IF 5.4 1区化学

GIANT Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100349

Hong Li , Weiyi Jin , Weiyu Zhang , Jie Li , Jiaqi Ji , Yi Tang , Tianqi Yang , Shujiang Zhang , Haixia Yang , Chenliang Gong

{"title":"Intrinsic low-dielectric Cardo polyimide with high heat resistance, high transparency, and low birefringence","authors":"Hong Li , Weiyi Jin , Weiyu Zhang , Jie Li , Jiaqi Ji , Yi Tang , Tianqi Yang , Shujiang Zhang , Haixia Yang , Chenliang Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.giant.2024.100349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.giant.2024.100349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-dielectric, transparent, and high-heat-resistant polyimide (PI) films are vital for flexible electronics and high-frequency communication devices. However, balancing these properties within intrinsic polyimides remains a significant challenge. In this work, a nonplanar diamine monomer, 2,7-bis(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-9,9-bis(4-nitrophenyl)-9H-fluorene (BTFDA), containing a Cardo structure and four trifluoromethyl groups, was synthesized and copolymerized with commercial monomers to produce a series of polyimides (CPI-X). These CPI-X exhibit exceptional heat resistance, with glass transition temperatures (<em>T</em><sub>g</sub>) exceeding 350 °C, decomposition temperatures (<em>T</em><sub>d5 %</sub>) above 530 °C, and low thermal expansion coefficients (CTE < 20.8 ppm/K). Additionally, they have excellent optical properties with over 92 % transparency at 450 nm and low birefringence (Δ<em>n</em> = 0.00042). They also demonstrate good hydrophobicity with low water absorption (<em>M</em><sub>a</sub>% = 0.04 %) and high-water contact angles (<em>C</em><sub>a</sub> = 97.6°). Most importantly, the CPI-X films show excellent dielectric properties (<em>D<sub>k</sub></em> = 2.25, <em>D<sub>f</sub></em> = 0.00365 at 1 MHz, <em>D<sub>k</sub></em> = 2.13, <em>D<sub>f</sub></em> = 0.0065 at 10 GHz). Such intrinsic PI films with low <em>D</em><sub>k</sub> values may be ideal candidates for next-generation interlayer media.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34151,"journal":{"name":"GIANT","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100349"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermosensitive ferulic acid-modified chitosan gel coatings loaded with selenium nanoparticles for enhanced grape foliar rainfastness and selenium uptake 热敏阿魏酸修饰壳聚糖凝胶涂层负载纳米硒增强葡萄叶片耐雨性和硒吸收

IF 5.4 1区化学

GIANT Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100351

Songpo Duan , Xin Ouyang , Yingsheng Liu , Dingyi Shen , Zhiming Li , Sijie Song , Hong Shen

{"title":"Thermosensitive ferulic acid-modified chitosan gel coatings loaded with selenium nanoparticles for enhanced grape foliar rainfastness and selenium uptake","authors":"Songpo Duan , Xin Ouyang , Yingsheng Liu , Dingyi Shen , Zhiming Li , Sijie Song , Hong Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.giant.2024.100351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.giant.2024.100351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional Se (selenium) fertilizers are poorly deposited on crop leaves and are easily washed away by rain; these factors limit plant Se absorption and pose potential environmental risks. To address this issue, a thermosensitive Se nanoparticles gel (CS-FA/BP-SeNPs) based on chitosan-ferulic acid (CS-FA) and <strong>β</strong>-glycerophosphate (<strong>β</strong>-BP) was developed to increase rain-washing resistance and Se uptake in grape leaves. The CS-FA derivative was synthesized via an amide reaction between chitosan and ferulic acid<sub>(1:2)</sub>; this derivative demonstrated strong antibacterial and antioxidant activity, effectively dispersing the Se nanoparticles (SeNPs) and preventing their aggregation. <strong>β</strong>-glycerophosphate neutralized the pH value of the CS-FA/SeNPs solution, significantly increasing the stability of the SeNPs (stable for 30 days). Up to 37 °C, the solution rapidly formed a hydrogel, increasing its viscous modulus by 5.1 times and improving adhesion. Compared with SeNPs alone, CS-FA/BP-SeNPs showed superior spreading, reducing droplet splashing and retraction. In simulated rainfall experiments, the CS-FA/BP-SeNPs gel coating retained 91.1 % of the material on the leaf surface, while the corresponding value for SeNPs was 13.6 %, demonstrating excellent rainfastness in the former. In open-field cultivation trials, grape leaves treated with the CS-FA/BP-SeNPs gel coating presented a 141.3–192.7 % increase in the Se retention rate and a 51.3–62.3 % increase in Se uptake than those with SeNPs alone. Additionally, CS-FA/BP-SeNPs significantly reduced <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> infection rates, demonstrating potential for use in challenging outdoor environments. This thermosensitive gel coating provides an effective strategy for enhancing nanoselenium utilization on crop leaves through its temperature-responsive properties and strong postgelation adhesion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34151,"journal":{"name":"GIANT","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100351"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ions in motion: From biological channels to engineered transport systems 运动中的离子：从生物通道到工程运输系统

