Water Cycle最新文献

{"title":"Carbon nanomaterials for emerging contaminant remediation: Addressing pharmaceutical pollution in the water cycle with precision","authors":"D. Mahalakshmi ,&nbsp;Nandhini J ,&nbsp;E. Karthikeyan ,&nbsp;K.K. Karthik ,&nbsp;J. Sujaritha ,&nbsp;V. Vandhana ,&nbsp;R. Lokeshwar","doi":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, and carbon dots (CDs), have emerged as promising solutions for pharmaceutical waste remediation in aquatic environments. CNMs outperform traditional adsorbents such as activated carbon owing to their high surface area, strong adsorption capabilities, and enhanced reactivity, making them effective in capturing and degrading a wide range of pharmaceutical pollutants. CNTs exhibit exceptional adsorption capacities owing to their porous structure and high surface area, whereas graphene and its derivatives offer enhanced adsorption and catalytic properties. CDs, owing to their excellent water solubility and tunable surface functionalities, have shown potential for both the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutical contaminants. The synthesis methods for CNMs, including chemical vapor deposition, hydrothermal synthesis, and laser ablation, can be tailored to produce materials with specific characteristics that enhance their performance in pharmaceutical waste remediation. Numerous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of CNMs in removing various pharmaceutical compounds from aqueous solutions, such as antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and hormones, with superior performance compared to conventional adsorbents, such as activated carbon. However, challenges such as potential nanotoxicity, environmental persistence, and high production costs need to be addressed for the widespread application of CNMs in water treatment. Future research should focus on developing biodegradable and less toxic CNMs, improving synthesis and functionalization techniques for cost-effectiveness, and enhancing the stability and regeneration of CNM-based systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34143,"journal":{"name":"Water Cycle","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 449-472"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144312862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in membrane and electrochemical hybrid technologies for emerging contaminants removal","authors":"Wenchao Xue ,&nbsp;Allan Sriratana Tabucanon ,&nbsp;A.M.S.N. Amarakoon ,&nbsp;Kang Xiao ,&nbsp;Xia Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging contaminants (ECs) pose significant risks to environmental and human health, necessitating advanced treatment technologies. Integrating electrochemical processes with membrane filtration has emerged as a promising solution for preventing the leakage of various ECs in water and wastewater treatment. This review critically evaluates recent applications of hybrid membrane and electrochemical technologies for EC removal, systematically examining various configurations such as two-stage processes, one-pot systems with reactive electrochemical membranes, and electrochemical membrane bioreactors (EMBRs). The review highlights their working mechanisms, performance, and energy efficiencies in removing ECs. It analyzes the potentials and challenges of each hybrid configuration: two-stage processes, while easily integrated into existing systems, face energy efficiency limitations; one-pot systems offer promise in enhancing energy efficiency and membrane self-cleaning but need further research for scalability and long-term effectiveness; and EMBRs, which integrate physical, chemical, and biological processes, require additional studies to optimize performance and address complex interactions. Future research should also focus on understanding the degradation mechanisms and toxicity pathways of ECs, as well as on developing cost-effective and scalable membrane-electrochemical hybrid technologies for newly identified contaminants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34143,"journal":{"name":"Water Cycle","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 176-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and ecological risk of microplastics in different mariculture feeds","authors":"Anqi Ge ,&nbsp;Liuqingqing Liu ,&nbsp;Jialu Xu ,&nbsp;Cuizhu Sun ,&nbsp;Zixi Yuan ,&nbsp;Rongyuan Wang ,&nbsp;Hao Zheng ,&nbsp;Xianxiang Luo ,&nbsp;Lingyun Chen ,&nbsp;Fengmin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pollution of microplastics (MPs) in mariculture animals and its risk to human health remain a growing concern. However, although much attention has been paid to the release of MPs in mariculture facilities, few reports can be found on the occurrence of MPs in mariculture feeds consumed by mariculture animals. Therefore, the present study investigated the occurrence patterns of MPs in 23 types of mariculture feeds for different species at different life history stages, and the related ecological risks of these MPs were also assessed. MPs were prevalent with an average abundance of 5491 ± 2712 particles kg⁻¹ in all the mariculture feeds. Notably, the abundance of MPs in <em>Stichopus japonicus</em> (SJ) feeds was the