Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini最新文献

{"title":"Protein metabolism in deep-bodied cows and heifers","authors":"B. Bilyk, V. Sakhniuk","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-66-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-66-75","url":null,"abstract":"Health and performance management systems should focus on early detection and subsequent prevention of physiological imbalances in dairy herds. Therefore, the need for constant monitoring of the state of health of cows of various physiological and technological groups, in particular markers of protein metabolism, is urgent. The content of total protein in blood serum of deep-bodied cows and heifers was established in the range of 58.3–102.7 g/l (77.2± 0.48 g/l). Disorders of its metabolism were diagnosed in 35.4% of animals, and in most of them (20.4%), mainly in heifers, it was manifested by hypoproteinemia. The optimal content of albumins was established in 81.2% of the studied herd with an average value of 41.1± 0.26%, including in 74.6% of dry cows and in 91.7% of heifers. Hypoalbuminemia was diagnosed in an average of 18.8% of animals, including in 25.4% of cows and in 8.3% of heifers. In dry cows, the pathology arose mainly as a result of the development of dystrophic processes in the liver in the previous lactation periods, in heifers, primarily due to a protein deficiency in the diet. In 72.2% of the studied animals, 40–10 days before the expected birth, there are no violations of the colloidal stability of coarsely dispersed proteins. In 14.1% of blood serum samples, the test was weakly positive (++), in 11.5% - positive (+++) and strongly positive (++++). In another 2.2% of cows, the formation of a dense clot of a milky white color in the test tube was ascertained already after 4–7 hours. after the reaction (the test is hyperpositive - +++++). Optimal values of urea metabolism in blood serum were established in 48.1% of dry cows and in 55.0% of heifers (3.53± 0.043 mmol/l; 1.82–6.80). A decrease in its content was diagnosed in 49.7 and 45.0% of animals, respectively. The metabolism of creatinine in blood serum was optimal in 94.8% of the examined dry cows and in 94.1% of the heifers, and its values were within the reference values. Hypercreatininemia was diagnosed in 5.4% of the studied animal population, which can probably be caused by the development of dystrophic processes in the glomeruli of the kidneys.\u0000Key words: metabolism, diagnostics, proteins, albumins, urea, creatinine, liver, deep-bodied cows, heifers.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of polymerase chain reaction for monitoring of Borrelia burgdorferi infection by ixodid ticks","authors":"O. Panteleienko, T. Tsarenko","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-20-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-20-32","url":null,"abstract":"Determination of the infection rate of ixodid ticks with tick-borne borreliosis pathogens and determination of belonging to the pathogenic genotype by PCR is an important component for monitoring, risk assessment and control of the epizootic situation of Lyme borreliosis in different territories. The results of testing and optimization of the internal laboratory protocol of the classical polymerase chain reaction for the identification of Lyme disease pathogens are presented. Eight samples of extracted DNA from ixodid ticks collected from vegetation in the forest park tract \"Golendernya\", Bila Tserkva, Kyiv region, were examined by classical PCR. Samples were formed from pools of ten tick specimens: seven pools - ticks of the genus I. ricinus and one pool - ticks of the genus D. reticulatus. For detection of borrelia DNA, primer sets were used to detect DNA of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex; Borrelia burgdorferi and pathogenic borrelia: Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia garinii and Borrelia afzelii. The protocol for nucleic acid extraction from ticks was modified using the commercial IndiSpin Pathogen Kit. Optimization of amplification temperature conditions was carried out by the annealing temperature gradient method for each primer pair. Based on the results of the study, internal laboratory protocols for classical PCR using specific oligonucleotide primers were developed. It was found that in each of the pools of I. ricinus and D. reticulatus there were infected tick specimens with the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex and Borrelia afzelii genus, and also identified the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto genus in one of the pools of I. ricinus and D. reticulatus, DNA of the Borrelia garinii genus was not detected. The developed internal laboratory protocols of classical PCR will be further used to study the infection of ixodid ticks with tick-borne borreliosis pathogens: Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto and Borrelia afzelii.\u0000Key words: Lyme borreliosis, Ixodes ticks, polymerase chain reaction, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia garinii.