European Journal of Preventive Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Type D, in Association with Quality of Life in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis","authors":"A. Akhani, Mani B. Monajemi, M. Habibi","doi":"10.11648/J.EJPM.20170505.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.EJPM.20170505.15","url":null,"abstract":"Objective : According to recent literatures, Type-D personality, physically and psychologically is tangled with quality of life. Aim of current study is to assess psychological and physical aspects of quality of life among patients with multiple sclerosis. Materials and Methods : In current study, 113 patients were included, who were chosen from MS center (Tehran, Iran). After acquiring written consent form by participants, they were asked to answer to Type D Scale-14 (DS14), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-SF), Health Status Questionnaire (SF-36) and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Results : From 113 MS patients, 48(42.5%) individuals had Type-D personality type. Results were demonstrative of meaningful impact of this group on quality of life variables, depression and anxiety, illness perception and disability status (p 2 =0.29). Furthermore, results showed that depression, anxiety, illness perceptions and disability status maintained higher mean score among Type-D individuals in comparing to individuals other than Type-D; former group showed lower quality of life in comparing to latter (p ≤0.05). Conclusion : With respect to results of current study, MS patients with Type D personality have lower psychological quality of life (physically, psychologically) in comparing to patients with personality other than Type D. Latter group experience higher level of disability in comparing to former group. It appears plausible that notifying personality type of MS patients, can efficiently influence the intervention and clinical implication of these patients.","PeriodicalId":342483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127637648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Serum Adiponectin and Serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) In Type 1 Diabetic Patients","authors":"Mai Mohamed Elbalshy, Mariam E. Mohamed, Awny Fouad Rahma","doi":"10.11648/J.EJPM.20170505.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.EJPM.20170505.14","url":null,"abstract":"Type 1 diabetes is fatal unless treated with insulin. Exercise interventions have been shown to be as efficient as the pharmaceutical agents to improve glycaemic control. The aim of the current study was to determine the effect of aerobic exercise on possible mechanisms controlling insulin resistance. Forty diabetic type 1 patients of both sexes (20 females and 20 males) were participated in the study. They were randomly divided into two equal groups. Study group comprised of 20 patients participated in a supervised moderate-intensity aerobic exercise program performed on bicycle ergometer for 50 minutes, 3 times per week, for 8 weeks, in addition to their medical treatment while the control group received only their medical treatment. The result showed that a significant decrease in insulin resistance in the Study group as compared to the control group. The mean values of adiponectin were significantly increased from 5.85±0.65 to 6.6±0.56 in the study group. The mean values of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and fasting glucose were significantly decreased from 7.2±0.98, 146.88±11.42 to 6.45±0.95, 133.87±11.99 respectively in the study group. It can be concluded that aerobic exercise has a positive effect on decreasing insulin resistance and hence decrease the incidence of diabetic complications.","PeriodicalId":342483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126124415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is History of Suicidal Behaviour Related to Social Support and Coping Skills in Patients with Bipolar-I Disorder?","authors":"M. Mazaheri, Banafsheh Gharaee, A. Shabani, Mozhgan Lotfi","doi":"10.11648/J.EJPM.20170505.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.EJPM.20170505.13","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of the present study is to evaluate role of Coping Styles and Social Support as predictive variables with respect to suicide attempt of patient with bipolar disorder (BD) type-I. Materials and Methods: Via random sampling method, 120 patients in Hazrat e Rasoul General Hospital and Iran Psychiatric Hospital were chosen as statistical sample of current study. BD type-I diagnosis was confirmed after assessment of psychiatrist via SCID. After acquiring written consent forms, patients answered to Copying Skill Questionnaire (CSQ) and Social Support Appraisals Questionnaire (SSA-Q). Obtained data were assessed via Logistic Regression Analysis in SPSS-19. Results: Results showed that only social support can be used as predictive variable regarding forecasting suicide attempts of BD type-I. Conclusion: Due to predictive role of social support, clinician should be cognizant regarding educating patients and their family regarding benefits of social support and accordingly they should tailor proper therapeutic method for this group of patients.","PeriodicalId":342483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129006977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Predictors of Self-Medication with Antibiotics for Children in Makkah, Saudi Arabia","authors":"E. Alfalogy, Haneen Basem Ibraheem Nafadi, Sara Hameed Al Rehaili, Bushra Abed AL-Harbi","doi":"10.11648/J.EJPM.20170505.