Public Health in Practice最新文献

{"title":"Description of control measures, attitudes, and behaviours at a scientific conference with a confirmed COVID-19 case but no reported onward transmission, November 2021 England","authors":"Katie Wrenn ,&nbsp;Paula Bianca Blomquist ,&nbsp;Petra Manley ,&nbsp;Jin-Min Yuan ,&nbsp;Ellie Gilham ,&nbsp;Hannah Higgins ,&nbsp;Andrew Curran ,&nbsp;Yiqun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) outbreaks in workplace settings have been investigated to understand how transmission occurred. However, there is limited data looking at COVID-19 transmission in conference settings in England, particularly where an outbreak did not occur. The aim of this work was to investigate COVID-19 infection risk factors and control measures at a large conference, with a known case but no reported onward transmission to inform prevention of future outbreaks of respiratory infections in conferences and similar settings.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional study was part of a wider COVID-19 Outbreak Investigation to Understand Transmission (COVID-OUT) study. A two-day in-person conference on SARS-CoV-2 transmission and environment was held at a university conference centre on 17–November 18, 2021, in England, with about 100 delegates. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 50 conference attendees to identify any confirmed cases and understand transmission, history of COVID-19 symptoms, testing and vaccination.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>One person met the definition of a confirmed case at the conference. This case was most likely infectious when attending the conference, however there were no known secondary cases. All respondents reported receiving at least two doses of a COVID-19 vaccine before the conference and an increased frequency of handwashing/sanitising hands during the study period in comparison to before the pandemic. Prior to the conference, a COVID-19 risk assessment including a review of the ventilation at the site was completed. All attendees were advised to take an LFD test before travelling to the conference, wear face coverings, and maintain 1-m distance during the conference.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>A multipronged approach, encouraging attendee behaviours (regular hand washing, mask wearing, being vaccinated against COVID-19) and introducing control measures at the conference site (ventilation, sufficient spacing capacity, combined with prior knowledge of COVID-19 transmission, were effective in limiting the spread of COVID-19 in this setting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100521"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666535224000582/pdfft?md5=ebee72c18f761af24fdca3735199b30f&pid=1-s2.0-S2666535224000582-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141486557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should governments feed all school children?","authors":"Michelle Black,&nbsp;Joseph Williams,&nbsp;Anna Wharton","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100465","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666535224000028/pdfft?md5=1e11d6d4ee55955018fa23ee6064841d&pid=1-s2.0-S2666535224000028-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139631488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food insecurity and its contributing determinants among rural households in the south-western region of Bangladesh, 2021: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Suvasish Das Shuvo,&nbsp;Md Mohtasim Hasan,&nbsp;Tapon Kumar Das,&nbsp;Md Emran Hossain,&nbsp;Tamanna Aktar,&nbsp;Md Riazuddin,&nbsp;Md Sakib Hasan","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted food access, resulting in substantial consequences for food insecurity and contributing to adverse individual and public health outcomes. To comprehensively evaluate these challenges and grasp their implications for food security, this study aimed to evaluate the contributing determinants of food insecurity among rural households in the southwestern region of Bangladesh.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>A cross-sectional study was conducted using a validated questionnaire in selected 310 rural household respondents from the southwestern region of Bangladesh.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Household food insecurity status was the outcome variable for the analysis. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to explore and predict risk factors correlated with food insecurity among southwestern Bangladeshi households.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We found that 59 % and 27.5 % of households were suffering from moderate food insecurity and severe food insecurity, respectively. The multinomial regression model revealed that respondents residing in Kusthia (RRR = 5.56 CI:2.67–8.4 and RRR = 6.65, CI:3.37–9.22) aged between 30 and 40 years (RRR = 2.32, 95 % CI:1.84–3.77 and RRR = 1.87, 95 % CI:1.48–3.97) and 40–50 years (RRR = 1.86 95 % CI:1.46–3.82 and RRR = 1.95, 95 % CI:1.75–3.26) were significantly associated with mild-to-moderate and severe food insecurity. Respondents with a monthly family income of &lt;58.96 USD (3.38 times and 2.18 times), had ≥5 family members (2.68 times and 1.89 times), and had poor income during the pandemic (4.25 times and 2.75 times) more likely to be moderate and severe food insecure.