{"title":"Growth and Productivity of Silkworm Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombicidae) Given Mulberry (Morus sp.) It Contains Vitamin B1","authors":"M. Tanjung","doi":"10.32734/ijoep.v3i2.10092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/ijoep.v3i2.10092","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of mulberry leaves that contain vitamin B1on the growth and productivity of silkworms (Bombyx mori L.) was studied. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with the treatments were 10 silkworm feed with an untreated control leaves and an addition 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mg/100ml of vitamin B1. Every treatment consisted of 3 replications. The results showed that an addition of vitamin B1 inhibited the growth, morphological structure of instars III, and IV such as head length, head diameter, body length, and body diameter, the weight of instars III, V, and the percentage of cocoon shell. Vitamin B1 has no effect on the morphological structures of instars V, the weight of instars IV, the pupae weight, the fiber length, the fiber percentage, the cocoon weight, and the cocoon shell weight. However, the frontal and posterior glands were decreased at the concentration 0.4 mg/100ml","PeriodicalId":344109,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ecophysiology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129971290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inventarization of Zingiberaceae in The West Block Batang Toru Forest of North Tapanuli North Sumatra","authors":"N. Pasaribu","doi":"10.32734/ijoep.v3i2.10097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/ijoep.v3i2.10097","url":null,"abstract":"Zingiberaceae is one of the dominating plant family in West Block, Batang Toru forest region. According to preliminary survey, the forest is inhabited by many species of Zingiberaceae while information on its species richness is still limited. The aim of the study was to collect the species of Zingiberaceae in West Block, Batang Toru forest region, conducted from July to September 2018. Inventarization was conducted using exploration method, by exploring along designated tracking ways. The study found 18 species of Zingiberaceae belonging to 10 genera was obtained, two of them were Alpinia hansenii and Boesenbergia belalongensis were new record in Sumatra. From all species that was found, two species were known to live as epiphytes and the other 16 were terresterials. Zingiberaceae occur in varying habitats, starting from forest edge, open area with optimum sunlight and inside forest floor. The most species found belong to Globba and Amomum.Batang Toru Forest","PeriodicalId":344109,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ecophysiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133258263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Giving Nanoherbal of Biwa (Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. (Thunb.) Lindl.) Leaf on the Quality and Quantity of Spermatozoa And Microstructure in Diabetes Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Induced by Alloxan","authors":"S. Ilyas","doi":"10.32734/ijoep.v3i2.10101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/ijoep.v3i2.10101","url":null,"abstract":"One of causes in decreasing quantity and quality of spermatozoon is disease. Increased blood glucose levels can trigger demage of spermatogenesis in the testes, thereby reducing spermatozoa production. Biwa leaves (Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.) contain triterpenes which are expected to overcome blood glucose levels and quantity of spermatozoa in the cauda epididymis. To investigate this problem, an experimental test of nano herbal of biwa leaves was carried out in a rat model (Rattus norvegicus) diabet. There are five treatments and six replications, it was found that the best dose of 500 mg/kg body weight could improve spermatogenesis so that the number of rat spermatozoa remained normal. It was concluded that nano herbal of biwa leaves can be used as an alternative drug to maintain fertility as seen from spermatogenesis and the number of spermatozoa. The result is analyzed by ANOVA test and further by Post-Hoc-Test (Duncan). The result show the significant differences (p<0,05) to quantity and quality of spermatozoon of adult white male mouse (Rattus norvegicus).","PeriodicalId":344109,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ecophysiology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115077707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Diversity of Fish in The Aek Sibundong District Dolok Sanggul Regency Humbang Hasundutan","authors":"Hesty Wahyuningsih","doi":"10.32734/ijoep.v3i2.10096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/ijoep.v3i2.10096","url":null,"abstract":"The diversity of fishes in Aek Sibundong, Dolok Sanggul regency, Humbang Hasundutan district, was conducted from April to October2018. The aim of this research was to analyze variety of fishes and their physical-chemical factors related to fishesin Aek Sibundong. This research used purposive sampling method on four location based on human activities. The first location was stationed with no activities, the second location tofu waste disposal station, the third location was slaughter house station and last location was belonge to sand dredging station. Sampling used nets as trap for the fishes. Seven species of fishes had been found from the sites where classified into 3 order ( spesies from ordo Cypriniformes 4, Perciformes 1 and Siluriformes 2). The result showed that station 1 had the highest fish