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peculiarities of morphoarchitectonics of the lungs of a sexually mature horse (Equus Feruscaballus L., 1758)","authors":"L. Horalskyi, N. Hlukhova, I. Sokulskyi, N. Kolesnik","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-76-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-76-88","url":null,"abstract":"The respiratory system is one of the most important systems that carries out the body's gas exchange between air and blood, as a result of which oxygen enters the body and carbon dioxide is removed from it to the environment. In recent years, in the list of diseases of various etiologies, there has been a sharp increase in the number of diseases related to the respiratory organs. There is no doubt that the effective treatment of these pathologies is impossible without knowledge of breed and species characteristics of the anatomy and histology of respiratory organs, the morphofunctional parameters of which should be taken into account when carrying out diagnostic and preventive measures, regarding the prevention of animal diseases, and when providing them with medical care. Therefore, when planning research on the respiratory organs, which include the lungs, one should take into account their topographical-anatomical specific features in domestic animals, their structural-functional features of the microscopic structure, etc. The completed morphological work is a fragment of the research topic of the Department of Normal and Pathological Morphology, Hygiene and Expertise, Polis National University: \"Development, morphology and histochemistry of animal organs in normal and pathological conditions\", (state registration number – No. 0113V000900). This publication is devoted to the study of the morpho-functional characteristics of the lungs of a sexually mature horse (Equus Feruscaballus L., 1758). Using the method of anatomical dissection, macroscopic, histological, morphometric and statistical methods of research, the macro- and microscopic structure of the lungs was clarified and their belonging to a certain anatomical type was determined. As a result of the conducted studies, the partial structure of the lungs was determined, their topography, shape, dimensions, absolute and relative mass of the lungs were determined, a morphometric assessment of their morphological structures, asymmetry coefficient, etc. was carried out. Staining of tissue sections with hematoxylin and eosin was used to study cell morphology, conduct morphometric studies, and obtain histological examination preparations. When conducting morphological studies, the basic rules of good laboratory practice GLP (1981), the provisions of the \"General ethical principles of animal experiments\" adopted by the First National Congress of Bioethics (Kyiv, 2001) and the requirements of the \"Rules for conducting work using experimental animals\", approved by order of the Ministry of Health No. 281 dated November 1, 2000 \"On measures to further improve organizational forms of work with the use of experimental animals\". It was morphologically investigated that the macro- and micromorphology of the lungs of a sexually mature horse has certain characteristic morphological features, according to the class, age and species of animals. Thus, through scientific studies of the horse, we present the pres","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49266363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytokine profiles in healthy animals and in cows with purulent-necrotic limb processes","authors":"V. Melnikov, M. Rublenko, M. Ilnitskyi","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-111-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-111-119","url":null,"abstract":"One of the typical and mandatory reactions of the body to trauma or infectious agents for damage to any tissues and organs is the acute phase reaction, which is an induced increase in the synthesis followed by an increase in the blood and tissues of a number of proteins with immunological, bactericidal, antioxidant and inhibitory functions. The purpose of the study is to determine the levels of cytokines in clinically healthy cows, pigs and dogs, as well as in cows with purulent-necrotic processes of the limbs. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory IL-10 were determined in blood serum of cows, pigs and dogs. Cows with purulent-necrotic lesions of the limbs (n=26) were divided into: 1st group (n=8) – acute form of purulent-necrotic lesions of the distal limbs; 2nd group (n=8) – generalized lesions; group 3 (n=10) – recurrent foci in the area of the fingers. The content of TNF-α, IL-1ß and IL-10 interleukins in blood serum was determined by the immunoenzymatic method according to the standard protocol. It was established that the blood levels of pro-inflammatory TNF-α and IL-1ß in clinically healthy cows are significantly lower than anti-inflammatory IL-10, for the ratio of IL-10:TNF-α – 3.3:1, and IL- 10: IL- 1ß - 9.5:1, therefore, for cattle under physiological norms, an inherent anti-inflammatory cytokine profile. In clinically healthy pigs, the anti-inflammatory cytokine profile turned out to be the most pronounced, as the cytokine indices in them were significantly higher: IL-10:TNF-α – 19.4:1; IL-10:IL-1β – 13.9:1. In the blood of clinically healthy dogs, the cytokine indices between IL-10:IL-1ß are extremely low - 1.5:1, TNF-α : IL-1ß - 0.2:1, even lower, and between IL-10:TNF-α - 8.8:1, and therefore the anti-inflammatory