Problems of Endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Resolution of the national interdisciplinary council of experts \"High-dose vitamin D (Devilam) in the practice of an obstetrician-gynecologist\"","authors":"E. Andreeva, N. V. Artymuk, A. F. Vesnina, I. E. Zazerskaya, L. Y. Karakhalis, N. Y. Katkova, E. Pigarova, I. V. Sakhautdinova, N. V. Spiridonova, N. I. Tapilskaya, M. B. Khamoshina, E. V. Sheremetyeva, S. V. Yureneva, M. I. Yarmolinskaya","doi":"10.14341/probl13465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/probl13465","url":null,"abstract":"On March 28, 2024, the Council of Experts “High-dose vitamin D (Devilam) in the practice of obstetrician-gynecologist, gynecologist and endocrinologist” was held in Moscow with the participation of leading experts gynecologists, endocrinologists and obstetricians-gynecologists, during which new possibilities for the use of high-dose vitamin D in patients of various ages who need correction of existing vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency.","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141129061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Взаимодействие микробиома кишечника и пероральных сахароснижающих препаратов: обзор литератур","authors":"Uliana V. Buyvalenko, E. V. Pokrovskaya","doi":"10.14341/probl12835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/probl12835","url":null,"abstract":"Кишечная микробиота представляет собой совокупность микроорганизмов, населяющих кишечник человека. Основными функциями кишечной микробиоты являются: получение энергии из сложных волокон пищи, созревание и образование иммунной системы, кишечный ангиогенез, восстановление эпителиального повреждения кишечника, развитие нервной системы, защита от патогенов и т.д. Взаимодействие между микробиотой кишечника и лекарственными препаратами, кроме антибактериальных, является сложным и двунаправленным: медикаменты влияют на разнообразие микроорганизмов, и, наоборот, микробиота кишечника усиливает реакцию организма на лекарственное вещество путем ферментативного преобразования структуры молекулы, изменения ее биодоступности, биологической активности или токсичности. Исследование взаимоотношений между лекарственными средствами, микробиотой и хозяином является сложной задачей, а биологические механизмы, лежащие в основе этих взаимодействий, еще недостаточно изучены. В этом обзоре мы обсуждаем двунаправленное взаимодействие между микробиомом кишечника человека и сахароснижающими препаратами, описываем изменения состава микробиоты при их применении, а также оцениваем потенциальные клинические последствия для организма человека. Получение знаний в этой области помогут проложить путь к разработке новых стратегий, основанных на принципах жизнедеятельности микробиоты, которые в будущем можно будет использовать для улучшения результатов лечения сахарного диабета 2 типа (СД2).","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132389413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The daily dose of testosterone-replacement therapy dependence from the body mass index in FtM transgender PATIENTS","authors":"L. Y. Sergeeva, A. Babenko","doi":"10.14341/probl12829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/probl12829","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND BACKGROUND: The basis for the management of transgender patients is the use of various hormonal correction schemes necessary for changing the hormonal sex and, possibly, further preparation for surgical correction. Currently, the choice of the starting dose and the scheme is carried out empirically, which lengthens the period of selection of therapy and increases the risk of its complications. Taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient can help in optimizing therapy. AIM AIM: Investigate Factors Affecting the Daily Demand for Testosterone Ester Blends in Transgender Men MATERIALS AND METHODS MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is a case-control observational study. Patients included prior to initiation of testosterone replacement therapy. The analysis of factors interrelated with the daily requirement of testosterone preparations was carried out. Among the factors of interest, the body mass index (BMI), the results of blood tests for total testosterone and the functional state of the liver and kidneys are considered. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) regimens were evaluated in transgender men. For the calculation, we used the formulas for BMI and the average daily dose of testosterone. Based on the data obtained, conclusions were drawn that allow determining the necessary TRT scheme in different trans-gender men at an early stage of hormonal correction. RESULTS RESULTS: Our study included 58 transgender FtM patients who were prescribed testosterone preparations with an identical composition. We found a positive correlation between BMI and testosterone dose in patients of group II (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION CONCLUSION: In the conclusion, the obtained schemes of hormonal sex reassignment with a minimum risk of possible complications are presented. Our results demonstrated a relationship between BMI in overweight and obese patients and the need for TRT. For patients with a BMI of 25 to 29 kg / m2, the interval between injections of a mixture of testosterone esters does not differ significantly from that in the group with a BMI below 25 kg / m2 and averages once every 18 days, and in the group with a BMI ≥ 30 kg / m2 tested testosterone ester preparations should be prescribed once every 2 weeks (14 days).","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126812352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Качество жизни пациентов с первичным гиперпаратиреозом после хирургического лечения","authors":"П А Никитина, Н. Гладкова, Ф. Русаков, Роман Анатольевич Черников, Ю. В. Карелина, С. М. Ефремов, Санкт-Петербург, Tatiana