Open Ceramics最新文献

{"title":"Mechanical performance and microstructural evolution of yttria-stabilized zirconia ceramics processed via direct ink writing","authors":"Mona Yarahmadi ,&nbsp;Junhui Zhang ,&nbsp;Laia Ortiz-Membrado ,&nbsp;Marc Serra ,&nbsp;Laura Cabezas ,&nbsp;Joan Josep Roa ,&nbsp;Luis Llanes ,&nbsp;Gemma Fargas","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the mechanical and microstructural properties of yttria-stabilized zirconia ceramics with varying Y₂O₃ content (3–5 mol. %) fabricated via Direct Ink Writing (DIW) and and compared with those produced by Cold Isostatic Pressing (CIP). XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and electron microscopy analyses confirmed that increasing Y₂O₃ content promotes higher cubic phase fractions and grain coarsening, which enhances hardness but reduces indentation fracture toughness. Despite achieving near-theoretical densities (∼95 %), the DIW specimens exhibited lower mechanical performance due to processing-induced porosity and interlayer flaws. For the same 3Y-ZrO₂ composition, the flexural strength decreased substantially—from ∼800 MPa in CIP-processed samples to ∼500 MPa in DIW-processed ones—due to defects introduced during the DIW process. These results underscore the crucial role of microstructure and defect control in enhancing the performance of additively manufactured zirconia for structural applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100888"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicon carbide bonded diamond materials prepared by reactive infiltration with silicides","authors":"Mathias Herrmann ,&nbsp;Jesus Andres Quintana Freire ,&nbsp;Sören Höhn ,&nbsp;Björn Matthey ,&nbsp;Alexander Michaelis","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>SiC-bonded diamond composite materials, which are produced by reactive infiltration of diamond preforms with liquid silicon, have excellent wear and thermal properties. During infiltration, SiC and residual silicon (2–10 vol.%) are formed. The residual silicon has a negative effect on the properties. To minimize this influence, the infiltration of the diamond preforms with eutectic mixtures of Si and TiSi₂, and VSi₂, as well as the infiltration of TiC-containing diamond preforms, was tested. The structures were analyzed in detail using scanning electron microscopy (including EDX and EBSD) and X-ray phase analysis. In the case of infiltration with TiSi₂/Si and the TiC-containing preforms, the formation of TiC and the MAX phase (Ti₃SiC₂) was detected. The Si content in dense, completely infiltrated materials can thus be almost completely eliminated. This is mainly due to the changed passivation of the diamonds by the Ti-containing melts compared to the pure Si melt. The results show that SiC-bonded diamond composite materials with interesting mechanical and electrical properties can be produced in this way.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100880"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145555103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using possibilities of the Central Anatolian syenites as fluxing agent for producing the porcelain tiles","authors":"Elvan Deniz ,&nbsp;Mehmet Uğur Taşkıran ,&nbsp;Yıldız Yıldırım ,&nbsp;Kağan Kayacı ,&nbsp;Şengül Can Genç ,&nbsp;Enrique Sánchez Vilches ,&nbsp;Vicente Sanz Solana","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2026.100926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2026.100926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcelain stoneware tiles are inorganic products that have been used in recent years as covering materials for both interior and exterior applications. These products are mainly made from a mixture of clay, kaolin and alkali fluxes. Nepheline syenites are raw materials used for the production of ceramic tiles due to their high alumina and alkali content, low silica content and low viscosity. In this study, the possibilities of using some alkali sources, especially syenite and nepheline syenite, found in between the Kırşehir and Yozgat, and surroundings in Central Anatolia, in porcelain tile formulations from 10 % to 40 % were investigated. Syenites are known to consist mainly of K- and Na- feldspars and contain index minerals such as quartz and nepheline according to their silica saturation. In this study, chemical, mineralogical and petrographical analyses of syenites used in porcelain tile structures were carried out and their technological properties were determined by firing at porcelain tile firing temperatures with standard albite and alkali feldspar sources. On the basis of these data, the values of bulk density, firing shrinkage ( %), water absorption (%), breaking strength (N/mm²) and colour (L, a, b) of the porcelain tile bodies with 40 % inclusion in the porcelain tile body after firing were determined and their comparisons with standard porcelain tile bodies were made. In addition, the sintering behaviour of the tile bodies at different temperature conditions were investigated and the fired phase analysis was determined by XRD (X-ray diffractometer) and the microstructure of all bodies was investigated by SEM (scanning electron microscope). As a result, it was observed that some syenites in Yozgat, Kırşehir and its surroundings are good fluxing raw materials and have the potential to be used in porcelain tiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100926"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of annealing dwell time on piezoelectric properties of KNN thin films: Phase insensitive behavior","authors":"Binjie Chen ,&nbsp;Fang-Zhou Yao ,&nbsp;Zhongshang Dou ,&nbsp;Wenying Fan ,&nbsp;Dongfang Yu ,&nbsp;Binglin Shen ,&nbsp;Chao-Feng Wu ,&nbsp;Qiang He ,&nbsp;Chen Tian ,&nbsp;Sheng Hu ,&nbsp;Wen Gong ,&nbsp;Ke Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amorphous potassium sodium niobate (KNN) thin films were deposited onto Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si substrates at 200 °C using magnetron sputtering. The resultant films were then annealed in an alkali metal element atmosphere formed by alkali metal carbonates. The influence of annealing dwell time on the films' properties was investigated. It was observed that while the overall crystalline phase and elemental composition of the films remained essentially unchanged, their electrical characteristics exhibited systematic variations. Microscopic analysis revealed that extending the annealing time within an optimal range facilitated the formation of ferroelectric domain structures and enhanced piezoresponse phase contrast between domains. However, prolonged annealing led to localized phase segregation, resulting in performance degradation. Our results provide useful insights into the fabrication of KNN thin films using magnetron sputtering or other thermally involved synthesis methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100892"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of CdS and ZnS to enhance the photocatalytic degradation of fluoroquinolone antibiotics and textile dye","authors":"Md. Atikur Rahman ,&nbsp;Promit Debnath ,&nbsp;Md. Tanvir Hossain ,&nbsp;Muhammad Shahriar Bashar ,&nbsp;Subarna Sandhani Dey ,&nbsp;Samina Ahmed ,&nbsp;Md. Sahadat Hossain","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2026.100917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2026.100917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents CdS and ZnS nanoparticles as multifunctional photocatalysts for simultaneous degradation of fluoroquinolone antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin) and Congo red dye with concurrent antimicrobial activity under visible-light irradiation. Nanoparticles synthesized via chemical precipitation exhibited cubic zinc-blende structures with crystallite sizes of 2.1 -2.6 nm (CdS) and 23.5-31.3 nm (ZnS), confirmed by XRD analysis. FTIR spectroscopy revealed metal-sulfur lattice vibrations at 632 cm^-1 (Cd-S) and 650 cm^-1 (Zn-S), while EDX confirmed stoichiometric composition (CdS: 75.01 wt% Cd, 24.99 wt% S). Williamson-Hall analysis indicated microstrain values of 1.98-7.77 × 10^-3 for CdS and 4.42-5.89 × 10^-2 for ZnS, suggesting moderate lattice distortion. CdS demonstrated superior photocatalytic performance attributed to its optimal bandgap and point of zero charge (PZC ≈ 6.0), achieving near-complete degradation of target pollutants through enhanced reactive oxygen species generation. Antimicrobial assays revealed CdS exhibited broad-spectrum activity against <em>S.aureus</em> (9.3±0.36 mm) and <em>S.abony</em> (8.3±0.42 mm), while ZnS showed limited activity only against <em>S.abony</em> (9.5±0.50 mm). Both materials remained inactive against <em>L. monocytogenes, E. coli</em> and <em>Candida albicans</em> (&lt;6 mm). The superior multifunctional performance of CdS, combining efficient visible-light photocatalysis with selective antimicrobial activity, establishes it as a promising single-material solution for next-generation water treatment systems addressing pharmaceutical contamination and microbial threats in aquatic environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100917"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of granite wastes addition on porcelain rheological and technological properties for design jewellery and accessories production by direct ink writing","authors":"Matteo Mor,&nbsp;Alex