Open Respiratory Archives最新文献

{"title":"Ten-Year Real-Life Experience With Varenicline in a Hospital-Based Smoking Cessation Program","authors":"Lucía Gimeno ,&nbsp;Juan Rodríguez-López ,&nbsp;Concepción Rodríguez-García ,&nbsp;Lorena González-Justo ,&nbsp;Manuel Ángel Martínez-Muñiz ,&nbsp;Jesús Allende-González","doi":"10.1016/j.opresp.2026.100582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.opresp.2026.100582","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To assess the real-life efficacy and safety of varenicline in a hospital-based smoking cessation program.</div><div>We conducted a longitudinal prospective study including 310 smokers treated with varenicline at our hospital's Smoking Cessation Unit between 2011 and 2021.</div><div>Abstinence rates at 3, 6, and 12 months were 51.3%, 40.0%, and 36.5%, respectively. Smoking the first cigarette within 5<!--> <!-->min of waking was independently associated with treatment failure (OR: 2.516, <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.02). Adverse events occurred in 27% of patients, leading to treatment discontinuation in 11%.</div><div>Varenicline demonstrated favorable efficacy and safety in real-world clinical practice, regardless of baseline motivation or comorbidities. Active follow-up is essential to optimize adherence and long-term success.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34317,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Archives","volume":"8 2","pages":"Article 100582"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146167101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalencia del uso de cigarrillos electrónicos y composición de las recargas en población juvenil y adulta de Cantabria","authors":"Pablo David Fernández-Carrillo ,&nbsp;María Fernanda García-Román ,&nbsp;Rubén Arlegui-Tricio ,&nbsp;Rocío Saiz-Villena ,&nbsp;Miguel Santibáñez ,&nbsp;David Peña-Otero","doi":"10.1016/j.opresp.2026.100581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.opresp.2026.100581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Electronic cigarettes (ECs) or vapes, have attracted interest among both young people and adults for recreational and social reasons. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of EC use by gender and age in Cantabria (northern Spain), as well as the composition of the refills.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional study based on an anonymous, self-administered online questionnaire conducted from February to May 2025 (3 months). A total of 981 surveys were collected from individuals aged 15 to 64 years (inclusive).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall prevalence of recent use (in the last 30 days) was 4.2%, while lifetime use of EC was 16.2%. By age group, usage was highest among those under 35 years old (27.1% in the 15–24 age group and 24.4% in the 25–34 age group), and below 11% in older age groups. Regarding refill composition, nicotine-containing products were the most commonly used (44.7%), followed by nicotine-free and <em>cannabis</em>-free refills (30.2%). Notably, 23.3% of vape users reported not knowing the composition of the refills. Only 1.9% reported using <em>cannabis</em>-containing refills.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Methodological limitations aside regarding the representativeness of our sample in relation to the entire community, these findings are consistent with national data from the latest Survey on Alcohol and Drugs in Spain (EDADES 2024), highlighting the need to design targeted intervention strategies for the young population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34317,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Archives","volume":"8 2","pages":"Article 100581"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146182797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert Opinion and Evidence-Based Review on Maintenance Therapy Step-Down in Patients With Severe Asthma Controlled With Biologics","authors":"Vicente Plaza ,&nbsp;Gregorio Soto Campos ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Miralles López ,&nbsp;Alicia Padilla Galo ,&nbsp;Eva Martínez Moragón ,&nbsp;Fernando Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Mar Mosteiro ,&nbsp;Pilar Ausín ,&nbsp;Pilar Cebollero ,&nbsp;Santiago Quirce ,&nbsp;Carlos Almonacid ,&nbsp;on behalf of the Working Group on adjusting maintenance medication in severe asthma with biologics","doi":"10.1016/j.opresp.2026.100577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.opresp.2026.100577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Severe asthma (SA) management requires a comprehensive, individualized approach with continuous pharmacological treatment adjustments. In SA patients controlled with biologics, decisions on how to adjust maintenance therapy remain a clinical challenge, as current guidelines provide only general recommendations