Political Institutions: Bureaucracies & Public Administration eJournal最新文献

{"title":"한국 중소기업의 동남아 주요국 투자실태에 대한 평가와 정책 시사점(Evaluation of Korean SMEs’ Management Status in Southeast Asia and Policy Implications)","authors":"Sun-Hye Kwak, J. Cheong, Jegook Kim, Minlee Shin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3074265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3074265","url":null,"abstract":"Korea Abstract: 기존 진출기업 지원정책은 수출촉진을 위해 진출 이전단계에 집중한 나머지 기(旣)진출기업에 대한 지원을 간과했다. 진출기업 지원정책의 새로운 방향으로 동남아 기(旣)진출기업과 신규 진출기업 간의 신(新)생태계 형성을 위한 지원이 필요하다. 본 연구는 동남아 지역에서 활동 중인 중소기업의 경영실태를 분석하여 효과성 높은 해외진출 중소기업 지원정책의 방향성을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 이를 위해 동남아 주요국의 주요 대내외 경제여건 변화를 정리하고 동남아 진출 한국 중소기업에 미친 영향을 분석할 뿐만 아니라, 설문조사 및 현지 조사를 통해 동남아에 기(旣)진출한 중소기업이 우리나라의 수출확대와 신규로 동남아 진출을 희망하는 중소기업의 안정적인 진출 토대로 기능할 수 있음을 확인한다. 마지막으로 진출기업 지원정책의 새로운 방향성으로 기(旣)진출기업과 신규진출 기업 간의 협업을 통한 새로운 생태계 형성 지원방안을 제시하고 있다. 기존 진출기업 지원정책이 수출촉진을 위해 진출 이전단계에 집중한 나머지 기진출기업을 간과한 측면이 있었다는 점에서 정책적으로 새로운 접근이라 생각한다. English Abstract: The entry pattern of Korean small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) into Southeast Asia was influenced by the ASEAN FTA in 2007 and the global financial crisis in 2008. SMEs that have entered the market with the aim of utilizing the low-wage labor force have been placing the most importance on entering the local market since 2007. In addition, after the global financial crisis in 2008, large corporations reshaped their production network rapidly to Southeast Asia, but not to SMEs, which were vulnerable to risk. Fortunately, since 2014, SMEs’ investment in Southeast Asia has recovered to pre-2008 levels, mainly in Vietnam and Indonesia. As Golovko and Valentini (2011) pointed out, it is possible to measure the business performance of the enterprise to the extent that the small- and medium-sized enterprises enter the overseas market. While many Korean SMEs have moved into Southeast Asia, there are still very few studies that have conducted fundamental research into their management status. Instead, there have been abundant studies about how to enter Southeast Asia in order to meet the needs of Korean companies that want to go there. Considering the shortage of information on the management status of Korean SMEs participating in the regional production network (RPN) Korean large corporations have newly established in the Southeast Asian region, data on the Korean SMEs in Southeast Asia is required to prepare the future direction and the support policies for the SMEs. This study was conducted to meet this demand. The second chapter summarizes how the economy of Southeast Asia is affected by changes in the external environment, such as slowing growth in the Chinese economy, low prices of raw materials, collapse of mega-FTAs, and the recent strengthening of protectionism. Chapter 3 analyzes the investment strategy of Japanese SMEs in Southeast Asia. We examine the response of the Japanese government and SMEs to changes in domestic and international economic conditions in Southeast Asia. Chapter 4 analyzes the management status and business performance of SMEs entering Southeast Asia through surveys.","PeriodicalId":342163,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Bureaucracies & Public Administration eJournal","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122322487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amitai Etzioni Retrospective","authors":"Amitai Etzioni, K. Hudson","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3066067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3066067","url":null,"abstract":"Policy researchers — and think tanks — are rarely evaluated in terms of the results of their endeavors. This is the case despite the fact that American society tends to rank most everything from the reputation of physicians to the number of books an author sells, from football players to the number of Nobel Laureates. This article evaluates four policy recommendations on the basis of evidence and reviews provided by independent sources.","PeriodicalId":342163,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Bureaucracies & Public Administration eJournal","volume":"530 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116491089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro- and Macro-Prudential Supervision: Is the Present Model of Financial Regulation Destructive?","authors":"J. Dalhuisen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3057308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3057308","url":null,"abstract":"Banking regulation has undergone substantial reforms after the 2008 financial crisis. In spite of these developments, European banks, especially, continue to experience serious difficulties. Central banks still operate in crisis mode and banks do not serve as intermediaries aimed at providing markets with sufficient liquidity. Stress tests prove inadequate. Capital adequacy rules requiring banks to rebuild capital at the bottom of the market are counterproductive and the new liquidity requirements constrain the business further. Modern bank rescue and resolution regimes are ineffective and may promote early bank runs and bail-out mechanisms are reinstated. A different approach is needed, and this paper analyses whether macro-prudential supervision can provide answers and how it should be designed to provide solutions. It is an elaboration of the Peter Ellinger Public Lecture given in Singapore in Sept. 2016.","PeriodicalId":342163,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Bureaucracies & Public Administration eJournal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126687003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kauffman Index 2017: Growth Entrepreneurship State Trends","authors":"Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation, Arnobio Morelix, Joshua Russell-Fritch","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3080709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3080709","url":null,"abstract":"The reports present trends in Growth Entrepreneurship in each state, relying on three composite indicators to look at business revenue and job growth: Rate of Startup Growth, Share of Scaleups and High-Growth Company Density. To facilitate comparison across peer groups of states, the Kauffman Index looked at the 25 largest and 25 smallest states by population. The larger states are overwhelmingly urban, while populations in smaller states tend to be more dispersed. Entrepreneurial growth is geographically diverse, touching cities on both coasts, the South and Midwest. Entrepreneurial activity is spreading to places other than the stereotypical entrepreneurial hubs and largest U.S. cities. Nonetheless, entrepreneurial growth continues to be a rare phenomenon. Most firms are not growth firms. Among the largest states, these five had the highest levels of growth entrepreneurship in 2017 are: Virginia, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, Texas. Among the smallest states, these five had the highest levels of growth entrepreneurship in 2017: Utah, Hawaii, North Dakota, Nevada, New Hampshire.","PeriodicalId":342163,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Bureaucracies & Public Administration eJournal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134389928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Marijuana Liberalizations: Evidence from Monitoring the Future","authors":"Angela K. Dills, S. Goffard, J. Miron","doi":"10.3386/W23779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/W23779","url":null,"abstract":"By