density was 0,59 ind/m2 belong to Tor tambroides and the highest fish diversity index at 1,318. The temperature, light intensity, light penetration, phosphate, and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) had strongly correlated with fish diversity in the waters of the Aek Sibundong.","PeriodicalId":344109,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ecophysiology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127737863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bird Diversity in Asam Kumbang Crocodile Breeding Area Medan Selayang District Medan City","authors":"E. Jumilawaty","doi":"10.32734/ijoep.v3i2.10095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/ijoep.v3i2.10095","url":null,"abstract":"Asam Kumbang Crocodile Breeding is a breedig ground for crocodiles that contain several birds. Species diversity is indicated by differences in the types of organisms. One of the most diverse organisms of its kind is birds. Birds in this region are able to setle down and coexist with crocodiles. Crocodiles are one of the predators of bird. It aims to identify the diversity of birds and status of protected birds at the research site. The method used in this study were point count method, thus resulted in 12 species of birds belonging to 5 ordo, 6 family, and 11 genus. The most common birds species found on the 3rd observation with as many as 9 species of birds, while the least species of birds found on the 4th observationas many as 5 species of birds. Diversity index value (H’) of bird in location classified into category of “moderate category” with the results of analysis 1,171 and the indeks equitabilitas value of 0,47. According to the Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation 2018, there are 2 types of birds found in the study area of birds found in the study site.","PeriodicalId":344109,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ecophysiology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116342647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bioprospecting of Chitinolytic Diazotroph Rhizospheric Bacterial Isolated From Mucuna bracteata as Biocontrol Against Ganoderma boninense","authors":"Yurnaliza","doi":"10.32734/ijoep.v3i2.10100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/ijoep.v3i2.10100","url":null,"abstract":"Ganoderma boninense is an infectious phytopathogenic fungus of basal stem rot in oil palm with the need of significant biocontrol strategy or alternative. Bioprospecting of chitinolytic diazotroph bacteria from rhizosphere of Mucuna bracteata as Legume Crop Cover (LCC) in oil palm plantations is potential to investigated. The aims of this study were to obtain total population of diazotroph bacteria and chitinolytic diazotroph bacteria, to evaluate its antagonistic properties followed by identification of the isolate based on 16S rRNA gene encoding. Diazotroph bacteria were isolated from M. bracteata rhizosphere originating from three oil palm plantations (PTPN III, PTPN IV unit Adolina Medan, and Perkebunan rakyat Simalingkar), followed with chitinolytic assay, morphological characterization, antagonistic assay against G. boninense, lytic assay of G. boninense mycelium by using crude chitinase and molecular identification of potential isolate. Total population of diazotroph bacteria in M. bracteata rhizosphere ranged between 2.80–3.83 × 106 CFU/g. Screening of chitinolytic diazotrophs using colloidal chitin medium obtained 23 bacterial isolates and 14 of them were known as antagonists to G. boninense. Five isolates with the highest anti Ganoderma were DK17 (71,15%), DK10 (69,70%), DK07 (59,63%), DK21 (53,48%), and DK19 (52,0%). The highe1st lytic activity of crude chitinase to G. boninense mycelium was produced by DK17. Molecular identification of five potential isolates revealed different identities, e.g. Enterobacter aerogenes (DK07), Mycobacterium senegalense (DK10), Bulkhoderia cepacia (DK17), Pseudomonas stutzeri (DK19), and Bulkhoderia cepacia (DK21). Based on these results, chitinolytic diazotroph bacteria isolated from M. bracteata rhizosphere were able to control G. boninense","PeriodicalId":344109,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ecophysiology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131354721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Individual Behavior Of Female Sumatran Orangutan (Pongo abelii L.) With Enclosure Management System In Siantar Zoo","authors":"A. H. John","doi":"10.32734/ijoep.v3i2.10094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/ijoep.v3i2.10094","url":null,"abstract":"Sumatran orangutans (Pongoabelii L.) is an endangered species due to habitat destruction. Conservation strategies need to be done in preventing extinction of orangutans, such as ex-situ conservation in Siantar zoo. This study aims to determine the behavior of individual male orangutan at Siantar Zoo with a management system. The observatuons was conducted for 14 days in August with the Focal Animal Sampling method, data recorded using the Instantaneous method and descriptive data using the Open Ended interview technique. The results showed the overall frequency of individual male orangutan behavior were locomotion (33,43%), resting (27,36%), eating (25,24%), playing (9%), agonistic (3,64%), self care (0,83%) and pooping (0,5%). The behavior of individual male orangutan is influenced by the number of visitors, namely the locomotion behavior of the crowded visitor category (34,37%), medium (30,31%) and quiet (33,18%). The resting behavior of crowded visitor catego ry (25,02%), medium (28,19%) and quiet (27,44%). The eating behavior