Problems of Endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"The study of new biomarkers of bone metabolism of sclerostin and cathepsin K in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"G. Nurullina, G. I. Akhmadullina","doi":"10.14341/PROBL9574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/PROBL9574","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Deterioration of bone tissue in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D): lead to the increased bone brittleness and to higher risk of low-energy fractures. \u0000AIM: to study serum levels of sclerostin and cathepsin K in assessing bone metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. \u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS: 102 postmenopausal women aged from 46 to 67 years were examined. All patients were divided into 4 groups: the first group included 39 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and postmenopausal osteoporosis (PO), the second group — 25 patients with PO without T2DM, the third group included 21 patients with T2DM but without PO, and the fourth group (control) — 17 people. Patinets of all groups were tested for ionized calcium, phosphorus, total alkaline phosphatase (ALP), parathyroid hormone, 25 (OH) vitamin D, bone mineral density in groups I, II, and IV, levels of sclerostin and cathepsin Kin seru, were also obtained. \u0000RESULTS: No statistically significant differences have been observed between groups in sclerostin levels, a positive correlation was found between sclerostin and НbА1с (r=0.43; p=0.009) in the group of patients with T2DM and PO, a negative correlation was found between sclerostin and ionized calcium (r=–0.45; p=0.037) in the group of patients with PO. Cathepsin C in the first group was lower than in the second group (p=0.046), but taking into account Bonferroni correction this difference was not statistically significant. In the first and third groups, 25 (OH) vitamin D was lower than in the groups without T2D. The ALP negatively correlated with the duration of the postmenopause (r=–0.39 and r=–0.64; р=0.05, respectively). \u0000CONCLUSIONS: Cathepsin С was lower in patients with T2DM2 and PO, which may indirectly indicate a decreased bone resorption. Concentration of sclerostin, which plays a key role in the mechanism of inhibiting osteoblastogenesis, positively correlated with НbА1с.","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115069054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic thyrotoxic myocarditis complicated by myocardial rupture in a patient with autoimmune thyroiditis","authors":"N. A. Cherkasova, Georgy O. Zairatyants, Natalya A. Ananitcheva, S. E. Kolendo","doi":"10.14341/PROBL9276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/PROBL9276","url":null,"abstract":"A case of thyrotoxic myocarditis in a 60-year-old female patient is oresented. With the diagnosis of «Unstable angina» she was admitted to the intensive care unit for patients with myocardial infarction at the Yudin city clinical hospital in Moscow. Earlier, the patient had been treated with tyrosol for thyrotoxicosis, but she independently abolished the drug. She ecperienced pain in the chest for the first time in her life. Emergency, coronaroangiography was performed. No hemodynamically significant damage to the blood vessels of the heart was detected. Later, according to the outpatient blood test for thyroid hormones, a diagnosis was established — «severe thyrotoxicosis». The next day after hospitalization, treatment with tyrosol was started at a dose of 30 mg per day. Sinus tachycardia persisted. A reliable increase in cardiospecific enzymes was detected. The pain in the chest did not recur. Echocardiography did not reveal impairment of local or global myocardial contractility. \u0000On the fifth day of hospital treatment the patient suddenly died of cardiac and respiratory arrest. \u0000The autopsy study revealed autoimmune thyroiditis, thyrotoxic serous-lymphocytic myocarditis, which was complicated by a rupture of the myocardium, and pericardial gemotamponade. \u0000The difficulties of differential diagnosis of myocarditis and acute coronary syndrome and the features of treatment tactics in elderly patients with thyrotoxicosis are discussed.","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"415 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124983175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In honor of the 85th anniversary of Vladimir Vasilyevich Potemkin","authors":"E. Nagaeva","doi":"10.14341/PROBL10096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/PROBL10096","url":null,"abstract":"We are celebrating the 85 anniversary and 61 years of research, pedagogical and medical activities of one of the nation’s leading endocrinologists, the promoter of academic endocrinology, the founder and the first head of the department of endocrinology of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNIMU) \u0000Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, Professor Vladimir Vasilyevich Potemkin. \u0000V.V. Potemkin was the first in our country who began to teach endocrinology at the department of internal