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.EJPM.20170505.12","url":null,"abstract":"Self-medication with antibiotics is becoming a very common practice, and it is being practiced globally carrying a significant economic burden and health hazards. This study assesses prevalence and predictors of self-medication with antibiotic for children. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 252 mothers selected randomly from primary health care Centers in Makkah, during the period Jan - July 2016. Mothers were interviewed about giving their children antibiotic without prescription using a semi structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using IBM advanced SPSS statistical package version 23. Logistic regression analysis was done to determine which of the factors are independently associated with self-medication with antibiotic for children. As a result, in total, 252 respondent mothers were interviewed with mean age 36.7±18.4. The prevalence of self-medication with antibiotic for children was 39.3% despite that the majority 82.9% has satisfactory knowledge about proper antibiotic use. Amoxicillin clavulenic is the most self-prescribed antibiotic representing 53.3% followed by amoxicillin 25.6%. The predictors for self-medication were educational level, income, residence and knowledge about antibiotics use. It was concluded that, Self-medication with antibiotics for children is a common practice. Policies and considerable efforts are needed to challenge the self-medication with antibiotics especially increasing the awareness among mothers about the self-medication with antibiotics risks and hazards.","PeriodicalId":342483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132247901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Common Determinant and Prevention Strategies of Cancer in the Pacific Countries: A Systematic Review","authors":"M. Mohammadnezhad, N. Alqahtani, M. Salusalu, A. Konrote","doi":"10.11648/J.EJPM.20170505.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.EJPM.20170505.11","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide which accounts for 8.2 million deaths each year. Cancer is also one of the important public health priorities in Pacific. Developing preventive strategies can help people to reduce the burden of this disease. As there is no any systematic review done till now, this syntactic review study is aimed to understand the common determinants of cancer and the preventive strategies in Pacific. This study applied the Cochrane library guideline of conducting systematic review. Five more frequent databases were used to find relevant studies. Using keywords which were developed based on the aim of the study, and also inclusion and exclusion criteria, articles were searched and reviewing the articles was conducted by two independent coders. After removing duplicated studies, three steps ware applied to achieve the final studies. A data extension sheet was developed and the data were analyzed using a descriptive statistical analysis. Overall, 36 studies were included in the study. USA Pacific countries such as Hawaii had highest number of studies (44%) which followed by South Pacific (33.4%) and Asia Pacific (16.6%) countries. Majority of studies (86%) were applied the quantitative design and 14% were used the qualitative design. The common determinants for cancer were categorized into three areas including the services factors, detection and treatment factors, and individual factors. The most common prevention strategies for cancer were improving health care system such as screening, intensive follow up and surveillance, health education and awareness, policy implementation, and immunization. The results of this study highlighted the most common determinants of cancer and the preventive strategies in Pacific. Considering the results of this study, the health specialist in PICs needs to address all these identified common determinants of cancer among cancer patients from the pacific in the past in order to come up with new strategies or prevention for cancer in the future.","PeriodicalId":342483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132308740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Health Knowledge and Attitude as Determinants of Oral Health Behavior in a Sample of Old People in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria","authors":"B. O. Bashiru, A. Ernest, Okpako Johnson Egodotaire","doi":"10.11648/J.EJPM.20170504.