International Journal of Public Health and Pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Factors Associated with Intention to Use Alcohol Among In-School Adolescents in Ado-Odo/Ota Ogun State Nigeria","authors":"Emili A. L., Titilayo O.","doi":"10.52589/ijphp-vclmbfib","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ijphp-vclmbfib","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Understanding the factors that contribute to an individual's intention to use alcohol is crucial in developing effective prevention and intervention strategies. Hence, this study investigated the various factors that influence the intention to use alcohol among in-school adolescents. Methodology: A multistage probability sampling method was adopted to select the schools in Ado-Odo/Ota Local Government Area. Result: More than half, 227 (53.7%) of the respondents had a high level of knowledge regarding alcohol consumption; majority, 255 (60.3%) of the respondents had a negative attitude towards alcohol consumption. Majority, 309 (73.0%) of the respondents had a negative subjective norm; majority, 308 (72.8%) of the respondents had poor intentions towards alcohol consumption. Conclusion: The result showed that respondents’ families, friends, media, and environment contributed immensely to respondents’ intention to use alcohol. Insufficient knowledge, attitude, and subjective norms (such as family, friends, media, and environment) all played a role in respondents’ intention to consume alcohol in the future.","PeriodicalId":341135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Pharmacology","volume":"103 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141820991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori Infection and Its Associated Risk Factors among Secondary School Students in Benin City, Edo State","authors":"Imade, P. E., Izevbuwa, O. E.","doi":"10.52589/ijphp-zoinz4if","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ijphp-zoinz4if","url":null,"abstract":"Helicobacter pylori infection is a prevalent gastrointestinal condition with significant public health implications, particularly among adolescents. Understanding its prevalence and associated risk factors among secondary school students is crucial for effective prevention and management strategies. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of H. pylori among secondary school students in Benin City and investigate associated risk factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 secondary school students in Benin City. Participants provided stool samples for H. pylori antigen testing and completed a questionnaire regarding demographic information, housing conditions, hygiene practices, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Data were analysed using SPSS version 22.0. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) among secondary school students in Benin City was 32% (128/400). Significant associations were found between H. pylori infection and age, housing conditions (specifically residing in rooming apartments), and handwashing after defecation (p<0.05). Gender, number of persons per room, cleanup behaviour after defecation and toilet type were not significantly associated with H. pylori prevalence (p>0.05). Symptoms such as epigastric pain and blood in stool were significantly associated with H. pylori positivity (p<0.05), while bloating and loss of appetite showed no significant association (p>0.05). In conclusion, the prevalence of H pylori among secondary school students is high, emphasising the need for targeted interventions to reduce transmission, promote hygiene practices, address associated symptoms and implement effective prevention strategies within this population.","PeriodicalId":341135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Pharmacology","volume":"120 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141820798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling the Impact of Relapse and Weaning Off Immunity on Hepatitis B Virus Transmission Dynamics","authors":"Nwaokolo M. A., Oguche A. J., Umaru R., Nwaokolo B.","doi":"10.52589/ijphp-rrt1w4ki","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ijphp-rrt1w4ki","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we present a numerical simulation of the impact of relapse in patients with chronic HBV infection and weaning off immunity on vaccinated individuals within the transmission dynamics of Hepatitis B. The sensitivity analysis result establishes that relapse rate and weaning off immunity increase the value of the effective reproduction number when it is increased. Similarly, the result of the numerical simulation reveals that the combined effect of relapse and weaning off immunity increases the number of infected persons and thus, increases the spread of the Hepatitis B Virus. Also, relapse delays the quick response to the treatment regimen which consequently slows down the potential of recovery from the infection, whereas, weaning off immunity reduces the number of vaccinated individuals.","PeriodicalId":341135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Pharmacology","volume":"18 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141688163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Existence, Uniqueness and Positivity of Solution of the Impact of Vaccination and Treatment in Controlling the Spread of Hepatitis B Virus with Infective Migrants","authors":"Nwaokolo M. A., Oguche A. J., Twan S. M.","doi":"10.52589/ijphp-ilxytcac","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ijphp-ilxytcac","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we extend a mathematical model on the impact of vaccination and treatment in controlling the spread of Hepatitis B Virus with infective migrants. Finally, we transform the model into proportions where we investigate and prove a theorem on the existence, uniqueness and positivity of the solution of the governing model in a positive invariant region.","PeriodicalId":341135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Pharmacology","volume":"6 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141686102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Analysis of Knowledge, Perception, and Preparedness of Ghanaian Pharmacists Towards a Pandemic or Another Wave of COVID-19","authors":"Victor C. W., Benoit B. N.","doi":"10.52589/ijphp-zvmwxtps","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ijphp-zvmwxtps","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the decline in infection and death rates, COVID-19 remains a significant global health concern. This study delves into Ghanaian pharmacists' knowledge, perception, and preparedness towards a pandemic or another wave of COVID-19. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among pharmacists across all 16 regions of Ghana between May and July of 2023, with a total of 1199 responses recorded. The data was analyzed using IBM Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS). Of the respondents, 629 (52.5%) were males, while 570 (47.5%) were females. Our study reveals that 98% of the participants provided positive feedback about knowledge-related questions. The study also found an adequate understanding of pharmacists' attitudes toward coronavirus symptoms, transmission, disease severity, and preventive measures. Ghanaian pharmacists' responses toward the perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 were analyzed using questions related to disease contamination, contracting, and fear level due to the disease. The optimistic behaviour and perception of Ghanaian pharmacists were commendable. However, only 45% of the pharmacists were confident about their level of preparedness, underlining the urgent need for updated information and infection control policies. Infection control policies with updated information should be available for all healthcare professionals. Moreover, Ghana needs a blueprint for pandemic management.","PeriodicalId":341135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Pharmacology","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141700817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteriological Quality of Beef Sold at different Retail Points in Owo Metropolis","authors":"Imoru, A., Awoneye, O. O., I. J. O.","doi":"10.52589/ijphp-xckwo6ci","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ijphp-xckwo6ci","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to investigate the bacteriological characteristics of fresh beef sold in various retail centers within the Owo communities, located in Ondo State, Nigeria. Samples were collected from six different locations using a systematic random sampling method, with two samples collected from each location—one in the morning (M) and the other in the evening (E). The standard procedure for isolating microorganisms was followed. Morphological and biochemical characterization of isolates are presented in Table 1, while Table 2 displays bacterial counts on the fresh beef samples over a period of ten days. On the first day of analysis, the sample from Ikare Junction exhibited the highest bacterial counts (152 x 105cfu/g for the morning sample and 276 x 105cfu/g for the evening sample), which was statistically significant (p±>0.05). Conversely, the sample from Ehin-ogbe had the lowest bacterial count (36 x 105cfu/g) in the morning, while the sample from Ijebu had 116 x 105cfu/g in the evening. There was a noteworthy (p±>0.05) disparity between morning and evening samples across all locations, with the evening samples consistently showing higher bacterial counts. This discrepancy could be attributed to prolonged exposure to contamination over time. Table 1 also revealed the probable organisms according to the biochemical and morphological characterization of the isolates. The isolates were E. coli, Enterobacter spp., Serratia spp., Citrobacter spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidemidis, Bacillus subtilis, K. preumomiae, Lactobacillus spp., Leuconostoc spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Preteus mirabilis, Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. The presence of these organisms in fresh beef depicts a deplorable state of poor hygienic and sanitary practices employed in the slaughtering and processing of fresh beef. Their presence indicates a public health hazard and gives a warning signal for the possible occurrence of food-borne intoxication. Proper hygiene practices should be observed during handling, marketing, and calls for concerted efforts on the part of relevant authorities to check the trend since it is a public health challenge.","PeriodicalId":341135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Pharmacology","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141689434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge Attitude and Practice of Pregnant Women Towards Physical Exercise in Agege Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria","authors":"Obi- Nicholas F.C., Ajayi O.C., Aina O.J., Kwarbai A.M., Ubiaza E.L.","doi":"10.52589/ijphp-yfgrnjrs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ijphp-yfgrnjrs","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pregnancy is a good time to develop a healthy lifestyle in pregnant women which includes physical exercise. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of physical exercise among pregnant women in Agege local government area in Lagos state, Nigeria. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey method was used; 400 pregnant women were recruited into the study using convenience sampling technique. A structured and validated questionnaire was designed to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of pregnant women towards physical exercise was used to collect data. All the results were tested at 0.05 level of confidence. Results: The result showed that 36% of the pregnant women were between the age of 21-25 years and more than 35% were between 15-20 years, more than (71%) of the women have heard about physical exercise. Nevertheless, only 52% of the pregnant women engaged in physical exercise. Most (54.0%) of them actually prefer domestic activities over real physical exercise. The result suggests that women’s knowledge concerning physical exercise during pregnancy is reasonable and their attitude is positive; however, a large number do not practice physical exercise. Antenatal program may be tailored into introducing guided physical exercise and introduce pregnant women into guided models of fitting exercises for each trimester. Conclusion: Physical exercise in pregnancy is important to aid bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure. Exercise is a subset of physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive and has as objective to improve or maintain physical fitness. Physical activity and exercise promote health and longevity, and minimal adherence to current physical activity guidelines is associated with a significant 20-30% reduction in risk of all-cause mortality. Pregnancy leads to a reduced level of physical activity for most women, the activity level is often further reduced throughout pregnancy, and the pre-pregnancy exercise level is usually not regained six months after childbirth","PeriodicalId":341135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Pharmacology","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139151434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Assessment of Solid Waste Management in Ikenne Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria","authors":"Ubiaza E.L., Aina O.J., Ajayi O.C., Agboola S.M., Oghagbon P.U.","doi":"10.52589/ijphp-s3rgk6r6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ijphp-s3rgk6r6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sanitation has remained an important and long standing global public health challenge, especially