P. Nikitina, Inna N. Gladkova, Vladimir F. Rusakov, R. A. Chernikov, Y. V. Karelina, Sergey M. Efremov, Tatiana I. Ionova","doi":"10.14341/probl12825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/probl12825","url":null,"abstract":"ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ОБОСНОВАНИЕ: Для комплексной оценки эффекта хирургического лечения у больных с первичным гиперпаратиреозом (ПГПТ), а также для мониторинга состояния больных после операции представляется актуальным проведение оценки качества жизни и симптомов у пациентов до и после операции. ЦЕЛЬ ЦЕЛЬ. Цель данного исследования заключалась в изучении особенностей изменения качества жизни и симптомов у больных с разными формами ПГПТ после проведения хирургического лечения. МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. В рамках проспективного наблюдательного исследования пациенты заполняли общий и специальный опросники для оценки качества жизни и оценивали наличие и выраженность симптомов ПГПТ до операции, через 3 и 12 мес после паратиреоидэктомии (ПТЭ). Статистический анализ проводили с помощью t-критерия Стьюдента или непараметрического критерия Вилкоксона, метода обобщенных оценочных уравнений (generalized estimating equations, GEE), корреляционного анализа, критерия χ2 и критерия Мак-Немара. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. В исследование включены 72 пациента (средний возраст 52 года, 97,2% – женщины) с манифестной (68,1%) и бессимптомной (31,9%) формами заболевания. До проведения ПТЭ у пациентов с ПГПТ показано выраженное нарушение ролевого функционирования, физического и социального функционирования, а также жизнеспособности. У половины пациентов выявлены такие существенно выраженные симптомы, как слабость, усталость, когнитивные нарушения, перемены в настроении, а также суставные и костные боли; продемонстрирована связь между испытываемыми симптомами и степенью нарушения качества жизни до операции. Через 3 мес после ПТЭ у больных ПГПТ показано улучшение как по физическому, так и психологическому компонентам качества жизни. Положительные изменения качества жизни установлены как при манифестной, так и бессимптомной форме заболевания; они сохранялись в течение 12 мес после операции. Также в течение 12 мес после ПТЭ отмечено существенное уменьшение таких актуальных для ПГПТ симптомов, как слабость, усталость, забывчивость и перемены в настроении. Успешное хирургическое лечение с нормализацией уровня паратиреоидного обмена способствует улучшению качества жизни больных ПГПТ, независимо от формы заболевания. ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Полученные результаты демонстрируют положительный эффект хирургического лечения с точки зрения пациента и подтверждают целесообразность оценки качества жизни как на этапе принятия решения при выборе хирургической тактики, так и в составе комплексной оценки эффективности терапии при определении степени восстановления разных аспектов функционирования у пациентов после операции.","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129232776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"M.I. Akhunbaev, A.P. Kalinin, D.S. Rafibekov. Diabetic angiopathy of the lower extremities and diabetic foot. - Bishkek, 1997 .-- 143 p.","authors":"M. Solun","doi":"10.14341/probl11710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/probl11710","url":null,"abstract":"The monograph under review is devoted to one of the most important sections of clinical diabetology. As you know, damage to the lower extremities in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is quite common and has an adverse effect on the fate of patients, causing their early disability, and in some cases premature death.","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131460983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic possibilities for autoimmune thyroiditis using non-invasive determination of intrathyroid iodine concentration in children","authors":"I. Vasilevskaya, I. Tomashevsky","doi":"10.14341/probl11696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/probl11696","url":null,"abstract":"Sixty-seven children (55 girls and 12 boys) aged 5-16 years were examined. Autoimmune thyroiditis (AT) was diagnosed in 28 and diffuse nontoxic goiter (DNG) in 39. The diseases were diagnosed on the basis of case history, results of examination and palpation of the thyroid, ultrasonic findings, presence of antibodies to thyroglobulin (in AT) or their absence (in DNG), and the microsomal fraction detected by enzyme immunoassay using Boehringer Mannheim kits. AT diagnosis was confirmed cytomorphologically in all patients. Intrathyroid stable iodine (ISI) was measured by a Russian noninvasive x-ray fluorescent analyzer. ISI concentration was notably decreased in children with autoimmune thyroiditis confirmed by cytomorphological methods: below the threshold level of the method in 46%) cases and 120±10 mcg/g in 54%). This confirms a high informative value of the proposed method in this disease. Measurements of ISI in children with enlarged thyroid helps differentiate the hypertrophic form of AT from DNG: ISI concentration under 200 mcg/g is characteristic of AT, while in DNG the concentration of ISI in Moscow children is 500±40 mcg/g (M±m).","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"121 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124518315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iodine support for children in the south of the central Black sea region of Russia","authors":"E. Kasatkina, D. Shilin, L. Petrova, S. Permyakov, O. V. Putin, T. I. Samarcheva, T. G. Stolnikova, O. Voronova, V. Kopylova","doi":"10.14341/probl11700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/probl11700","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 1419 children aged 5-14 years living in 4 agricultural regions of the Central Russia (in Southern Belgorod and Central Western Voronezh regions) were examined in August 1997 within the framework