CO₂ emissions in the U.S., Europe, and China, while also helping curb rising emission trends in India, Southeast Asia, and Western Africa. Implementing the same 20% cost reduction in China as early as 2025 can effectively replicate its recent rapid growth in EV penetration. For the European Union, a phased cost-reduction approach (10% in 2030, rising to 30% from 2035) would likely enable it to meet the clean mobility target outlined in its 2025 Automotive Package, namely a 90% reduction in tailpipe emissions from 2035 onward. The use of battery EVs increases electricity consumption, but such impact remains modest. The popularity of fuel cell EVs can push up hydrogen demand, which makes expansion of green hydrogen production necessary. Results suggest the necessity of providing support like technological assistance and financial investment from leading automotive markets (e.g., the U.S., Europe, and China) to developing countries, to ensure a global, inclusive, and equitable EV transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100316"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147405859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing land planning priorities for ecological conservation and renewable energy development through multi-objective land planning in China","authors":"Ke Wang ,&nbsp;Wenxiang Wu ,&nbsp;Haimeng Liu ,&nbsp;Xueqin Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinshuai Ren ,&nbsp;Maochou Liu ,&nbsp;Jiahui Cheng ,&nbsp;Jing Geng ,&nbsp;Bo Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Balancing ecological conservation with renewable energy development is a critical challenge in China, where the rapid expansion of renewable energy is indispensable for achieving carbon neutrality but increasingly intensifies conflicts with conservation. To balance these conflicts, we developed a multi-objective land planning framework that integrates high-resolution spatial data on biodiversity, ecosystem services, vulnerable carbon stocks, and renewable energy potentials. Within this framework, we implemented three land-use scenarios representing distinct policy preferences—Conservation-First, Energy-First, and Multi-Zones (equal weighting of conservation and energy objectives)—to allocate land optimally and quantify the trade-offs between ecological conservation and renewable energy development. Our results revealed that without ecological safeguards, renewable energy expansion would place more than 2 million km² of land at risk and expose 901.31 Gt of vulnerable carbon, while also threatening the nation's highly irreplaceable species habitats—which, although covering only about 80 km², are extremely sensitive to land-use change. In contrast, the Multi-Zones scenario reduces carbon exposure by ∼30 Gt, safeguards 10% more critical habitats, and preserves nearly 90% (642.5 GW) of national objective of renewable energy. The trade-offs induced by wind and solar energy are concentrated in northern and eastern Inner Mongolia and southern Xizang provinces, while hydropower-related trade-offs occur mainly in the highly elevated regions of Yunnan province, highlighting areas where adaptive conservation strategies and conflict-sensitive energy planning are most needed. Based on these findings, we proposed region-specific strategies to guide policies that align China's dual carbon commitments with Ecological Conservation Redline and support the achievement of SDG 7 and SDG 15.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100303"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147405892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}