diseases of the pediatric faculty of the 2nd Moscow State Medical Institute (now Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNIM). In 1972, after his transfer to the Department of General Medicine, V.V. Potemkin established a course of endocrinology at the chair of internal medicine. Soon, endocrinology became an independent course and on its basis a separate chair was set up. \u0000Heading first the course and then the chair for 40 years, V.V. Potemkin proved himself a talented teacher, scientist, and excellent clinicist. \u0000V.V. Potemkin is the author of 7 textbooks on various aspects of endocrinology, including the nation’s first fundamental manual Endocrinology, published, in addition to Russian, also in French, Spanish and twice in English. \u0000In his research work, V.V. Potemkin focuses on the problems of pathogenesis, clinical aspects, and treatment of diabetes and obesity. Research results obtained by V.V. Potemkin in studying the development of oxidative stress and impaired insulin-binding blood activity in patients with newly diagnosed T2D with normal body weight and suffering from obesity made it possible to find two different pathogenetic mechanisms underlying their hyperglycemia. \u0000V.V. Potemkin studied the role of cytokines in the development of diabetic foot syndrome, which led to the conclusion that the criteria for the effectiveness of treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes complicated by diabetic foot syndrome, along with normoglycemia are also decreased activity of lipid peroxidation, stabilization of antioxidant defence, normalization of the level of TNF-alpha proinflammatory cytokine. \u0000In troduction of V.V. Potemkin’s findings into clinical practice helps to improve the results of treatment of patients with diabetic foot syndrome, prevent gangrene, and reduce their direct and indirect financial costs. \u0000Professor V.V. Potemkin celebrates his anniversary at the heirght of his creative powers. We wish our dear colleague good health, inexhaustible energy, and new creative successes for many years!","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"320 24","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133911401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction after radioiodine therapy","authors":"V. Yartsev, E. Atkova","doi":"10.14341/PROBL9716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/PROBL9716","url":null,"abstract":"Secondary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction after radioiodine therapy is a comparatively rare complication but it requires treatment at an early stage. The symptoms of secondary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction are tearing, eye redness, discharge at ocular surface, a mass growing at lacrimal sac site. The considered complication occurs after radioiodine therapy in dose of 150 mCi, the rate of occurrence is dose-dependent. There are no clinical guidelines for preventing this complication but there are reports of nasolacrimal duct preventive intubation and those about developing new drug agents that block an action of the protein that uptakes iodine in the nasolacrimal duct mucosa. For diagnosing, special diagnostic procedures and an ophthalmologist consultation are required. For the correction of this complication, conservative treatment (with low efficacy) and special surgical treatment are used, including nasolacrimal duct recanalization with different techniques and anastomosis between nasolacrimal duct and nasal cavity formation. In cases of early patient encounter, it is possible to use more functional and less invasive surgical techniques, in cases of late encounter, more invasive surgical techniques are used.","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123923278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positron emission tomography in combination with computed tomography with 18F-fluorocholine in the topical diagnosis of parathyroid tumors and secondary changes in bone tissue associated with hyperparathyroid osteodystrophy: two case studies","authors":"N. Mokrysheva, J. Krupinova, M. Dolgushin, A. Odzharova, I. Voronkova, V. V. Voskoboynikov, Nikolaj S. Kuznecov","doi":"10.14341/PROBL9548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/PROBL9548","url":null,"abstract":"Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is caused by parathyroid malignant neoplasm in 1% of cases. The risk of the latter is higher in patients with symptomatic PHPT. The prognosis in this group of patients depends on the extent of the process and primary surgical intervention. \u0000In these cases, the differential diagnosis between secondary foci in the bones associated with parathyroid cancer and hyperparathyroid osteodystrophy is a challenging problem. \u0000This article describes two cases of severe PHPT accompanied by hyperparathyroid osteodystrophy suspected for metastatic parathyroid cancer. Positron emission tomography in combination with computed tomography (PET/CT) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) and/or 18F-fluorocholine was included in the examination algorithm. In both cases, pronounced bone changes