Sangiorgi,&nbsp;Sonia Conte,&nbsp;Guia Guarini,&nbsp;Chiara Zanelli,&nbsp;Chiara Molinari","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Additive manufacturing technologies have reshaped the fashion factory, giving to designer infinite creative possibility. Unlike traditional manufacturing methods, only the material necessary to build-up the object is employed, reducing waste production and improving sustainability. Direct Ink Writing (DIW) is the primary technique used for jewellery and accessories production, enabling the production of high-resolution ceramic products allowing to ink customization. Furthermore, wastes valorisation has become a cross-sector hot topic, to reduce raw materials costs and landfill volumes. The ceramic factory has been at the forefront for years of both resource efficiency and the circular economy. The possibility of ennobling waste in high artistic value creations is certainly a challenge of the contemporary world. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility to produce waste based ceramic objects starting from eco-friendly inks formulation. For this purpose, two mining scraps were selected. The results obtained show an effective possibility of using waste materials. Starting from a commercial porcelain mixture, different amounts of granite waste were added (from 5 to 30 % w/w). Additionally, water and glycerol were used to optimize the formulations, and the achieved inks were rheologically characterized. Samples were shaped by DIW technology, dried and fired at 1220 °C. The obtained materials and samples were characterized by hot stage microscopy, SEM microscopy, colorimetry, XRD analysis and flexural strength to evaluate the influence of the different components on the final properties. The obtained results show an effective possibility of using waste materials for DIW inks formulation and printing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100897"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual effects of amorphous SiO2 in ZrO2-SiO2 nanoceramics: Enable viscous flow sintering and inhibit grain coarsening","authors":"Le Fu ,&nbsp;Mingxi Deng ,&nbsp;Zihua Lei ,&nbsp;Jiang Li ,&nbsp;Wei Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we investigated the effects of amorphous SiO₂ on the sintering mechanism and grain coarsening behavior of ZrO₂ nanograins in ZrO₂–SiO₂ nanocrystalline ceramics (NCCs) during pressureless sintering (PLS). Two NCCs with different ZrO₂/SiO₂ molar ratios (65 %:35 % and 50 %:50 %) were fabricated and subsequently sintered via PLS. Their densification behavior and phase composition were analyzed. The SiO₂ content had a significant effect on the activation of viscous flow sintering. The NCC containing 50 mol% SiO₂ achieved high densification after sintering at 1210 °C, whereas a higher temperature of 1250 °C was required to enable significant densification in the NCC with 35 mol% SiO₂. The crystallization of ZrO₂ restricted the viscous flow of SiO₂, thereby impeding the densification process. Hot isostatic pressing did not eliminate the residual pores remaining after PLS. The SiO₂ matrix was capable of inhibiting the coarsening of ZrO₂ nanograins by acting as a diffusion barrier. These findings reveal the dual effects of amorphous SiO₂ during PLS and provide guidance for the fabrication of dense NCCs with minimal grain coarsening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100889"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chert: From diagenesis and formation processes to industrial and ceramic applications","authors":"Sahar Oun ,&nbsp;Youssef El Hafiane ,&nbsp;Basma Samet ,&nbsp;Mongi Felhi ,&nbsp;Ali Tlili ,&nbsp;Agnès Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2026.100925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2026.100925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcelanite and chert are silica-rich sedimentary rocks composed of varying proportions of megaquartz, microcrystalline quartz, chalcedony, opal-CT, and opal-A. Both porcelanite and chert are characterized by their high silica purity, fine-grained texture, and distinctive porcelain-like sheen. Their scientific classification largely depends on the relative proportions of silica phases (opal-A/amorphous silica, opal-CT, cristobalite, tridymite, and quartz). Studying these materials is essential for reconstructing ancient sedimentary environments, understanding diagenetic processes including the general formation pathway involving the initial precipitation of amorphous silica followed by successive transformations from opal-A to opal-CT, then to cristobalite/tridymite, and ultimately to microcrystalline quartz, and tracing the evolution of the terrestrial biosphere.