Review of advances and challenges in alkali-activated materials from dredged sediments

IF 2.9 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Open Ceramics Pub Date : 2025-07-06 DOI:10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100824

Amine el Mahdi Safhi , Shima Pilehvar , Mahdi Kioumarsi

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Abstract

Dredging worldwide generates over 1 billion m³ of sediments annually, creating disposal and environmental challenges. Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) offer a circular pathway by converting dredged sediments (DS) into sustainable binders and aggregates. This review synthesizes 32 studies on DS-based AAMs, detailing sediments chemistry, pretreatment routes, mix-design strategies, performance, and field cases. Calcination or mechanochemical activation elevates DS reactivity, producing binders that achieve 28-day compressive strengths of 15–40 MPa and durable matrices resistant to sulfate, freeze–thaw, and carbonation. Processed DS sands can fully or partially replace natural fine aggregates while maintaining ≥25 MPa concrete strength. AAM matrices immobilize heavy metals, keeping leachate below inert-waste thresholds. Key knowledge gaps remain in standardized mix design, long-term durability, and regulatory acceptance. The review outlines research and policy priorities to scale DS-AAM technologies for low-carbon infrastructure.

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疏浚沉积物碱活性材料研究进展与挑战综述

全球疏浚每年产生超过10亿立方米的沉积物，造成处置和环境挑战。碱活化材料（AAMs）通过将疏浚沉积物（DS）转化为可持续的粘合剂和聚集体，提供了一条循环途径。本文综述了基于dss的AAMs的32项研究，详细介绍了沉积物化学、预处理路线、混合设计策略、性能和现场案例。煅烧或机械化学活化提高了DS的反应活性，生产的粘合剂可达到28天15-40 MPa的抗压强度，并且具有耐硫酸盐、冻融和碳酸化的耐用性。加工后的DS砂可以完全或部分替代天然细骨料，同时保持混凝土强度≥25 MPa。AAM基质固定重金属，使渗滤液保持在惰性废物阈值以下。关键的知识差距仍然存在于标准化混合设计、长期耐久性和监管接受度方面。该报告概述了在低碳基础设施中推广DS-AAM技术的研究和政策重点。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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