cytokine profile is much lower according to the totality of cytokine indices. In cows with an acute form of necrobacteriosis, compared with clinically healthy animals, the level of TNF-α in the blood is 5.6 times higher (Р<0.001), and IL-1ß is 3.4 times higher (Р<0.001), due to their increase index by 1.7 times, up to 4.9:1. Under such conditions, the level of IL-10 increases only 1.8 times (р<0.05). Animals with the generalized form are characterized by a critical increase in the blood level of TNF-α by 16.8 times and IL-1ß by 17.8 times (p <0.001), while the level of IL-10 remains unchanged compared to the acute form. Cytokine index IL-10:TNF-α acquires a critical value - 0.4:1, and IL-10 to IL-1ß - 1:1. In animals with recurrent lesions, low levels of IL-1ß, especially IL-10, are characteristic. However, the concentration of TNF-α remains quite high and exceeds the normal value by 12.6 times (p<0.001). Therefore, various clinical forms of necrobacterial lesions of the limbs in cows have a compensatory or non-compensatory nature of cytokinemia, with an imbalance of the functionality of acute-phase proteins due to the insufficient capacity of the inhibitory potential of sick cows.\u0000Key words: cows,","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The problem of antibiotic resistance of microorganisms in Ukraine and the world","authors":"I. Chemerovska, I. Rublenko","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-33-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-33-41","url":null,"abstract":"Basically, antibiotic resistance develops due to the incorrect use of antibiotics in various branches of animal husbandry, both during the treatment or prevention of diseases, and due to their long-term use as growth stimulants. As a result, costs for the treatment of farm animals and companion animals are increasing. Antibiotic resistance among microorganisms is a threat to every person, every patient, medical and veterinary worker. Also, this is a big challenge for the field of health care, veterinary medicine and agriculture as a whole. It is very difficult to solve the problem of resistance, because it is not one-sided. Medicines that were effective a few years ago are losing their positions today, and their use is being forced to be limited. According to data from the World Health Organization, the rapid increase in the resistance of microorganisms to antibacterial drugs threatens the scientific gains made by scientists during the last 50-70 years. The formation of antibiotic resistance is due to the genetic properties of microorganisms, as a result of their acquisition of new genetic information, or due to a change in the level of expression of the bacterial cell's own genes. An important factor in the fight against the spread of antibiotic resistance is the pharmacodynamic substantiation of the dosing regimens of antibacterial drugs and their use for specific microorganisms.There are guiding documents that control and recommend the reliability of determining the sensitivity of microorganisms to antibiotics, in particular - methodological recommendations of the European organization EUCAST, the data and material of which are periodically (annually) updated. These documents are developed primarily for routine use in clinical laboratories that do not cover technical procedures for identifying resistance mechanisms at the molecular level. However, a significant part of the given data, research on determining the sensitivity of microorganisms to antibiotics, is performed in national reference laboratories. There is a change in the sensitivity of the micro-flora to antibiotics, which is not covered by the screening of multi-resistant microorganisms, or the direct detection of resistance in clinical samples. Therefore, the study of the problem remains relevant and expedient.\u0000Key words: microorganisms, resistance, antibiotics, gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, control, disease, spread, problem, treatment, animals.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48852146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of changes in indicators of the liver and kidneys functional state in sheep under the influence of the drug \"Аlphabet for animals\"","authors":"N. Vovkotrub, A. Melnyk, O. Piddubnyak, A. Kharchenko, O. Chub","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-55-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-55-65","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides data on the analysis of changes in the metabolic profile of the liver and kidneys during and after the use of a vitamin-amino acid complex containing essential amino acids and biologically active substances, such as vitamins A, D, E, K, B1, B3, B5, B 12. The existing shortage of nutrients and biologically active substances in the diets of sheep prompts scientists and practitioners to conduct a constant search for the use of non-traditional local feeds and additives of a wide variety of origins. An important role in this plan is given to mineral elements, enzymes, amino acids and vitamins. The use of these biologically active nutrients allows the most effective use of nutrients in the diet, which in turn ensures the maximum possible genetically determined productivity of animals, high