G. Ramachandran, Rahul Radhakrishnan, B. Krishnamachari
{"title":"Towards a Decentralized Data Marketplace for Smart Cities","authors":"G. Ramachandran, Rahul Radhakrishnan, B. Krishnamachari","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656952","url":null,"abstract":"One of the ways in which a city can become smarter is to grow a local economy around the sharing of data from IoT devices and other open data that can be used in applications to improve the lives of its citizens. Prior work and ongoing projects have examined or are currently focused on the development of centralized data marketplaces for smart cities. Here we explore how a decentralized data marketplace could be created using blockchain and other distributed ledger technologies. We consider the possible benefits of such a decentralized architecture, identify different elements that such a decentralized marketplace should have, and show how they could be potentially integrated into a comprehensive solution. We also present a simple smart contract implementation of a decentralized registry where data products can be posted by data owners for retrieval by potential buyers.","PeriodicalId":344652,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"187 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122133183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cost Efficient Application Placement for Smart Public Transportation","authors":"Xinjie Guan, Xinxin Ma, Xili Wan, Guangwei Bai","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656980","url":null,"abstract":"By pushing applications and their service data to cloudlets close to end users, mobile edge computing paradigm significantly reduces network latency and communication cost. However, it may bring additional operation cost for each application replica and induce migration cost due to users’ movements. Specially, considering the scenario of public transportation with movement in citywide range, we formulate the cost efficient application placement problem with the goal of reducing the total costs for application deployment, while preserving users’ experienced QoS. By solving it with optimization solver, we evaluate the performance of the formulated optimization model. Preliminary evaluations exhibit that the proposed model could explicitly result in cost saving for application deployments targeting the public transportation.","PeriodicalId":344652,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123494400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Morphing to the Mean Approach of Anticipated Electricity Demand in Smart City Partitions Using Citizen Elasticities","authors":"M. Alamaniotis","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656963","url":null,"abstract":"This paper frames itself in the information rich environment of a smart city where residents can form groups to pursue a common goal. Those groups that consist of partitions of the smart city, have as a goal, among others, to smooth the aggregated electricity demand of the residents, thus, contributing to the stability of the power grid. In the current work, a new approach called morphing to the mean is presented that aims at morphing the overall electricity demand curve associated with the partition; morphing refers to smoothing out the anticipated demand curve and minimizing the demand fluctuation using as a baseline the mean demand value. To that end, the proposed methodology engages the cascading use of individual resident demand elasticities and genetic algorithms to attain an acceptable solution. Obtained results demonstrate the efficiency of the methodology in smoothing demand curve of a smart city partition.","PeriodicalId":344652,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123501217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Location Digest: A placeness service to discover community experience using social media","authors":"Gaurav Kalra, Hoang Minh Nguyen, Wondeuk Yoon, Dongman Lee, Daeyoung Kim","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656974","url":null,"abstract":"Sociality plays a vital role in our daily lives. Be it a hyper-local search for finding a restaurant to eat or a global search for your next travel destination; as humans, we tend to make our choices considering the social atmosphere offered by the place. Placeness, in this context, refers to the social and cultural semantics of the space under consideration and represents the distinctiveness of a place. In this paper, we aim to discover placeness as the exemplary community experience associated with a given location. We do this by, first adopting a flexible methodology for mining placeness, and then proposing a novel unsupervised mechanism for discovering placeness. Furthermore, we implement placeness as an IoT service for Smart City dwellers, calling it as Location Digest, by using GS1 standards-based Open Language for the Internet of Things (Oliot) platform. We report a sufficiently high F1-score of 0.81 for our unsupervised placeness discovery mechanism and present Location Digest as an essential service for assisting tourists in a Smart City.","PeriodicalId":344652,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126152417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sofiane Zemouri, D. Magoni, A. Zemouri, Yiannis Gkoufas, K. Katrinis, John Murphy
{"title":"An Edge Computing Approach to Explore Indoor Environmental Sensor Data for Occupancy Measurement in Office Spaces","authors":"Sofiane Zemouri, D. Magoni, A. Zemouri, Yiannis Gkoufas, K. Katrinis, John Murphy","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656753","url":null,"abstract":"Human occupancy measurement has become a topic of increasing interest in the past few years, due to the important role it plays in controlling a number of demand-driven applications like smart lighting and smart heating, as well as improving the energy efficiency of these applications in a broader sense. Office occupancy monitoring in commercial buildings can yield huge savings and improvements in terms of thermal, visual, and air quality. However, this is often impeded due to the lack of fine-grained occupancy information. This paper explores the use of low-priced environmental (temperature and humidity) sensor data for measuring occupancy in an office space. The idea behind this work is to leverage the variation divergence between humidity and temperature caused by human presence. We used a Raspberry Pi with a daughterboard called Sense Hat, which is equipped with the environmental sensors used in this study. The results are compared with occupancy data obtained from camera feeds in order to assess the effectiveness and the accuracy of the combined occupancy measurements, and show up to 87% accuracy.","PeriodicalId":344652,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124344822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ahead of the Curb: Smart Roads","authors":"Todd Nguyen","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656667","url":null,"abstract":"With the rising emergence of big data, new