similar to parathyroid metastases were observed. Accumulation of 18F-fluorocholine was also observed only in altered parathyroid gland. Histological examination of postoperative material verified benign parathyroid tumors, and characteristic lesions of bone tissue were regarded as areas of osteodystrophy. \u0000Therefore, accumulation of 18F-fluorocholine at the areas of bone destruction does not enable differentiation between hyperparathyroid osteodystrophy and metastatic lesions; further research is required to assess sensitivity and specificity of the method with respect to topical diagnosis of altered parathyroid gland.","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129810355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability of glycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: the relationship with cognitive dysfunction and the results of magnetic resonance imaging","authors":"I. Samoilova, M. A. Rotkank, N. Zhukova, M. Matveeva, I. Tolmachev, D. A. Kudlai","doi":"10.14341/PROBL9589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/PROBL9589","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Variability of glycemia is an important problem in the control of diabetes mellitus. It can be assumed that cognitive impairment associated with this disease is due to the fact that variability of glycemia affects not only the structure, but also metabolism of the brain. \u0000Objective — the study was aimed at assessing the values of glycemia variability, as well as their relationship with neuropsychological testing and magnetic resonance imaging data in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). \u0000Material and methods. We carried out a one-stage observational study of sex and age matched patients with DM1 and individuals without diabetes. All participants underwent neuropsychological testing, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (PMRS) of the brain; fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were assessed. The results of continuous monitoring of glycemia were analyzed in DM1 patients followed by calculation of glycemic variability coefficients. \u0000Results. DM1 58 patients demonstrated decrease in neuropsychological testing scores (p<0.05), decrease in the gray matter volume (p=0.004), and increase in the white matter volume (p=0.001), as well as impaired metabolism of the brain (p<0.05). Correlations between the total result of the MoCa test and LI (r=–0.34; p=0.008), MODD (r=–0.36; p=0.005), and ADRR (r=–0.28; p=0.032) were found. Negative relationship between the CONGA index and the volume of the left hippocampus (r=–0.27; p=0.044) was found. There were also some correlations between the glycemic variability indexes and the content of the main metabolites in different areas of the brain (p<0.05). \u0000Conclusion. MD1 patients with cognitive dysfunction demonstrated anatomical and metabolic brain disorders associated with glycemic variability.","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126892151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vildagliptin: ten years in the service for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The journey of discovery, innovation and success in clinical practice","authors":"Т. Е. Демидова","doi":"10.14341/PROBL9746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/PROBL9746","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial multiorgan disease. Over the last decade, the implementation of brand-new therapeutic opportunities led to tremendous rise of research studies in the field of diabetes as well as to shift in priorities of the management of patients with type 2 diabetes from a glucocentric approach and towards holistic control of the key underlying pathophysiological processes of the disease development and progression. The use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors shows good glycemic control because of physiological glucose — dependent mechanism of action mediated with the improvement of incretin hormones effects. Moreover, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors have a wide range of pleiotropic effects owning to additional properties of incretins and inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase enzymatic activity, which leads to beneficial impact on metabolic and pathogenetic processes of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors are effective drugs with good safety profile as for risks related to type 2 diabetes and have no limitative disadvantages such as hypoglycemia and weight gain. This publication reviews vildagliptin, the first developed dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, with an emphasis on its use in different clinical settings of diabetes management.","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123169805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Occasion of the Anniversary of Adolf I. Bukhman","authors":"E. Nagaeva","doi":"10.14341/probl10008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/probl10008","url":null,"abstract":"Adolf I. Bukhman, one of the founding fathers of Russian roentgenology, was celebrating his 90th anniversary on September 