IF 5.4 1区化学

GIANT Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2025.100352

Bei Wu , Yifan Yan , Yuting Zhu , Changxing Ji , Yangyang Lin , Chao Lang

{"title":"Ions in motion: From biological channels to engineered transport systems","authors":"Bei Wu , Yifan Yan , Yuting Zhu , Changxing Ji , Yangyang Lin , Chao Lang","doi":"10.1016/j.giant.2025.100352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.giant.2025.100352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural membrane proteins are molecular machines evolved over billions of years, playing crucial roles in various physiological functions by precisely mediating transmembrane transport processes. Inspired by these marvels, people have developed many artificial transport systems with structures and functions matching those of natural proteins. Compared to proteins in nature, engineered transport systems offer advantage in structural simplicity, stability, and cost-effectiveness. These artificial systems could find applications in areas ranging from medical treatment to new materials, and to biotechnologies. This review begins by examining ionic flow in nature, where the high efficiency and selectivity of protein channels have inspired engineered systems. We then explore different types of artificial transport systems, including artificial channels, transporters, and nanopores, and techniques for characterizing these systems. Applications in therapeutics, biotechnologies, separation, and energy harvesting are discussed. Finally, we offer perspectives and outlook on the further advancement of the artificial ion transport systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34151,"journal":{"name":"GIANT","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100352"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143100202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Clicking” Amphiphilic Block Copolymers onto POSS Core: A General Approach for “Star-like” Polymers with Different Symmetry 将两亲嵌段共聚物 "点击 "到 POSS 核心上：不同对称性 "星状 "聚合物的通用方法

IF 5.4 1区化学

GIANT Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100346

Gang Li, Duohua Jiang, Panpan Ren, Heng Zhao, Kai Zhang, Liping Chang, Zhongguo Liu, Shouzhi Pu

{"title":"“Clicking” Amphiphilic Block Copolymers onto POSS Core: A General Approach for “Star-like” Polymers with Different Symmetry","authors":"Gang Li, Duohua Jiang, Panpan Ren, Heng Zhao, Kai Zhang, Liping Chang, Zhongguo Liu, Shouzhi Pu","doi":"10.1016/j.giant.2024.100346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.giant.2024.100346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>“<em>Star-like</em>” macromolecules have been widely studied because of their unique physical and chemical properties, which play a great role in many important application fields. In this study, a library of star-like amphiphilic block copolymers consisting of a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) core and polyethylene glycol-<em>bolck</em>-polystyrene (PEG<em><sub>m</sub></em>-<em>b</em>-PS<em><sub>n</sub></em>) diblock copolymer arms with an exact arm number were prepared through a robust copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloadditions (CuAAC) and strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) click reactions. Moreover, homo- and mikto-arms star polymers with different compositions were obtained by precisely regulating the central symmetry of the POSS core. The target polymers and intermediate products were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-ToF) mass spectrometry. This study demonstrates the chemical robustness of the novel POSS-based building block and establishes a general and efficient approach to prepare star-like macromolecules, especially for asymmetric heteroarm star-like macromolecules, which serve as important model compounds in the study of their bulk properties as well as self-assembling behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34151,"journal":{"name":"GIANT","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100346"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A dynamic entanglement model for adaptive networks in amorphous polymers with pH-responsive dual-shape memory effect 具有 pH 响应双形记忆效应的无定形聚合物自适应网络的动态纠缠模型