</div><div>Furthermore, their diverse applications from archaeology to advanced technological industries make them subjects of multidisciplinary interest. This review aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge on silica-rich sedimentary rocks, with a focus on their formation processes, physicochemical properties, industrial uses, as well as ongoing scientific debates and future research directions. It also explores the main analytical techniques used (such as X-ray diffraction, chemical analysis, SEM, and optical petrography) in their investigation, highlights recent findings, and discusses the broader implications of these discoveries, particularly for the development of advanced ceramics, selected biomedical applications, wastewater filtration and treatment technologies, and innovations in the construction-material sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100925"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of sustainable ceramic floor tiles using eco-friendly binders derived from plastic wastes through chemical recycling","authors":"Yunusu Bwambale ,&nbsp;Vianney Andrew Yiga ,&nbsp;Michael Lubwama ,&nbsp;Moses Kigozi ,&nbsp;Andrew Wabwire","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2026.100929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2026.100929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The accumulation of plastic waste, particularly polyethylene terephthalate (PET), presents a growing environmental threat due to its non-biodegradable nature and limited recycling efficiency using conventional methods. This research explored a sustainable solution by chemically recycling PET plastic waste into monomers and integrating them as binding agents in ceramic floor tile production. Two chemical recycling techniques, glycolysis and ammonolysis, were used to depolymerize PET wastes into monomers of Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) and terephthalamide derivatives, respectively. Monomers were incorporated in clay to form clay-based ceramic tiles using a fixed clay mass of 200 g and varying monomer volumes of 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90 ml. The key properties such as thermal conductivity, water absorption, density, specific gravity, flexural strength, and compressive strength were carried out on tiles according to relevant ASTM <span><span>and</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> ISO standards. To further understand the structural integration and chemical composition of the tiles, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy with Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) were also conducted. SEM images displayed a more compact and homogenous microstructure in tiles produced using glycolyzed PET monomers, while EDX analysis confirmed the elemental composition, including the distribution of Si, Al, Fe, and traces of carbon indicative of monomer integration. These findings provided insight into the microstructural and molecular interactions between the recycled PET waste monomers and ceramic components. Results indicated that tiles made using glycolysis-based monomers exhibited better mechanical and thermal properties than those from ammonolysis, with compressive strengths reaching 34.25 MPa and flexural strengths exceeding 14 MPa at optimal monomer volume. Water absorption rates declined with increasing monomer content, indicating reduced porosity and improved structural integrity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100929"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies for optimized microstructure evolution during sintering","authors":"Friedrich Raether,&nbsp;Gerhard Seifert","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel integrated microstructure model on sintering (IMS) was recently introduced. It deals with solid state sintering processes and includes grain boundary and surface diffusion as well as grain growth. To obtain a realistic simulation, the model combines four established approaches: 1. analytical sintering equations, 2. an ideal sintering model for interface energy minimization, 3. a Monte Carlo model for atomic diffusion processes and 4. a model for particle rearrangement. Compared to a previous version the IMS algorithm has been significantly improved and extended. Among other things, grain growth can now be simulated under realistic conditions and particle rotations are considered. The model is presented in detail. Simulation results allow conclusions on practical strategies to improve homogeneity and reduce grain growth during sintering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100900"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}