highest, especially in adult stage feeds of SJ (19683 ± 6789 particles kg⁻¹). The majority of MPs in mariculture feeds were 20–500 μm in size (81.4%), shaped as fragments (66.2%) and fibers (23.5%), mostly transparent (58.5%) and yellow (18.3%) in color, and the polymer types were dominated by polycaprolactone (PCL), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), and cellophane (CP), which together accounted for 61.6%. More importantly, the risk index (H) indicated that MPs in <em>Sebastes schlegelii</em> feeds had high risk (<em>H</em>: 100–1000), while <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>, <em>Penaeus monodon</em>, <em>Stichopus japonicus</em>, and <em>Larimichthys crocea</em> feeds had medium risk (<em>H</em>: 10–100). These findings offer valuable information about MP contamination in mariculture feeds and establish a theoretical foundation for the safe production and use of mariculture feeds, contributing to the development of a risk assessment framework for MPs in mariculture feeds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34143,"journal":{"name":"Water Cycle","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 306-318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143912599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing collaboration between water management and urban planning for climate adaptation: A case study in a Mediterranean region","authors":"Vítor Vinagre ,&nbsp;Teresa Fidélis ,&nbsp;Ana Luís","doi":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The combined pressures of urbanisation, population growth, and climate change on urban water availability create complex challenges. The literature underlines the relevance of collaboration between water management and the spatial planning sector to foster urban adaptation to climate change. However, studies exploring its potential features are scarce. This article designs a collaborative model to foster articulation between water management and spatial planning agencies, and it explores how this type of collaboration can be improved in a water-scarce region (Algarve, Portugal). For this purpose, it analyses how collaboration is considered in current water, spatial and climate-related plans and how in-place practitioners perceive collaboration-related barriers and drivers. The findings show that (i) collaboration for adaptation is poorly integrated in the plans; (ii) practitioners recognise the need for collaboration but (iii) point out the lack of specific guidelines and slow decision-making processes as significant challenges, which could be overcome with an independent adaptation department to spearhead a transition process; (iv) and underline that collaboration could facilitate the design and implementation of urgent measures such as water reuse, rainwater harvesting, or building restrictions. The article offers the scientific community fresh and practical insights into the current understanding of collaboration between the urban water and spatial planning sectors within a water scarcity regional context and how to improve it.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34143,"journal":{"name":"Water Cycle","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 374-386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model bacteria for biofouling research of reverse osmosis membranes","authors":"Yu-Jia Gao ,&nbsp;Rui-Ning Wang ,&nbsp;Yu Hong ,&nbsp;Yin-Hu Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The selection of suitable model bacteria is closely related to biofouling control and mechanism verification. In this work, we discussed the necessity of model bacteria for biofouling research and control. According to our investigation, bacteria can only be defined as model bacteria if three conditions are met: 1) robust attachment capacity to the RO membrane surface; 2) high relative abundance; and 3) high biofouling potential. More importantly, a list of reverse osmosis (RO) biofouling-related model bacteria was given for subsequent research. Bacteria with high secretion capacity tend to cause more severe biofouling. Notably, potential disinfection-resistant bacteria (DRB), which possessed high capacity in extracellular polymeric substance secretion and biofilm formation, were prevalent in fouled RO membranes and deserved priority attention. With the proposed criteria, we hope to provide new insights and principles for selecting model bacteria in RO membrane technology development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34143,"journal":{"name":"Water Cycle","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 254-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigation of PFOA/PFOS toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) by oxidative stress modulation and gut microbial metabolism through the use of aquatic probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus","authors":"Chun Wang ,&nbsp;Guanyi Li ,&nbsp;Sibao Chen ,&nbsp;Ruixuan Li ,&nbsp;Mengyan Wang ,&nbsp;Xia Wang ,&nbsp;Ning Ding ,&nbsp;Yingxue Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) have been classified as typical persistent organic pollutants (POPs), thus the residues and risks in the environment should not be underestimated. In