reproductive capacity. However, these issues are still poorly studied and require fundamental research, specifically in certain regions of the country. So, in the context of the above, there is a need to conduct research related to increasing the transformation of feed nutrients into the products of ewes by optimizing amino acid and vitamin nutrition in order to maximize their productive qualities. In the conducted research, the positive effect of the drug \"Аlphabet for animals\" on the functional state of the liver and kidneys of ewes was established, since biomarkers that characterize the work of these organs, such as the content of total protein, cholesterol, urea nitrogen, creatinine, the activity of hepatoindicative enzymes, did not show negative changes. on the contrary, they had stabilizing dynamics. The components of the vitamin-amino acid complex had a positive effect on stimulating the albumin-synthesizing function of the liver in sheep.\u0000Key words: sheep, vitamin-amino acid complex, hepatorenal status, protein-lipid metabolism, hepatoindicative enzymes.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47815872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hygienic justification of use absorbent Polyphan-K when growing piglets","authors":"V. Lyasota, N. Bukalova, N. Bogatko, T. Mazur, O. Hitska, V. Dzmil, S. Tkachuk, T. Prylipko","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-6-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-6-19","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of intensive livestock production technologies involves a significant concentration of livestock in a limited area, which contributes to the spread of conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic microflora and, as a result, the occurrence of diseases of farm animals. Therefore, it is necessary to develop highly efficient disinfection means to ensure a stable veterinary well -being of livestock, the efficiency of which should be investigated at the stage of development and selection of substances, since a significant number of currently now proposed disinfectants are toxic, immunosuppressive and have a distant impact on the body. The search for new, more effective and harmless disinfectants, especially complex disinfectants, has been and remains a topical problem of modern veterinary medicine. The materials of this article highlights the issues of substantiating the use of polyfhan absorbent in the process of growing pigs of large white breed of different sexual groups. For the first time, the normalizing effect of polyfhan absorbent on the microclimate indoors for growing pigs, their natural resistance, the intensity of body weight gain and the development of piglets and the development of erythropoiesis and metabolic processes in tissues, which have a positive effect on the conservation and intensity At a certain optimal dose of use- 50 g/m² of area, once a day for 7 days of the postnatal period. The use of the polyfan-K absorbent at a dose of 20-100 g/m² does not cause any side effects, but instead the conservation of pigs increases to 95-98 %, and weight gain increases by 18.8 %.The positive effect of the absorbent of Polyfan-K in production conditions on natural resistance of piglets gives reason to recommend its use in the process of growing pigs. The material of the presented studies is presented in «Recommendations for the use of the absorbent of Polyfan-K for growing pigs».\u0000\u0000Key words: pig farming, piglets, hygienic justification, conditions of keeping, disinfectant, natural resistance, metabolic processes, preservation, growth intensity.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern methods for the determination of pesticide residues in beekeeping products and for the diagnostics of bee poisoning","authors":"Y. Omelchun, A. Kobish","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-101-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-101-110","url":null,"abstract":"Intensification of agricultural production is associated with the use of a significant amount of pesticides, which negatively affects the environment and human health, and food products, including beekeeping products, accordingly require mandatory control of residual amounts of pesticides. This article provides a comparative analysis of the available chromatographic methods for pesticide residue research. The necessity of using modern chromatographic methods to determine residual amounts of pesticides in samples of dead bees and beekeeping products is well-founded. Chromatographic methods of studying these indicators in different types of matrices are a priority. They are effective methods of analysis, widely used due to their versatility - they allow the analysis of complex inorganic and organic compounds in various aggregate states. But one of the most common modern methods for pesticide determination is gas and liquid three-quadrupole tandem chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC and/or LC-MS/MS). The GC-MS/MS method provides quantitative determination of analytes at a level that is an order of magnitude higher than, for example, the gas single quadrupole mass spectrometry method. Modern methods of gas and liquid chromatography in combination with quadrupoletime-of-flight mass spectrometric detection (LC/Q-TOF/MS or GC/ Q-TOF/MS) also allow qualitative and quantitative multicomponent analysis of pesticides in beekeeping products. GC and LC systems combined with high-resolution Orbitrap MS (GC-HRMS(Q-Orbitrap)/LC-HRMS (Q-Orbitrap)) have higher sensitivity, enabling ultra-trace detection, and are the most sensitive screening method for multicomponent determination of pesticide residues. Thus, the latest chromatographic methods are able to meet the needs of analytical testing and research laboratories in the field of food safety, including beekeeping products.