for crowded, medium and quiet categories was 25,96% ; 25,47% and 26,30%. The playing behavior in crowded, medium and quiet categories is 7,96% ; 7,71% ; 9,75%. Agonistic behavior in crowded categories (5,44%), medium (7,11%) and quiet ( 1,96%). Self-care behavior for crowded,medium and quiet categories was 0,64% ; 0,83% ; 0,88%. The pooping behavior in the crowded category is 0,59%, in the medium category is 0,38% and in the quiet category is 0,49%. Themanagement system for male orangutan at Siantar Zoo already has a fairly good and regular system. The cage management has met the minimum requirements and the male orangutan has a optimal body weight and has never been infected with a serious disease.","PeriodicalId":344109,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ecophysiology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126343412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inventory of Ferns (Class: Filicinae) in West Block, Batang Toru Forest, North Tapanuli North Sumatra","authors":"N. Pasaribu","doi":"10.32734/ijoep.v3i2.10098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/ijoep.v3i2.10098","url":null,"abstract":"Batang Toru Forest is one of the conservation areas in North Sumatra which has a diversity of flora and fauna, one of which is ferns. A study on ferns in the Batang Toru Forest area has never been carried out, so the species diversity and distribution are unknown. Ferns are classified into 4 classes, one of which is the Filicinae class. The class Filicinae is a group of ferns that has the highest number of species. This study aims to inventory the class Filicinae ferns in the Batang Toru Forest area by using the exploration method, namely exploring along the track. Found 52 species of ferns belonging to 14 families and 29 genera. Of the 52 species found, 33 species were classified as terrestrial ferns and 19 types of epiphytic ferns.","PeriodicalId":344109,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ecophysiology","volume":"433 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116008299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genetic Diversity of Durian (Durio Zibethinus Murr.) in Nias Island, North Sumatera Use Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna (Rapd) Markers","authors":"S. Hannum","doi":"10.32734/ijoep.v3i2.10099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/ijoep.v3i2.10099","url":null,"abstract":"Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) is one of tropic fruits that has varian taste depending on the places of their production. Nias Island, well known as durian production place in North Sumatera. The information about it’s varian was less studied and now day we need that information to analyze variant of durian especially in Nias Island. The aim of this research was to analyze genetic diversity of durian in Nias Island with Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Ten shoots of durian was collected from each 5 regencies, which were: Nias Selatan, Nias Barat, Nias Utara, Nias Kota, dan Nias Induk. Durian’s DNA has been isolated by using Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) method and amplified with six RAPD primers namely: OPA 01, OPA 03, OPA 07, OPA 10, RAPD 05, and OPN 06. The amplified band were scored and translated to biner data, then analyzed using Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate System (NTSys) and clustered by Unweighted Pair Group Method With Arithme Average (UPGMA) method. Isolated DNA showed a clear and unsmeared band. The size of amplified band was around 221-2855bp with 100% of polymorphism. The dendogram was constructed by 50 accession of Nias’s durian with 0.51-0.59 of similarity value in each population. All of Nias’s durian accession has similiar value of 67% and B2 (Nias Barat) as a farthest genetic distance from all accession.","PeriodicalId":344109,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ecophysiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128883048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Structure of Fish Community in The Alas River of Aceh Tenggara District","authors":"Hesty Wahyuningsih","doi":"10.32734/ijoep.v3i1.10026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/ijoep.v3i1.10026","url":null,"abstract":"Research on the Community Structure of Fish on the Alas River in Babul Makmur sub-district Aceh Tenggara district was conducted from April to October 2018. The aim of this research was to analyze the structure of fish communities and to analyze physical-chemical factors related to fish community structures in the water of the Alas River in Babul Makmur sub-district Aceh Tenggara district. This research using \"Purposive Sampling\" method on the location based on human activities i.e the tributary of the Lawe Pakam (household waste disposal), the meeting of 2 rivers (sand dredging), the river parent (tourism), the mountain stream (free of activity). Sampling using nets. Seven species of fish obtained from the study sites were classified into 3 ordo (Cypriniformes, Perciformes, Siluriformes). The result showed that station 1 had the highest fish density at 0.3 ind / m2 for species Tor tambroides. Station 3 had the highest fish diversity index at 1.6213. Temperature, phosphate, light intensity, light penetration, dissolved oxygen and oxygen saturation had strongly correlated with fish diversity in the waters of the Alas River.","PeriodicalId":344109,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ecophysiology","volume":"14 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121013244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}