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results emphasized that during the COVID-19 lockdown in Bangladesh, rural households faced diverse levels of food insecurity, ranging from moderate to severe. It suggests that efforts to raise awareness and implement support strategies for those at higher risk should not only focus on income but also consider additional factors such as family size, adults aged 30–40 years, and occupation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100514"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266653522400051X/pdfft?md5=2712cafa2533a4f35675d5a773b51033&pid=1-s2.0-S266653522400051X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141145535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-science case study: COVID-19 vaccines’ effectiveness and safety exaggerated","authors":"Raphael Lataster","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100517","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100517"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666535224000545/pdfft?md5=9e8156c96b200eb08bc04ef207712a77&pid=1-s2.0-S2666535224000545-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141134348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community Culture Survey – Revised: Measuring neighborhood culture and exploring geographic, socioeconomic, and cultural determinants of health in samples across the United States and in Thailand","authors":"Karen L. Pellegrin ,&nbsp;Sarah Hales ,&nbsp;Patrick O'Neil ,&nbsp;Supakit Wongwiwatthananukit ,&nbsp;Suchada Jongrungruangchok ,&nbsp;Thanapat Songsak ,&nbsp;Alicia J. Lozano ,&nbsp;Katharine Miller ,&nbsp;Christina L. Mnatzaganian ,&nbsp;Eduardo Fricovsky ,&nbsp;Claudio R. Nigg ,&nbsp;Michelle Tagorda-Kama ,&nbsp;Alexandra L. Hanlon","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Research on links between social, geographic, and cultural determinants of health has been thwarted by inadequate measures of culture. The purpose of this study was to improve the measurement of community culture, defined as shared patterns of attitudes and behaviors among people within a neighborhood that distinguish it from others, and to examine dimensions of culture, independent of socioeconomic and demographic factors, and their relationships with health.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>A survey research design with correlational analyses was used.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A survey packet including the Community Culture Survey – Revised (CCS-R), demographic, health, and other individual-level measures was administered through convenience sampling across the United States (US) and to a sample in Thailand from 2016 to 2018. US county-level variables were obtained from zip codes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>1930 participants from 49 US states (n = 1592) and Thailand (n = 338) completed all CCS-R items, from which 12 subscales were derived: Social Support &amp; Connectedness, Responsibility for Self &amp; Others, Family Ties &amp; Duties, Social Distress, Urban Diversity, Discontinuity, Church-Engaged, External Resource-Seeking, Locally Owned Business-Active, Power Deference, Next Generation Focus, and Self-Reliance. Neighborhood culture subscale scores varied more by geography than by participant's demographics. All subscales predicted one or more health indicator, and some of these relationships were significant after adjusting for participant age and county-level socioeconomic variables. Most of the significant differences on subscales by race/ethnicity were no longer significant after adjusting for participant's age and county-level socioeconomic variables. Most rural/urban and regional differences in culture within the US persisted after these adjustments. Based on correlational analyses, Social Support &amp; Connectedness and Responsibility for Self &amp; Others were the best predictors of participants' overall health and quality of life, and Responsibility for Self &amp; Others was the best predictor (inversely) of the CDC's measures of social vulnerability.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Neighborhood culture is measurable, multi-dimensional, distinct from race/ethnicity, and related to health even after controlling for age and socioeconomic factors. The CCS-R is useful for advancing research and practice addressing the complex interactions between individuals, their neighborhood communities, and health outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100512"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666535224000491/pdfft?md5=93f15b0405970fa7d8dfae7e328c997a&pid=1-s2.0-S2666535224000491-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141135910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Final assessment of the COVID-19 pandemic impact between the different social and economic strata population of the city of Buenos Aires","authors":"Alejandro Macchia ,&nbsp;Cristian Biscayart ,&nbsp;Patricia Angeleri ,&nbsp;Javier Mariani ,&nbsp;Daniel Ferrante","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>During the pandemic, epidemiological communications reported an estimation of excess deaths. However, the final calculation requires a detailed analysis. The study aim was to ascertain the number and distribution of COVID-19 fatalities among various socio-economic strata in a large, moderate to low-income city.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Observational time series analysis in a large city, treated as a natural experiment.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Analysis of death certificates, demographic data, and health system records of positive RT-PCR COVID-19 tests from 2015 to 2021, categorizing by age, sex, and place of residence. The study measured the pandemic's impact on mortality, including COVID and non-COVID deaths, using corrected Poisson regression models for different demographics and assessing socio-economic status impact via ecological community-level analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared to the pre-pandemic period (2015–2019, IRR = 1.00), the sex- and age-adjusted rate of all-cause death increased significantly during the pandemic (2020–2021) IRR = 1.109 [1.054–1.167], p &lt; 0.0001. This was observed in both males (IRR = 1.158 [1.1–1.219], p &lt; 0.0001) and females (IRR = 1.068 [1.016–1.124], p = 0.01). There was no observed effect of the pandemic on the historical trend in the progressive reduction of mortality in people under 35 years of age. The increase in deaths was at the expense of COVID (+11,175 deaths) and cardiovascular causes (IRR = 1.114 [1.020–1.217] p = 0.017). During the pandemic, there was a significant increase in deaths at home (IRR = 1.219 [1197–1.242], p &lt; 0.0001), especially in people dying of cardiovascular causes (IRR = 1.391 [1.360–1.422], p &lt; 0.0001). The increase in the adjusted mortality rate during the pandemic was socially conditioned.