IF 5.4 1区化学

GIANT Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100347

Jiabin Shi , Haibao Lu , Tengfei Zheng , Yong-Qing Fu

{"title":"A dynamic entanglement model for adaptive networks in amorphous polymers with pH-responsive dual-shape memory effect","authors":"Jiabin Shi , Haibao Lu , Tengfei Zheng , Yong-Qing Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.giant.2024.100347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.giant.2024.100347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pH-responsive shape memory polymers (pH-SMPs) have recently attracted significant attention due to their unique and spontaneous actuation capabilities. However, there are few constitutive models developed to explore the working principles behind these complex shape memory behaviors. In this study, a dynamic entanglement model was developed for describing the pH-responsive shape memory effect (SME) in SMPs, in which the crosslinking points in polymer networks underwent reversible entanglements and disentanglements. Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) model was firstly employed to formulate an entanglement probability function, which was used to identify the working principles for entanglements of polymer networks and shape recovery of the pH-SMPs. An entanglement free-energy function was further formulated to characterize the pH-responsive dual-SMEs based on the Flory-Huggins solution theory. Phase transition theory was then used to characterize glass transition behaviors and recovery strains of the pH-SMPs, by combining Gordon-Taylor and Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) equations. Finally, the proposed model was verified using experimental results reported in the literature. This study provides a fundamental approach to explore the working principle and constitutive relationship between reversible entanglement and pH-responsive SME in SMPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34151,"journal":{"name":"GIANT","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100347"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Limitation and potential of lignin-assisted stabilisation of oriented liquid crystalline cellulosic mesophase 木质素辅助稳定定向液晶纤维素中间体的局限性和潜力

IF 5.4 1区化学

GIANT Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100344

F. Robert Gleuwitz , Gopakumar Sivasankarapillai , Ahmed Bentaleb , Nadine Kohlhuber , Marie-Pierre G. Laborie

{"title":"Limitation and potential of lignin-assisted stabilisation of oriented liquid crystalline cellulosic mesophase","authors":"F. Robert Gleuwitz , Gopakumar Sivasankarapillai , Ahmed Bentaleb , Nadine Kohlhuber , Marie-Pierre G. Laborie","doi":"10.1016/j.giant.2024.100344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.giant.2024.100344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed at progressing in the fundamental understanding of the lignin-assisted microstructural stabilisation observed in solution-processed materials based on the polymer blend of hydroxypropyl cellulose and hardwood organosolv lignin. Mechanical analysis, polarised infrared spectroscopy and wide-angle X-ray scattering of shear cast blend films revealed that the effect of lignin on the flow-oriented cellulosic mesophase is also valid for blends composed of ethyl cellulose as liquid crystalline matrix polymer and lignin derived oligomers from base-catalysed depolymerisation as dispersed “microstructural cementing agent”. The results underline the significant role of the solvent diffusion between the continuous cellulosic and the dispersed lignin phase, which is ascribed to polymer-/oligomer-solvent interactions. An abundance of the solvent within the lignin phase caused the disruption of the microstructural stabilisation effect. The concept of a balanced proton-donor activity was introduced linking the solvent diffusion with the lyotropic liquid crystalline phase formation, the macro- and microstructural blend morphology and aspects regarding the solution processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34151,"journal":{"name":"GIANT","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100344"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of activation/deactivation process on surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization: An in silico investigation 活化/失活过程对表面引发的原子转移自由基聚合的影响：一项硅学研究

IF 5.4 1区化学

GIANT Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100345

Zhongyan Zhang , Hui Li , Yuqi Guo , Yao-Hong Xue , Hong Liu

引用次数: 0

Homochiral “8″-shaped nanotoroids assembled from polypeptides 由多肽组装而成的同手性 "8″形纳米多面体

IF 5.4 1区化学

GIANT Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100343

Ruiqi Jin, Yue Du, Jiaping Lin, Chunhua Cai

引用次数: 0

Small dop of comonomer, giant shift of dynamics: α-methyl-regulated viscoelasticity of poly(methacrylamide) hydrogels 少量共聚物掺入，动力学巨变：α-甲基调节聚（甲基丙烯酰胺）水凝胶的粘弹性