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.EJPM.20170504.12","url":null,"abstract":"Adequate oral health knowledge, attitude and behavior are very important for the improvement of patient’s oral health. The objective of the study was to assess the oral health knowledge, attitude and behavior of elderly people in Port Harcourt and determine the relationship between these variables. The research was descriptive survey and correlational in design. A total of 543 old people were selected by systematic random sampling. Data was collected with a self-developed Oral Health Assessment Questionnaire (OHAQ) designed in four sections (A-D) and analysed using SPSS version 20 (IBM SPSS Armonk, New York). Relationship between variables was established by simple regression and significance determined at 0.05 alpha level. Majority (63%) and (66%) of the pensioners in Port Harcourt Rivers State had poor knowledge of oral health and negative attitude toward oral health respectively. About 60% of the participants had poor oral health behavior. Oral health knowledge and attitude accounted for 43.56% (R 2 = 0.4356) and 22.09% ((R 2 = 0.2209) respectively of the variance in the behavior of the pensioners. There was a significant moderate and positive relationship between oral health knowledge and behavior (R = 0.66) and between oral health attitude and behavior (R = 0.47). The present study showed that oral health knowledge and attitude of the respondents significantly and moderately predicted their oral health behavior. There is therefore the need to educate this group on appropriate oral self-care and regular dental visits as a cornerstone to the promotion of oral health and prevention of oral diseases.","PeriodicalId":342483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115531112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccination Safety Standards Practiced in Selected Primary Health Centers in Jazan, KSA","authors":"C. G. Dimabayao, S. A. E. Nagar, Hanan T. Elbahnasawy","doi":"10.11648/J.EJPM.20170506.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.EJPM.20170506.14","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to specific diseases. Morbidity and mortality declined where immunization are practiced. Vaccine safety is prime for community, manufacturer, immunization providers and recipient of vaccines. This study aims to contribute to the application of best practices on vaccine safety among nurses. After determining the vaccination safety standards observed, strategies and proposals to improve techniques in vaccination safety through education and training were offered. The quantitative-descriptive method was used. Data were supplied by 100 nurses who were in the Primary Health Care centers in Jazan City KSA. Questionnaire used was patterned from the tool on evaluating vaccination practices contained in the Quality Assurance in Primary Health Care Manual for Nurses in Saudi Arabia. Weighted Mean and Chi- Square test for a one-sample case were used to treat the data obtained. Result of the study showed that nurses’ responses on vaccine safety standards practiced were significant but their responses on routine vaccine practice were not significant. Vaccination safety standards were observed and practiced along resources and structures, procedures in vaccination and immunization session guidelines while knowledge on routine vaccine practice was observed sometimes. Responses of the nurses showed correlation on resources and structures, procedures on vaccination and immunization guidelines but not on knowledge on routine vaccine practice. The strategies and proposals laid down may improve techniques in vaccination safety through education and training.","PeriodicalId":342483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131493046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Male Involvement in Modern Family Planning Utilization and Associated Factors in Arba Minch Town, Gamo Gofa Zone, Ethiopia","authors":"G. Kejela, G. Mira, Belete Gaga, A. Muktar, Behailu Ololo, Shanko Bezabehe","doi":"10.11648/J.EJPM.20170504.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.EJPM.20170504.11","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction : Men often have higher decision making power in matters such as sexual relations, family size, and seeking health care than women. On the contrary, women carry a disproportionate amount of responsibility for reproductive health matters including family planning. Even though women receive the bulk of reproductive health services, gender dynamics makes women powerless. Reproductive health matters in its broader sense should be a concern for all not for just that of women; and it needs the attention of men, entire family and the society at large. Despite this, men involvement in family planning utilization is low in Ethiopia. Objectiv e: The main aim of this study is to assess the role of male involvement in family planning utilization and associated factors in Arba minch-town, Gamo Gofa zone, Ethiopia. Methods : A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Arba-minch town among 406 married men. The data was collected by face-to-face interview using pre-tested structured questionnaire. Sampling units (households that fulfill the inclusion criteria) were selected by using simple random sampling method. Verbal consent was obtained from respondents by explaining the objective of the study. The questioner was developed in English then translated to local language for actual data collection. Data was cleaned, coded and entered into computer and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis was done at 95% CI and variables with p-value of Result : The result of this study shows that male involvement in modern contraceptive utilization is 68%. Respondents who were knowledgeable on modern family planning methods were 2 times more likely to involve in family planning