30, 2018. \u0000A.I. Bukhman has developed, modified, and launched into clinical practice 27 diagnostic and radiation therapy procedures (lymphography of the thyroid and parathyroid glands, electroroentgenography and thermography in patients with endocrine disorders, bone age assessment tables taking into account developmental acceleration, etc.). He was first to address the issue skeletal mineralization with respect to age, characterize the condition of soft tissues in patients with diabetes mellitus and acromegaly, and develop radiation therapy to manage angiopathies, arthropathies, and trophic ulcers. A.I. Bukhman has significantly contributed to the development of mammography. He was first to publish the first studies on using mammography in patients with endocrine disorders in the USSR. Adolf Isaakovich has also been the first roentgenologist worldwide who has described fluoromammography. \u0000Adolf Isaakovich has earned love and respect from his colleagues. On his anniversary, the staff of the National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology are wishing Adolf Isaakovich sound health, many fruitful years for the benefit of Russian roentgenology and endocrinology, success in future endeavors, wellbeing, vivacity and fortitude.","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128487637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The first case of a rare form of isolated glucocorticoid insufficiency associated with to NNT gene mutation reported in the Russian Federation","authors":"I. Chernyak, N. Y. Kalinchenko, A. I. Tlif, E. I. Kleshenko, E. V. Vasiliev, V. Petrov, A. Tiulpakov","doi":"10.14341/PROBL8582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/PROBL8582","url":null,"abstract":"Familial glucocorticoid deficiency (FGD, MIM*202200) is a rare form of primary chronic adrenal insufficiency characterized by resistance of the adrenal cortex to ACTH, decrease in secretion of glucocorticoids and adrenal androgens, and increase in plasma ACTH level. Currently, at least 7 genes whose mutations lead to the development of FGD have been described. These are MC2R, MRAP, STAR, CYP11A1, NNT, TXNRD2, and AAAS. E. Meimaridou and J. Kowalczyk were the first who described NNT gene mutation in 2012 in one patient who underwent molecular genetic examination and 9 patients with clinical presentation of familial glucocorticoid deficiency. Understanding of the exact cause of primary chronic adrenal insufficiency enables adjusting the treatment, predicting the development of possible complications and related dysfunctions of other organs, as well as the need for medical and genetic counseling of the family.","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122584957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wound healing mechanisms in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus","authors":"E. V. Ivanov, S. Gavrilova, M. Morozova, Ekaterina M. Klochihina, Aleksey K. Erdyakov, A. Gorbacheva, Z. N. Dzhemilova, E. Artemova, G. Galstyan, V. Koshelev","doi":"10.14341/PROBL9691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/PROBL9691","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Wound healing disorders and formation of diabetic foot, a severe disabling complication of diabetes mellitus, are accompanied by nervous system impairment and/or ischemia. \u0000Objective — the study was aimed at assessing the effect of peripheral innervation disorders on the regulation of tissue repair in the streptozotocin-induced rat model of diabetes mellitus. \u0000Material and methods. The study was carried out in male white outbred rats (n=70). The animals were wounded 42 days after induction of diabetes by injecting streptozotocin (diabetes group; this group received insulin Levemir at a dose of 2 units/kg in saline subcutaneously to reduce mortality), or after injection of citrate buffer (CB group). Skin samples were taken on day 8, 16, and 24 after wound modeling. Pain sensitivity was assessed in all animals. The resulting skin fragments were fixed, dehydrated, and embedded in paraffin according to standard procedures. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, antibodies specific for Ki-67, α1, β1, and β2-adrenoreceptors were used for immunohistochemical staining. Intact animals were used as an additional control group. \u0000Results. Tail withdrawal time measured on day 56 was higher in DM group rats as compared to the control group (p=0.017). CB group demonstrated a tendency towards more rapid wounds healing than diabetic animals, although the difference was not statistically significant due to wide scatter of data in the DM group (p=0.64). The intensity of staining for Ki67 was lower in the DM group (p=0.045). Reduced density of β2-adrenoreceptors was observed at the areas remote from the wound in CB group rats. \u0000Conclusion The results show no correlation between altered innervation and impaired tissue repair in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes.","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"234 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121112070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}