IF 5.4 1区化学

GIANT Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100342

Xin Guan , Zhiheng Zhou , Xinzhen Fan , Wenchao Xu , Yijie Jin , Chuanzhuang Zhao

{"title":"Small dop of comonomer, giant shift of dynamics: α-methyl-regulated viscoelasticity of poly(methacrylamide) hydrogels","authors":"Xin Guan , Zhiheng Zhou , Xinzhen Fan , Wenchao Xu , Yijie Jin , Chuanzhuang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.giant.2024.100342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.giant.2024.100342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>α</em>-Methyl groups play significant roles in the regulation of water molecules within both small molecular systems and bio-macromolecular systems. Systematically studying the influence of <em>α</em>-methyl on the dynamics of water molecules within hydrogel systems is therefore worthwhile. In this study, we prepared a series of hydrogen-bonded (H-bonded) hydrogels with varying densities of <em>α</em>-methyl groups by copolymerizing methacrylamide (MAm) with its <em>α</em>-methyl-absent analogue, acrylamide (Am). Introducing a small amount of Am (≤6 mol%) into the polymer chain resulted in significant shifts in the viscoelasticity of the hydrogels. The hydrogels exhibit a “time-temperature-<em>α</em>-methyl equivalence”, meaning that introduction of <em>α</em>-methyl-absent monomer has effects similar to elevating temperature and prolonging observation time on the dynamic properties. Based on low-field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and Raman scattering, a “hydrophilic defects-assisted H-bonds dissociation” mechanism is proposed, depicting that the <em>α</em>-methyl-absent monomer can disturb the rearrangement of water molecules surrounding the polymer chain and accelerate chain dissociation. These findings enabled the copolymer hydrogels with functions such as fast self-healing and tunable interface adhesion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34151,"journal":{"name":"GIANT","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100342"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Binary blends of poly(lactic acid) and poly(methyl methacrylate) for high energy density and charge/discharge efficiency capacitors 用于高能量密度和充放电效率电容器的聚乳酸和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯二元混合物

IF 5.4 1区化学

GIANT Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100340

Shuo Zhao , Le Zhou , Junshang Zhang, Yang Shen, Ce-Wen Nan

{"title":"Binary blends of poly(lactic acid) and poly(methyl methacrylate) for high energy density and charge/discharge efficiency capacitors","authors":"Shuo Zhao , Le Zhou , Junshang Zhang, Yang Shen, Ce-Wen Nan","doi":"10.1016/j.giant.2024.100340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.giant.2024.100340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polymer dielectrics are widely used in modern power electronics due to their high flexibility and high breakdown strength. However, the limited energy density of current polymer dielectrics limits their wider applications, and there is an urgent need to develop novel polymer dielectric materials. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is favored for biological applications due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. In general, PLA has three optical isomers, namely poly(L-lactide) (PLLA), poly(D-lactide) (PDLA), and poly(DL-lactide) (PDLLA), but the investigation of their dielectric properties remains limited. In this study, a significant increase in energy storage density and charge/discharge efficiency in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was achieved by incorporating isomers of PLA into PMMA. Experimental results indicate that the introduction of PLA creates a phase-separated structure within PMMA, and in particular, the introduction of the crystalline region significantly improved the breakdown strength (<em>E</em><sub>b</sub>). Finally, PLLA/PMMA 50/50 and PDLA/PMMA 50/50 exhibit the discharged energy densities of 8.55 J cm<sup>−3</sup> and 8.18 J cm<sup>−3</sup>, respectively, with charge/discharge efficiencies of 89.6% and 90.9%. This work enables the achievement of all-organic dielectrics with high energy storage density and high efficiency through the construction of phase-separated structures and demonstrates the great potential of biodegradable polymers in electronic devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34151,"journal":{"name":"GIANT","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100340"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666542524001048/pdfft?md5=5fdaadba5fe8c446d394f5b0099d8249&pid=1-s2.0-S2666542524001048-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142270615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GIANT最新文献