the end of 2016, 28 states had liberalized their marijuana laws: by decriminalizing possession, by legalizing for medical purposes, or by legalizing more broadly. More states are considering such policy changes even while supporters and opponents continue to debate their impacts. Yet evidence on these liberalizations remains scarce, in part due to data limitations.We use data from Monitoring the Future’s annual surveys of high school seniors to evaluate the impact of marijuana liberalizations on marijuana use, other substance use, alcohol consumption, attitudes surrounding substance use, youth health outcomes, crime rates, and traffic accidents. These data have several advantages over those used in prior analyses. We find that marijuana liberalizations have had minimal impact on the examined outcomes. Notably, many of the outcomes predicted by critics of liberalizations, such as increases in youth drug use and youth criminal behavior, have failed to materialize in the wake of marijuana liberalizations.","PeriodicalId":342163,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Bureaucracies & Public Administration eJournal","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120932994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Nature of Public Policy Processes in the Pacific Islands","authors":"Potoae Roberts Aiafi","doi":"10.1002/APP5.196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/APP5.196","url":null,"abstract":"What is ‘policy’? Where is it coming from? Who is formulating it and how? What are the characteristics of existing policies? These questions concern the nature of (public) policy processes in any context. This article addresses these questions for the Pacific islands. It draws on empirical evidence from a research to show the nature of the policy processes in Vanuatu, the Solomon Islands, Samoa and key regional intergovernmental organisations. Policy processes have remained heavily top-down, shaped significantly by political and external interests; society has been the neglected element. In essence, the genesis of public policy has been insufficiently rooted in the context, problems and needs of societies to which policies have been directed. While existing policies were often those transferred from elsewhere, and which do not fit well in the receiving context and culture, the practices were ad hoc, driven by various ideological or social constructions. The implications of these findings for both theory and practice are discussed.","PeriodicalId":342163,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Bureaucracies & Public Administration eJournal","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132686735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explaining the Persistence of 'Command-and-Control' in US Environmental Law","authors":"D. Cole","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3024177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3024177","url":null,"abstract":"Economists and legal scholars have known for decades that \"economic instruments,\" including cap-and-trade regimes and effluent taxes, can reduce emissions at lower cost than command-and-control regulations. Yet, the US system of environmental law remains heavily dominated by command-and-control. How can we explain this remarkable persistence? This paper considers three alternative explanations: (1) path-dependency; (2) public choice theories of interest-group politics; and (3) social-welfare/economic efficiency. Using examples, mainly from the US Clean Air Act, the paper finds that none of the three alternatives offers a sufficient and complete explanation of the persistence of command-and-control. But all three contribute significantly to a comprehensive explanation.","PeriodicalId":342163,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Bureaucracies & Public Administration eJournal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126670158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovation, Collaboration & Public Policies: An Approach Based on Agents","authors":"Sergio Palomeque, J. Brida","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2988610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2988610","url":null,"abstract":"This work develops an Agent Based Model which seeks to study the innovation network of an economic sector intensive in highly trained human resources. This sector is composed by agents that face a restriction to the incorporation of new capital, and have the possibility to choose the proportion of its available capital devoted to each of the two goods. These agents have a menu of three strategies to seek to innovate, and thus increase their productivity. The adjustment of these strategies is done endogenously and results in a process that determines the structure of the innovation network. The consideration of public policies in the system leads to the conclusion that the effect of policies depends heavily on the specific population to which they are directed. These results are manifested both in the performance of the system and in the network structure that emerges from the evolution of the model.","PeriodicalId":342163,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Bureaucracies & Public Administration eJournal","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126504278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Children's Health Insurance Bene fit on Labor Supply: Evidence from Newly Arrived Immigrants in the United States","authors":"Keshar M Ghimire","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2984979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2984979","url":null,"abstract":"This paper exploits the State Children's Health Insurance Program of the United States to investigate impact of a publicly funded health insurance benefit for children on work behavior of adult men and women. Drawing data from the Annual Social and Economic Supplement of the Current Population Survey and employing a triple- difference identification strategy, I find that public health insurance benefit for children decreases labor supply of women but increases that of men. Estimates suggest that, on average, labor force participation rate of women decreased by 7.4 percentage points while that of men increased by 5.5 percentage points as their families became eligible for State Children's Health Insurance Program. The findings are supported by a number of robustness checks and a falsification exercise.","PeriodicalId":342163,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Bureaucracies & Public Administration eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125800913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Setting the Record Straight: The Importance of Contemporaneous Documentation and the Proper Use of Post-Protest Documentation to Fill Gaps in the Record for GAO Bid Protests","authors":"Harry Parent","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3862165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3862165","url":null,"abstract":"Using a series of bid protest decisions issued by the Government Accountability Office in the first six months of 2017, this article reviews the importance and role of contemporaneous documentation and the proper function of post-protest analysis to fill gaps in conjunction with the contemporaneous documentation.","PeriodicalId":342163,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Bureaucracies & Public Administration eJournal","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121149914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}