utilization compared to those who have no knowledge (AOR [95% CI] = 2.0 [1.397, 3.992]). Respondents whose desired number of children is less than or equal to three were five times more likely involve in modern family planning utilization (AOR [95% CI] = 5.0 [0.192, 0.957]). In addition, respondents who are illiterate were 85% less likely to involve in modern family planning utilization compared to those with educational status of diploma and above (AOR [95% CI] = 0.15 [2.299, 17.738]). Conclusion and recommendation : In this study, male involvement in modern contraceptive utilization is slightly high compared to other studies conducted in the country. Male involvement on modern contraceptive utilization is largely influenced by men knowledge on modern contraceptive methods, level of education and desired number of children. Family planning Information, Education and communication should be given for men to increase their involvement in modern contraceptive utilization.","PeriodicalId":342483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114437002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma Renin Response to Treadmill Exercise in Secondary Hypertension Kidney Disease Patients","authors":"Hala Ezz Aldeen, Mariam Elsayed Abd Elaal, Wael Nassar, Khaled Kheder Alkhoudari","doi":"10.11648/J.EJPM.20170503.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.EJPM.20170503.11","url":null,"abstract":"Inhibition of renin activity has long been considered to be the logical step to interrupt the renin angiotensin aldosterone system which becomes the cornerstone to retard the progression of Chronic Kidney Disease. Currently, little is known about the impact of aerobic exercise on the plasma renin in chronic kidney disease patients. Aim of this study was to investigate the influence of aerobic exercise on plasma renin in the chronic kidney disease patients with secondary hypertension. Forty chronic kidney disease patients aged 40-55 years were randomly assigned to study group and control group. Study group performed moderate intensity aerobic exercise on an electronic treadmill for 30 minutes, 3 times per week, for 8 weeks. Control group received their medication only and no changes in their life style during the same trail period. The mean values for patients in groups A and B after the study were as following: For Plasma renin level (0.82 ± 0.214) and (2.09 ± 0.468) respectively, for systolic blood pressure (152.1 ± 4.86) and (155.8 ± 5.16) mmHg respectively, for diastolic blood pressure (95 ± 3.81) and (102.6 ± 6.93) mmHg respectively and for 6-minute walk test speed (1.83 ± 0.07) and (1.68 ± 0.06) m/s respectively. There were significant differences between two groups in their Plasma renin level and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and 6-minute walk test speed after the study. It was concluded that moderate aerobic exercise resulted in improved kidney functions with chronic kidney disease in pre-dialysis patients as reducing plasma renin and improving the blood pressure with non-significant negative weak correlation between Plasma renin level and blood pressure and a significant moderate negative correlation between exercise improvement and plasma renin.","PeriodicalId":342483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123956495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence and Knowledge of Hepatitis B and C Among Health Care Workers in a Specialist Hospital in Nigeria","authors":"O. Ogundele, A. Olorunsola, B. Bakare, Isaac Adedokun Adegoke, T. Ogundele, F. Fehintola, S. Okotie","doi":"10.11648/j.ejpm.s.2017050101.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.s.2017050101.12","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) remain a global health challenge. Health care workers (HCWs) are at high risk of contracting HBV and HCV through their occupation. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and assess knowledge of HBV and HCV infection among HCWs in a specialist hospital, Southwest, Nigeria. A hospital based, descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among 209 HCWs at a specialist hospital in Ondo State, Nigeria. Data on knowledge of HBV and HCV was collected using a structured, self-administered pretested questionnaire. Blood samples were screened for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV antibodies. Data was analysed using SPSS version 20.0. The prevalence of HBsAg was 6.7%, anti-HCV positivity was 8.1% and co-infection of both HBV and HCV was 1.0%. No statistically significant difference exist in the prevalence of HBV (χ2= 2.07, p=0.155) and HCV (χ2= 2.26, p=0.132) between at risk HCW and not at risk HCW. Work duration was the only factor associated with HBV (χ2= 10.24, p=0.006) and HCV (χ2= 13.61, p=0.001) positivity and knowledge score (χ2= 8.06, p= 0.018). Knowledge about HBV and HCV was relatively high. Eighty-nine percent ever heard of HBV and 75.6% ever heard of HCV. This study found a high prevalence of HBV and HCV among this group of HCWs and a higher burden of HCV than was commonly reported. Knowledge of HBV and HCV was also high. There is a need for infection control programme and sustained health education among HCWs.","PeriodicalId":342483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132511091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}