but lack specific practical guidance on how to implement step-down strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>A literature review about maintenance therapy step-down in SA patients was conducted, complemented by five regional expert meetings across Spain. A total of 87 allergists and pulmonologists from referral hospitals discussed four clinical questions: whether step-down is a potential therapeutic goal, the minimum clinical conditions required to initiate tapering, the duration of disease control needed, and the preferred sequence of therapy reduction. Quantitative insights were captured through televoting, complemented by structured discussions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Experts agreed that maintenance therapy step-down can be considered a potential therapeutic objective in patients with SA who achieve sustained control with biologics. Key conditions identified to start it included absence of exacerbations, nonuse of oral corticosteroids, adequate symptom control and preserved lung function for at least 6 or 12 months. A stepwise sequence for stepping-down maintenance therapy was established, prioritizing withdrawal of leukotriene receptor antagonists and high-to-low-dose reduction of inhaled corticosteroids, and finally withdrawal of long-acting beta-agonists, while maintaining low-dose inhaled corticosteroids.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Expert perspectives, together with clinical trial and real-world evidence, support a gradual, individualized approach guided by objective markers and close monitoring. The algorithm proposed will provide clinicians with a structured, evidence-informed framework to guide the safe and effective reduction of SA maintenance therapy in real-world practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34317,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Archives","volume":"8 2","pages":"Article 100577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fe de errores: 58.° Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR) [Open Respiratory Archives. 2025;7 Supl 1]","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.opresp.2026.100614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.opresp.2026.100614","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34317,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Archives","volume":"8 2","pages":"Article 100614"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147599883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapidly Progressive Interstitial Lung Disease Associated With Anti-MDA5 Dermatomyositis","authors":"Eric Andrey Rodríguez-Vega,&nbsp;Miguel Octavio Gaxiola-Gaxiola,&nbsp;Heidegger Norberto Mateos Toledo","doi":"10.1016/j.opresp.2026.100621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.opresp.2026.100621","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34317,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Archives","volume":"8 2","pages":"Article 100621"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147709725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Evolution of Phenotypes in Severe Asthma: Clinical Implications for Personalized Medicine","authors":"Francisco Javier Álvarez-Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Marina Blanco Aparicio ,&nbsp;José Valverde Molina","doi":"10.1016/j.opresp.2026.100615","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.opresp.2026.100615","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34317,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Archives","volume":"8 2","pages":"Article 100615"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147709726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemoptysis in a Young Man With Behçet's Disease","authors":"Ana Fernandes ,&nbsp;Nuno Santos ,&nbsp;Miguel Castro","doi":"10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100536","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34317,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Archives","volume":"8 2","pages":"Article 100536"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146015708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung Function and the GOLD ABE Classification: Do We Need to “Go Back to the Future”?","authors":"Rafael Golpe ,&nbsp;Juan Marco Figueira-Gonçalves","doi":"10.1016/j.opresp.2026.100624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.opresp.2026.100624","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34317,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Archives","volume":"8 2","pages":"Article 100624"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147802432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Use of Pharmacological Treatment and Noninvasive Brain Stimulation for Smoking Cessation in Adult Smokers: A Systematic Review","authors":"Julia Díaz-Miravalls ,&nbsp;Fátima Lorena Merchán-Molero ,&nbsp;Ana Yarritu-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Miguel Jiménez-Gómez ,&nbsp;José Ignacio De-Granda-Orive","doi":"10.1016/j.opresp.2026.100611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.opresp.2026.100611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) is emerging as a promising treatment for nicotine dependence. Several systematic reviews discuss the effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as monotherapy for smoking cessation; however, its effectiveness in combination with conventional pharmacotherapy has not been well studied.