technology, and on-demand information, smart cities are becoming the new age of tomorrow’s infrastructure. To date in the United States, there are at least four million road miles traversing neighborhoods, cities, and communities. Roads are typically a city’s largest infrastructure and have become more of a liability than an asset due to degrading road quality [1]. Smart Road technology of Dynamic Road Markings will be explored in this proposal to revolutionize these roads by creating an on-demand system adjusting lanes to any vehicle, bike, or pedestrian traffic. This technology could improve mobility, sustainability, safety, and accessibility while transforming cities for the next generation and beyond.","PeriodicalId":344652,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"33 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121008092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Voice Controlled Smart Mirror with Multifactor Authentication","authors":"Adokiye Charles Njaka, Na Li, Lin Li","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656932","url":null,"abstract":"Internet of Things, Smart Home, and Smart Cities have become hot topics in recent years. The development of these areas grows spirally due to the emergence of advanced smart devices. Smart mirrors are a new addition to the smart home family that has been getting a lot of attention nowadays by both commercial manufacturers and academia. This paper describes how a Raspberry Pi device can be used to enhance such mirrors with intelligence and security. The goal is to develop a cost effective intelligent mirror system that not only works as a regular mirror, but also be able to display various kinds of information, such as weather, time and location, current events, and users. The mirror can provide multimedia services while ensuring high end security across the entire system.","PeriodicalId":344652,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115331822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Tonekaboni, Sujeet Kulkarni, Lakshmish Ramaswamy
{"title":"Edge-Based Anomalous Sensor Placement Detection for Participatory Sensing of Urban Heat Islands","authors":"N. Tonekaboni, Sujeet Kulkarni, Lakshmish Ramaswamy","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656705","url":null,"abstract":"Crowdsensing temperature data have enabled a paradigm shift in the ways we collect data and analyze the heat exposure effects on individuals and communities. The use of low-cost sensors has helped in gathering granular spatiotemporal temperature data and capturing ever-changing ambient environmental conditions. However, this practice poses challenges such as sensor failures and data integrity. One of the main concerns of the participatory sensing approach is the misplacement of temperature sensors in a way that they are not exposed to the natural outdoor environment. We propose a novel approach to detect anomalous sensor placement in a semi-real-time manner at the edge of the Internet. We introduce a sliding window technique in conjunction with supervised learning classifiers to detect anomalously-placed sensors effectively. This approach is based on the empirical observation that temperature readings show more frequent fluctuations while exposed to the outdoor environment. We also conduct a series of comparative performance analysis of different classifiers including SVM, Logistic Regression, and Random Forest.","PeriodicalId":344652,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"515 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132621228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wondeuk Yoon, Yunho Lee, Hyangseok Chae, Sangwon Seo, Sehyeon Heo, Nakyung Lee, Kiwoong Kwon, Daeyoung Kim
{"title":"HERMES: GS1-based Smart City Service Intercommunity","authors":"Wondeuk Yoon, Yunho Lee, Hyangseok Chae, Sangwon Seo, Sehyeon Heo, Nakyung Lee, Kiwoong Kwon, Daeyoung Kim","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656925","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of Smart City is to improve the quality of civil life with the aid of efficient city operation and smart services built upon the ICT technology. In order for Smart City to operate successfully, citizens should actively create service, and also globally discover, access, and utilize them. However, existing Smart City platforms usually just pass services to the citizens unilaterally, and also have difficulty in sharing services globally due to the different operation of each platforms. In this paper, we propose a HERMES, a Smart City service intercommunity platform based on GS1 international standard. The HERMES consists of a HERMES ONS and a HERMES Client. The HERMES ONS enables the registration, discovery, access and utilization of Smart City services linked to urban resources, leveraging the GS1 ONS(Object Name Service), a service discovery standard associated with things. The HERMES Client enables members of cities to discover Smart City services which is optimized by location and language of citizen. For this purpose, the GS1 ID, international identification standard, is applied to physical and virtual urban resources for global identification. In addition, we defined Service Point as a medium for connecting citizen and service in the shape of barcode, data matrix, QR code, Bluetooth beacon and WiFi AP. We also modeled Life Cycle of services and Service Points using GS1 Core Business Vocabulary (CBV) and EPCIS standard to systematically manage creation, operation and disposal events. Finally, we implemented six use case scenarios such as traffic and administration, and verified the effectiveness of the HERMES in global Smart Cities.","PeriodicalId":344652,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131460645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gil Domingues, João Cabral, João Mota, P. Pontes, Zafeiris Kokkinogenis, R. Rossetti
{"title":"Traffic Simulation of Lane-Merging of Autonomous Vehicles in the Context of Platooning","authors":"Gil Domingues, João Cabral, João Mota, P. Pontes, Zafeiris Kokkinogenis, R. Rossetti","doi":"10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656856","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research has shown that by optimizing lane changing maneuvers and making vehicles travel much closer to each other it is possible to achieve a significant reduction in traffic congestion – a severe problem in all major cities. The issue of lane-merging was approached in the context of autonomous vehicles, capable of inter-vehicle communication and grouped into platoons. Solutions based on the use of negotiation techniques were explored by modelling and performing simulations in SUMO (Simulation for Urban Mobility). This paper demonstrates the benefits of the use of platoons in traffic flow, across a range of metrics, and proposes two methods of negotiation for vehicles entering a lane to merge into a platoon.","PeriodicalId":344652,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128442818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}