\u0000Key words: chromatographic methods, thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, multi-component analysis, pesticides, honey, dead bees.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Сows behavior under different physiological states and keeping methods","authors":"A. Emelyanenko, S. Shmayun, M. Nischemenko, О. Poroshinska, L. Stovbetska, V. Koziy","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-89-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-89-100","url":null,"abstract":"Taking into account the peculiarities of the behavior of cows, in particular in the conditions of modern intensive animal husbandry, is an important factor in ensuring the health of the herd and obtaining high-quality livestock products. Behavioral indicators can be effectively used to monitor animal feeding and housing conditions. The aim of the work was to get acquainted with the stereotype of behavior of cows in industrial conditions under different physiological conditions and methods of keeping. For this, a search, selection and analysis of publications was carried out according to the topic of the study. Web of Science Core Collection and PubMed scientometric databases were used to search for scientific articles. It has been established that in the conditions of modern dairy farms, cows should be in a lying position for about half of the daily time. The soft and dry surface of the couches, their sufficient spatial parameters, ensuring adequate conditions of the external environment (temperature, humidity, wind speed, lighting, etc.) The quality of rest also depends on the social environment, physiological state, individual characteristics of cows, etc. Providing free access to walking areas and pastures contributes to a more complete expression of the natural behavior of dairy cows. Cows prefer to stay outside the premises mainly at night. Open pastures are more attractive to cows than walking areas with sand or straw. Foraging behavior is an important factor in ensuring cow health and high milk productivity. It is determined by the parameters of cows' access to fodder and the fodder table, the quality, quantity and feeding algorithm of fodder mass. Feeding of cows should be organized in such a way as to ensure constant free access of animals to the feed table, constant satisfactory, without physical obstacles, availability of quality feed on the feed table. Maternal behavior of cows is an important indicator that allows you to assess the condition and conditions of keeping cows before, during and after calving. Therefore, changes in the behavior of cows can have important diagnostic and prognostic value. Conducting further research in this direction is an urgent task of veterinary science and practice.\u0000Key words: stereotypeof behavior, cows, methods of maintenance, calves, exercise, diet, dairy farms.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46993100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of viral hemorrhagic disease and eimeriosis of rabbits","authors":"T. Tsarenko, I. Papchenko, A. Antipov, O. Mazannyi, L. Korniienko","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-42-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2022-176-2-42-54","url":null,"abstract":"The rabbit breeding industry in Ukraine is an important element of animal husbandry, most of the rabbits are in private households. In the absence of systematic veterinary care, accurate postmortem diagnosis of the causes of death of rabbits in households is important. Rabbit eimeriosis is widespread in Ukraine and with mixed intestinal and hepatic forms of eimeriosis against the background of unsatisfactory feeding and maintenance in young rabbits can cause death. Viral hemorrhagic disease of rabbits is also common in Ukraine and causes the death of rabbits of all ages. The aim was to study the pathomorphological changes in eimeria and viral hemorrhagic disease of rabbits and the use of other methods to confirm the diagnosis. The article presents the results of pathological, coprological and microbiological diagnosis of rabbit eimeriosis. Polymerase chain reaction was used to confirm the diagnosis of viral hemorrhagic disease of rabbits with the simultaneous establishment of the genotype of the pathogen. The effectiveness of the use of additional methods of postmortem diagnosis of eimeria (coprological, microscopic) and viral hemorrhagic disease of rabbits (polymerase chain reaction) was established. In rabbits that died from rabbit hemorrhagic disease the infection was caused by the virus of the first type.\u0000Key words: pathological and anatomical diagnosis, coproscopy, PCR, liver damage.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}