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The pandemic not only led to increased COVID-19 mortality but also heightened fatalities from non-COVID causes, reflecting a potential bias in healthcare resource allocation towards SARS-CoV-2 at the expense of chronic pathologies care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100511"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266653522400048X/pdfft?md5=0b7a5ff278ae751791860d4575760fd2&pid=1-s2.0-S266653522400048X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141145707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A phenomenological qualitative study of male-partners perspectives of maternity waiting homes in rural Ethiopia","authors":"Teklemariam Ergat Yarinbab ,&nbsp;Hailay Abrha Gesesew ,&nbsp;Tefera Belachew","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The implementation of maternity waiting home (MWH) has been used as a strategy to improve maternal health outcomes in low-resource settings such as Ethiopia. However, MWH utilization is low in Ethiopia, and women's access to MWH depends largely on male partners' decisions. This study explored male-partners perspectives of MWHs including their experiences of paternal support in rural Ethiopia.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>An exploratory qualitative study with a phenomenological methodological orientation was performed.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study was conducted in Ana-Lemo and Gibe districts of Hadiya Zone, in rural Southern Ethiopia. The study participants were male partners. A purposive sampling technique was used to recruit 47 participants. Data were collected from May 10–25, 2023. Four focus group discussions, 15 in-depth interviews, and observations were conducted. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and the thematic content analysis was performed using ATLAS.ti 7.1.4 software.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This study showed that male-partners participated in spousal communication and provided practical support such as sharing household chores and financial support; however, they did not accompany their spouses to health facilities. Long distances, lack of transportation, poor referral services, and perceived poor quality of care were barriers to maternal health services. Furthermore, male-partners demonstrated poor awareness and unfavorable attitudes of MWHs.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Male-partners participated in spousal communication, shared household chores and provided financial support to their spouses; however, they did not accompany them to health facilities. They had poor awareness and unfavorable attitudes of MWHs. Creating awareness among male partners may improve their attitude towards MWHs and other maternal health services in rural Ethiopia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100513"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666535224000508/pdfft?md5=963f61c52fd8d74dd11b190b25668cfd&pid=1-s2.0-S2666535224000508-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141096169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between high–risk fertility behaviors and neonatal mortality in Ethiopia: A multilevel mixed-effects logit models from 2019 Ethiopian mini demographic and health survey","authors":"Hassen Ali Hamza ,&nbsp;Abbas Ahmed Mohammed ,&nbsp;Sadat Mohammed ,&nbsp;Mohammed Feyisso Shaka","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aimed to explore the association between high–risk fertility behaviors and neonatal mortality in Ethiopia.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2019 Ethiopian Mini-Demographic and Health Survey.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Mixed-effects logit regression models were fitted to 5527 children nested within 305 clusters. The definition of high-risk fertility behavior was adopted from the 2019 EMDHS. The fixed effects (the association between the outcome variable and the explanatory variables) were expressed as adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals and measures of variation explained by intra-class correlation coefficients, median odds ratio, and proportional change invariance.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The presence of births with any multiple high-risk fertility behaviors was associated with a 70 % higher risk of neonatal mortality (AOR = 1.7, (95 % CI: 1.2, 2.3) than those with no high-risk fertility behavior. From the combined risks of high-risk fertility behaviors, the combination of preceding birth interval &lt;24 months and birth order four or higher had an 80 % increased risk of neonatal mortality (AOR = 1.8, (95 % CI, 1.2, 2.7) as compared to those who did not have either of the two. The 3-way risks (combination of preceding birth interval &lt;24 months, birth order 4+, and mother's age at birth 34+) were associated with approximately four times increased odds of neonatal mortality (AOR (95 % CI:3.9 (2.1, 7.4)].