order to ensure healthy aquaculture process and safe aquatic products, it is imperative to explore methods that can effectively mitigate the toxicity of PFOS and PFOA on fish. Research has demonstrated that <em>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</em> can ameliorate the toxic impacts induced by perfluorobutyric acid (PFBS) on zebrafish through regulation of host intestinal microbiota imbalance and enhancement of host antioxidant capacity. However, the potential ameliorative effects of probiotics on the toxic effects caused by PFOA and PFOS in zebrafish have not been studied. In this study, we conducted innovative research to examine the protective effects of <em>L. rhamnosus</em> against PFOA- and PFOS-induced oxidative damage, neurotoxicity, and disruption of intestinal microflora in adult zebrafish. The results demonstrated that <em>L. rhamnosus</em> effectively mitigated the oxidative stress induced by PFOA and PFOS in zebrafish through modulation of oxidative stress indicators (superoxide dismutase, SOD, lactate dehydrogenase, LDH, and catalase, CAT). The impact of PFOA and PFOS on intestinal tissue damage followed the order: PFOA + PFOS &gt; PFOS &gt; PFOA. Additionally, <em>L. rhamnosus</em> exhibited significant reparative effects on damaged intestinal tissues, as evidenced by the restoration of damaged intestinal villi and an increase in lymphocyte count. Furthermore, it was capable of enhancing the abundance of thick-walled phylum and actinomycetes phylum within the zebrafish gut microbiota. Notably, through the analysis of metabolic pathway differences, it was observed that the PFOA-exposure group exhibited a higher proportion of <em>Rhodococcus</em> in the PWY-7315 pathway, whereas <em>L. rhamnosus</em> mitigated this trend. These novel findings not only elucidate the mechanism by which <em>L. rhamnosus</em> efficiently reduces PFOS and PFOA toxicity in zebrafish but also provide a theoretical basis and practical recommendations for utilizing probiotics in aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34143,"journal":{"name":"Water Cycle","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 71-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of N loading on microbial community structure and nitrogen removal of an activated sludge process with long SRT for municipal wastewater treatment","authors":"Quan Yuan ,&nbsp;Yongjuan Du ,&nbsp;Song Chen ,&nbsp;Yikan Zhao ,&nbsp;Yuting Han ,&nbsp;Yuzhu Jiao ,&nbsp;Yingxue Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biological nutrient removal process is pivotal in controlling nitrogen and phosphorus from municipal wastewater treatment and reclamation plants in the water environment. The efficiency of municipal wastewater treatment is affected by the fluctuation of influent quality. In this study, the impact of N loading on the removal efficiency and the microbial community structure of activated sludge with long sludge retention time were investigated. The results showed that the effluent NH₄⁺-N and NO₂⁻-N concentration were lower than 0.5 mg/L, and the TN removal efficiencies were 79.77 % and 65.80 %, respectively. The dehydrogenase activity, specific oxygen uptake rate, specific nitrification rate, and specific denitrification rate increased as the N loading increasing. At the phylum level, the most dominant bacterial was affiliated with Proteobacteria in the two systems, accounting for 60.65 % and 48.62 %, respectively. At the genus level, <em>Acinetobacter</em>, <em>Thauera</em>, and <em>Zoogloea</em> played significant roles in denitrification. The ammonia oxidation bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria were of the genus <em>Nitrosomonas</em> (r-strategist) and <em>Nitrospira</em> (K-strategist).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34143,"journal":{"name":"Water Cycle","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 28-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143105073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon emission characteristics and reduction technologies in urban wastewater systems: A review","authors":"Heqing Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinqi Yu ,&nbsp;Zhexiao Wang ,&nbsp;Lei Sun ,&nbsp;Qingyuan Tong ,&nbsp;Song Xue ,&nbsp;Tong Yang ,&nbsp;Wenqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Roujia Du ,&nbsp;Zhuoyuan Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The urban wastewater system emits greenhouse gases (GHGs), including CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O, throughout the processes of collection, transportation, treatment, and discharge. These emissions account for 1%–2% of total societal GHGs emissions. During decarbonization efforts, CH₄ and fossil-derived CO₂ are the primarily emissions, while N₂O is predominantly released during nitrogen removal processes. Specifically, N₂O emissions are most significant during the aerobic stage, whereas CH₄ emissions dominate in the anaerobic stage. Septic tanks contribute roughly one-third of the total carbon emissions from the entire wastewater system, highlighting the need for improved field monitoring and accounting methods to better understand and manage these emissions. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the current status and underlying mechanisms of carbon emissions at each stage of the urban wastewater system. It also reviews recent advancements in carbon emission reduction technologies. Additionally, the research identifies five key directions for low-carbon development in wastewater treatment: energy recovery, low-carbon nitrogen removal, energy saving and carbon reduction measures, biological carbon sequestration, and intelligent carbon management. These strategies pave the way for reducing both pollution and carbon emissions in urban wastewater systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34143,"journal":{"name":"Water Cycle","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 285-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of membrane technologies in removing emerging contaminants from wastewater: Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration","authors":"Fernando García-Ávila ,&nbsp;Alessandro Zambrano-Jaramillo ,&nbsp;Cinthya Velecela-Garay ,&nbsp;Karla Coronel-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Lorgio Valdiviezo-Gonzales","doi":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pollution by emerging contaminants represents a serious risk to water quality and public health. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review on the effectiveness of advanced technologies, specifically reverse osmosis and nanofiltration, in removing these contaminants. The methodology was based on the PRISMA statement for article selection, ensuring a rigorous and transparent approach. Exhaustive searches were conducted in the Scopus database, and the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes) methodology was applied to formulate clear and structured research questions. This allowed identifying relevant studies addressing the effectiveness of membrane technologies in removing emerging contaminants. The results of the systematic review revealed that both reverse osmosis and nanofiltration are highly effective in reducing emerging contaminants, with removal rates exceeding 90 % in many cases. Reverse osmosis proved to be particularly effective for smaller molecular compounds, while nanofiltration showed good results for larger contaminants. However, significant limitations and challenges have been identified in this field of research, such as membrane fouling, which can reduce process efficiency and increase operating costs. Furthermore, the need for adequate pretreatment to optimize performance and management of waste generated during treatment are critical aspects that require attention. Regarding the costs associated with the implementation of these technologies, the importance of assessing economic viability in large-scale applications is highlighted. Although these technologies offer promising solutions, a comprehensive approach combining advanced treatment with sustainable water management is required to effectively address emerging pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34143,"journal":{"name":"Water Cycle","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 357-373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a composite phosphate corrosion inhibitor on corrosion behavior and water quality stability in drinking water distribution systems","authors":"Zhu Peng ,&nbsp;Tian-Yang Zhang ,&nbsp;Jian Ai ,&nbsp;Ren-Jie Pan ,&nbsp;Dai-Xu Zhang ,&nbsp;Bin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watcyc.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effectiveness of a composite phosphate corrosion inhibitor in enhancing water quality stability in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs), guided by practical engineering needs. Through simulated pipelines and community-scale field experiments, the effects of a corrosion inhibitor on the corrosion of galvanized steel pipes and the decay of residual chlorine were explored. Results indicated that after 30 days of operation, a large amount of iron oxides was generated in the galvanized steel pipe layer of the control group, while the galvanized layer of the experimental group remained basically intact. Additionally, the residual chlorine decay rate after corrosion of the pipeline surface reached 0.091 min⁻¹, and the decay rate of DWDSs was reduced by ∼50% after the addition of corrosion inhibitor. Field experiments further demonstrated that following the introduction of the corrosion inhibitor, the mean total chlorine decay dropped from 0.1 to 0.4 mg/L to 0.05–0.2 mg/L, and the Fe release was effectively inhibited. Meanwhile, the average turbidity of the water in the community stabilized below 0.15 NTU after adding the corrosion inhibitor. The chemical stability of water quality was improved, and there was no significant effect on disinfection by-products and biological stability. The use of composite phosphate corrosion inhibitor offers an effective solution to control both corrosion in DWDSs and residual chlorine decay, thereby contributing to the safety management of drinking water.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34143,"journal":{"name":"Water Cycle","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 506-515"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}