</div><div>We performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the efficacy of a combination of NIBS and conventional pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation. The primary outcomes were smoking abstinence rates. Secondary outcomes were craving, withdrawal symptoms and adverse events.</div><div>We included 2 RCTs with a total of 79 smokers. At week 12, abstinence rates were 82.4% vs. 30.7% in Ibrahim et al., who combined rTMS/sham stimulation respectively with varenicline, and 27.7% vs. 27.7% in Trojak et al., who combined rTMS/sham stimulation with nicotine replacement treatment (NRT). The latter group reported that continuous abstinence was significantly higher in the active group (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.027) only at week 2. Active rTMS led to a significant reduction in the FTCQ-12 compulsive craving dimension (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.011). Neither study reported serious adverse events related to the interventions.</div><div>Adjunctive rTMS improves short-term smoking abstinence and reduces craving when combined with pharmacotherapy compared with pharmacotherapy alone, with good tolerability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34317,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Archives","volume":"8 2","pages":"Article 100611"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147599882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“GOLD E” VERSUS “FREQUENT EXACERBATOR” CLASSIFICATIONS IN COPD: A PROTEO-METABOLOMIC PERSPECTIVE. [COMUNICACIÓN PREMIADA]","authors":"Cesar Jessé Enríquez-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Alexandra Eliasaff ,&nbsp;William Breur ,&nbsp;Carme Casadevall ,&nbsp;Rosa Faner ,&nbsp;Ady Castro-Acosta ,&nbsp;José Luis López-Campos ,&nbsp;Eduard Monsó ,&nbsp;Germán Peces-Barba ,&nbsp;Luis Seijo ,&nbsp;Sergi Pascual-Guàrdia ,&nbsp;Diego Rodríguez-Chiaradia ,&nbsp;Esther Barreiro ,&nbsp;Ramon Camps-Ubach ,&nbsp;Borja G. Cosío ,&nbsp;Alvar Agustí ,&nbsp;Hanan Schoffman ,&nbsp;Ori Shalev ,&nbsp;Joaquim Gea ,&nbsp;on behalf of the BIOMEPOC Group","doi":"10.1016/j.opresp.2026.100547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.opresp.2026.100547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>COPD treatment is often guided by the GOLD E phenotype (≥1 hospitalization or &gt;1 exacerbation/prior year) versus GOLD AB. Alternatively, frequent exacerbators (FE) are defined as ≥3 exacerbations/year, regardless of hospitalization. Their biological basis requires exploration by omics approaches.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Plasma from 136 COPD patients (103 FE, 33 NFE; 58 GOLD E, 78 GOLD AB) and 34 controls were analyzed using LC-MS/MS proteomics (with partial depletion of high-abundance proteins) and untargeted metabolomics. Differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) and metabolites (DAMs) were identified by comparisons with controls and between phenotypes. Functional annotation was performed. Predictive models were trained on a single-center cohort (n = 58) and then externally validated in a multicenter Spanish cohort (n = 80).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with controls, GOLD E showed 47 DAMs (14 xenobiotics) and 92 DAPs, while FE showed 54 DAMs (18 xenobiotics) and 69 DAPs. GOLD AB and NFE revealed 44 and 60 DAPs, respectively. Direct COPD comparisons detected no differences between GOLD E and AB, but 45 DAMs (17 xenobiotics) between FE and NFE. When control-based differences were incorporated, there were 16 DAMs and 2 DAPs (HRG, FCR3B), and 60 DAMs, respectively. Their best models were biomics without xenobiotics (83% accuracy; 30% coverage) and metabolomics with xenobiotics (75% accuracy; 87.5% coverage). Proteomics highlighted COPD hemostasis and immunity, while metabolomics suggested alterations in catabolism and nitric oxide metabolism, among others.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Omics-derived biomarkers may aid in the profiling of exacerbators. GOLD E and FE share molecular features, but FE exhibits greater biological homogeneity. Metabolomics outperformed proteomics in classification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34317,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Archives","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}