</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>High-risk fertility behavior is a critical predictor of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia, with three-way high-risk fertility behaviors increasing the risk of neonatal mortality fourfold. In addition, antenatal follow-up was the only non-high fertility behavioral factor significantly associated with the risk of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100515"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666535224000521/pdfft?md5=4bb3c87627edbada96d4e5a2483d9af1&pid=1-s2.0-S2666535224000521-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141132078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing the embedded researcher role: Learning from the first year of the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), Health Determinants Research Collaboration (HDRC), Doncaster, UK","authors":"E. Holding ,&nbsp;R. Gettings ,&nbsp;A. Foster ,&nbsp;L. Dowrick ,&nbsp;S. Hampshaw ,&nbsp;A. Haywood ,&nbsp;C. Homer ,&nbsp;A. Booth ,&nbsp;E. Goyder","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Strategies to embed research knowledge into decision making contexts include the Embedded Research (ER) model, which involves the collocation of academic researchers in non-academic organisations such as hospitals and local authorities. A local authority in Doncaster, United Kingdom (UK) has adopted an embedded researcher model within the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), Health Determinants Research Collaboration (HDRC). This five-year collaboration enables universities and local authorities to work together to reduce health inequalities and target the social determinants of health. Building on previous embedded research models, this approach is unique due to its significant scale and long-term investment. In this opinion paper Embedded Researchers (ERs) reflect on their experiences of the first year of the collaboration.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>A reflective consultation exercise.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Observation of HDRC delivery meetings, as well as informal discussions and a short proforma with ERs (N = 8).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>ERs valued the five-year timeframe which provided a unique opportunity for strengthened relationships and to apply formative learning as the programme progressed. However, differences in knowledge of undertaking research across the HDRC team and between practitioners and academics require each to respect different professional experiences and to avoid potential power imbalances. Diverse projects required researchers to be generalists, applying their expertise to multiple topics. This requires careful priority setting alongside workload and expectation management.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The significant scale and investment of the HDRC provides a unique opportunity for developing the ER role by applying formative learning as the programme progresses. However, success will require careful management of workload allocation and relationships between ERs and practitioners. Further learning on how to embed ERs within local authority contexts will emerge as the programme matures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666535224000533/pdfft?md5=435959e3b0d3119cf236f7cea3015319&pid=1-s2.0-S2666535224000533-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141096170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stakeholders’ experiences with school-based immunization programs during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Canadian Maritimes: A qualitative study","authors":"Allyson J. Gallant ,&nbsp;Catie Johnson ,&nbsp;Audrey Steenbeek ,&nbsp;Jeanna Parsons Leigh ,&nbsp;Scott A. Halperin ,&nbsp;Janet A. Curran","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>School-based immunization programs (SBIP) support access to routine vaccines for adolescents. Across Canada, the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent public health measures affected SBIP and vaccine uptake. The objectives of this study were to explore 1.) stakeholders' experiences with SBIP and changes to programs during COVID-19 in Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick, and 2.) how the pandemic affected parents' and adolescents’ vaccine views.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Semi-structured interviews with decision makers, healthcare providers, teachers, parents and adolescents between February–August 2023.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The COM-B model and Theoretical Domains Framework informed interview guides. Deductive and inductive analyses saw participant quotes mapped to relevant model components and domains by two coders. Belief statements were generated within each stakeholder group then compared to identify themes and subthemes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Participants (n = 39) identified five themes: 1) enablers to SBIP delivery, 2) barriers to SBIP delivery, 3) desired changes to SBIP delivery, 4) student anxiety, and 5) vaccination views and changes since the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health measures facilitated more space for clinics, as did taking smaller cohorts of students. School staff-healthcare provider relationships could help or hinder programs, particularly with high turnover in both professions during the pandemic. Adolescents played a passive role in vaccine decision making, with mothers often being the sole decision maker. We did not identify any changes in hesitancy towards routine vaccines since the pandemic.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We identified a range of barriers and enablers to SBIP, many of which were exacerbated by the pandemic. Efforts are needed to ensure SBIP and catch-up programming remains accessible for all adolescents to catch-up on missed vaccines before graduation. Parents and adolescents’ vaccination views suggest changes in vaccine coverage since the pandemic may be due to accessibility of services rather than vaccine hesitancy. Future research is needed to engage adolescents in their vaccine decisions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100505"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666535224000429/pdfft?md5=7e091361c78202ffecfdb12e32e7adb7&pid=1-s2.0-S2666535224000429-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141068096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}