in middle and low income countries. Efforts have been made, and are still being made at finding a total solution to the problems of waste management by successive governments in Nigeria, but none has been fruitful. This study assessed solid waste management in Ikenne Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. Methodology: For the purpose of this research, a qualitative approach was adopted. This approach employed the use of a Key Informant Interview (KII) and a Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The study was carried out in Ikenne Local Government Area, one of the existing local council areas in Ogun State, the Southwestern part of the country. Twelve personnel of the Water and Environmental Sanitation (WES) department of Ikenne Local Government Area were interviewed for the purpose of this study. The sample consists of the director, deputy director, three chief environmental officers, two senior environmental officers, and five field workers. Results: The respondents stated that there are just two collection trucks servicing the entire five communities. The stress placed on these vehicles would only last for a short while as they are liable to break down. The department also lacks personal protective equipment for health attendants, which ought to help them prevent infectious diseases in the course of performing their duties. Households from the three different communities have shown their dissatisfaction towards the services rendered to the communities by the WES department. They voiced out their displeasures during the focused group discussions where most of them said they are rarely served, even on environmental sanitation days. These options revolve around seeking a redress to institutional constraints. Lack of reliable funding system has affected a lot of functions that ought to be carried out by environmental officers. It all comes down to a single factor – fund. The provision of official vans for inspection purposes, collection trucks, manpower (skilled and unskilled) and other tools are all determined by availability of funds. Conclusion: The study was able to establish that institutional constraint is the major factor militating against solid waste management systems in Ikenne Local Government Area. Every finger points towards this direction and so also the institution admits to this fact. When there is no collection vehicle to carry wastes, the available ones can only serve a few of the population. This is not to say that manpower to collect wastes from households is less important, as they are needed to transfer the wastes into the trucks and also dispose of them, as the services rendered to the people.","PeriodicalId":341135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Pharmacology","volume":"101 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138981532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Educational-Intervention Programme on Predisposing Factors Involved in Adherence to Ergonomic Principles among Janitorial Staff of Tertiary Educational Institutions in Ogun State, Nigeria","authors":"Nwosu S.C., Atulomah N.O.S.","doi":"10.52589/ijphp-o9mgaet5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ijphp-o9mgaet5","url":null,"abstract":"Adherence to workplace ergonomic principles protects against musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a leading cause of debility and early retirement of workers. They are a major contributor to the global burden of disease. The effects of MSDs are observed at the individual, organizational and societal levels and have implications on personal-level dispositions of workers involved. Due to the gradual and imperceptibility of onset of MSDs, early detection or diagnosis is impossible; therefore, ergonomic-based health educational programs offer the best mitigation (Khan, Rehman, & Ali, 2012). Janitorial occupation is fraught with recognized MSDs risk factors. This study evaluated the effect of an innovative theory-grounded health educational intervention program on the predisposing factors involved in adherence to ergonomic principles by the janitorial staff of selected universities in Ogun State, Nigeria. The study was a quasi-experimental intervention design that utilized a 42-item validated six-sections questionnaire with Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficient ranging from 0.782 to 0.934 using a multistage sampling technique to derive participants. The study was for twelve weeks in which baseline and 12th week follow-up data was collected regarding information on predisposing factors of knowledge, attitudinal dispositions and perceptions involved in adherence to ergonomic principles from sixty janitorial workers who consented to participate in the study. Participants were categorized into a control group (CG) and an intervention group (IG). The mean age of participants in CG was 43.2 ± 9.35 while for IG was 39.83 ± 11.11. Data was analyzed using descriptive (mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage) and inferential (paired t-test, effect size) statistics at 5% confidence level. The results show that educational intervention programs improved the predisposing factors of knowledge, perceptions and attitudinal dispositions.","PeriodicalId":341135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Pharmacology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127069040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Level of Integration of Nutrition Management Service for Hypertensive Elderly Patients in Maseru City Council Health Facilities","authors":"L. Motsieloa","doi":"10.52589/ijphp-u5xkig9z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ijphp-u5xkig9z","url":null,"abstract":"Integration is an important part of reform used in health care to reduce healthcare costs for both patients and the health system. NMS integration into hypertension services for elderly patients has the potential to help put the blood pressure of patients under control. The study aimed to determine the level of integration of NMS in the hypertension service delivery chain for hypertensive elderly patients receiving outpatient care in Maseru City Council health facilities. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that used quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and analysis. The results revealed the low integration of NMS for hypertensive elderly patients in these two facilities. The inputs for the service were available but inadequate, and some were unavailable, and this hurt NMS processes provision. Out of 74 patients who participated, none of them had their weights and heights measured, and only 9.5% were asked about lifestyle and diet compliance. NMS integration was low in both facilities for several reasons.","PeriodicalId":341135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Pharmacology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130466202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}