of Program of the UN International Childhood Foundation, WHO, and its International Committee for Iodine Deficiency Diseases Control “Thyroid: Standardized Analysis of Iodine Supply in Europe”. Standard sampling in each region consisted of 10 subgroups for each year of life, 35-36 subjects per subgroup, with equal number of boys and girls. Iodine was measured in the morning urine by the cerium arsenite method. The parents were interviewed about nutrition using universal questionnaires. Slight iodine deficiency was detected in the region, the median of ioduria varying from 69 to 86 mcg/liter. Renal iodine excretion below the threshold normal value (<100 mcg/liter) was detected in 63% children. In girls the trace element excretion was significantly (10%) higher than in boys. A three-phase age-specific pattern of intensity of iodine loss with urine was detected, characterized by minimal values at the age of 6-11 years and two peaks with significantly higher ioduria at 5 and 12-14 years. Consumption of sea fish influenced iodine supply parameters only if it was regular and sufficiently frequent, at least 6 times a month. However, only less than 5% examined families ate sea fish regularly, and still less (only 2%) families used iodinated salt. Dairy products do not affect iodine status of children. The results prompt the necessity of introducing a state program of iodine prophylaxis in Southern European Russia.","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127298226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The state of steroidogenesis in the adrenal glands and gonads in patients with polycystic ovary with inhibition of gonadotropic function","authors":"A. Dobracheva, N. Goncharov, T. Todua, I. D. Nizharadze","doi":"10.14341/probl11701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/probl11701","url":null,"abstract":"Relationships between secretion of pituitary gonadotropic hormones, adrenal glucocorticoid and androgenic function, and ovarian steroid production were studied in 14 patients with the polycystic ovaries syndrome (POS) under conditions of suppressed endogenous gonadotropic secretion, which was induced by tonic administration of busereline, a GnRH agonist. The bRH/iRH ratio is not changed in POS patients under conditions of suppressed gonadotropic secretion. Inhibition of gonadotropic secretion leads to decrease of estrogen secretion in the ovaries and does not affect the adrenal glucocorticoid function. Activation of adrenal androgen production by the delta-5 pathway was observed in 57% patients under conditions of gonadotroph inhibition. Three months after busereline was discontinued, adrenal steroidogenesis normalized. The results permit a conclusion that prolonged inhibition of gonadotropic secretion with GnRH agonist does not change the bLH/iLH ratio but can lead to activation of adrenal androgen production in part of patients with POS.","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128870744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Encyclopedia of clinical laboratory tests. Ed. prof. N. W. Titsa. - M .: Labinform, 1997 (translation, edited by V.V. Menshikov)","authors":"G. Melnichenko","doi":"10.14341/probl11709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/probl11709","url":null,"abstract":"The intensive development of biology and its branches, their active interaction with chemistry, physics, and also with the technical sciences in the second half of the 20th century led to a significant enrichment of the field of medicine called laboratory. Both in the diagnosis of most diseases and in monitoring their course, laboratory studies have firmly taken the place of a very extensive source of valuable information about the patient’s body condition. They play a role in preventive examinations and during follow-up, and in monitoring the condition in critical situations. The research results help the doctor to verify their diagnostic assumptions or turn to a new hypothesis. Despite the fact that not every case of the disease can be finally recognized on the basis of laboratory data, the vast majority of hospitalized patients and a significant proportion of outpatients undergo one or another laboratory study. For 1 patient in Russian hospitals in 1996, an average of 32.7 analyzes were made, and for 1 visit to the clinic - 0.88 analyzes.","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133131617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multigormonal secretory activity of cells of clinically non-functioning pituitary tumors in vitro and the effect of tyroliberin on it","authors":"Bulatov Aa, E. E. Makarovskaya, N. Smirnova, V. G. Shlykova, S. Y. Kasumova","doi":"10.14341/probl11705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/probl11705","url":null,"abstract":"Experiments on cell cultures demonstrated that isolated cells of clinically inert pituitary tumors release several hormones in small amounts into the medium: luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones, alpha-subunit of glycoprotein hormones, prolactin, and growth hormone. Multihormonal secretion of these cells indicates their poor morphofunctional differentiation. In contrast to normal pituitary cells, cells of clinically inert pituitary tumors respond nonspeciflcally to hypothalamic thyrotropin releasing hormone: by increased secretion of prolactin, gonadotropins, glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit, and growth hormone. This capacity of tumor cells detected in vitro agrees with the probability of increased levels of gonadotropins and glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit in the serum of patients with clinically inert pituitary tumors during pharmacodynamic thyrotropin releasing hormone test.","PeriodicalId":342539,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Endocrinology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125298917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}