ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)最新文献_第5页

Sanctions for Repeat Offenders: A Question of Wealth? 对惯犯的制裁:财富问题?

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2017-04-06 DOI: 10.1111/sjpe.12126

Wolfgang Eggert, Steffen Minter, M. Stephan, Handirk von Ungern‐Sternberg

引用次数: 1

The Social Cost of a Racially Targeted Police Encounter 种族歧视警察遭遇的社会成本

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2017-03-31 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3015035

M. Cohen

引用次数: 12

Performance and Sustainability of Higher Education: Key Indicators versus Academic Values 高等教育的绩效和可持续性:关键指标与学术价值

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2017-03-30 DOI: 10.9770/JSSI.2017.6.3(14)

Vyacheslav V. Volchik, E. Maslyukova

{"title":"Performance and Sustainability of Higher Education: Key Indicators versus Academic Values","authors":"Vyacheslav V. Volchik, E. Maslyukova","doi":"10.9770/JSSI.2017.6.3(14)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9770/JSSI.2017.6.3(14)","url":null,"abstract":"Reforming higher education and science in the world is associated with the widespread introduction of the indicators aimed at promoting their sustainability, productivity, and efficiency. The introduction of new educational technologies and the development of networks in education allow us to speak about the effect of increasing returns and mostly positive feedback. The instability inherent in such processes is an important factor for institutional change. Higher education and the professions associated with it, become large-scaled, which determines the use of indicators in the management plan. Exogenously introduced target indicators of development negatively affect the existing academic freedom and values, as well as hinder their reproduction. \u0000This paper attempts to understand the limitations of quantitative indicators and their impact on the adaptive strategies of the actors achieving them. We think that it is necessary to pay more attention to the problems of academic culture and values as important factors in both economic and social performance. It should be considered that education as a specific type of activity and institution is associated with the production of public goods and trust, and performs an important social function. We scrutinize the system of higher education through the prism of applying development target indicators as a tool of public policy. Our results seem to justify the importance of integrating institutions, values and self-governance mechanisms that promote long-term sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122235245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Industrial Investments in Energy Efficiency: A Good Idea? 工业能效投资:好主意?

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2897003

Mary Jialin Li

{"title":"Industrial Investments in Energy Efficiency: A Good Idea?","authors":"Mary Jialin Li","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2897003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2897003","url":null,"abstract":"Yes, from an energy-saving perspective. No, once we factor in the negative output and productivity adoption effects. These are the main conclusions we reach by conducting the first large-scale study on cogeneration technology adoption – a prominent form of energy-saving investments – in the U.S. manufacturing sector, using a sample that runs from 1982 to 2010 and drawing on multiple data sources from the U.S. Census Bureau and the U.S. Energy Information Administration. We first show through a series of event studies that no differential trends exist in energy consumption nor production activities between adopters and never-adopters prior to the adoption event. We then compute a distribution of realized returns to energy savings, using accounting methods and regression methods, based on our difference-in-difference estimator. We find that (1) significant heterogeneity exists in returns; (2) unlike previous studies in the residential sector, the realized and projected returns to energy savings are roughly consistent in the industrial sector, for both private and social returns; (3) however, cogeneration adoption decreases manufacturing output and productivity persistently for at least the next 7-10 years, relative to the control group. Our IV strategies also show sizable decline in TFP post adoption.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133438088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Housing Needs of American Indians and Alaska Natives in Tribal Areas: A Report from the Assessment of American Indian, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian Housing Needs: Executive Summary 美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民在部落地区的住房需求:美国印第安人、阿拉斯加原住民和夏威夷原住民住房需求评估报告:执行摘要

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.3055776

N. Pindus, Thomas Kingsley, J. Biess, Diane K. Levy, J. Simington, Christopher Hayes

{"title":"Housing Needs of American Indians and Alaska Natives in Tribal Areas: A Report from the Assessment of American Indian, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian Housing Needs: Executive Summary","authors":"N. Pindus, Thomas Kingsley, J. Biess, Diane K. Levy, J. Simington, Christopher Hayes","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3055776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3055776","url":null,"abstract":"During the past two decades, although improvements have been made, the overcrowding and physical housing problems of American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIANs) living on reservations and other tribal areas remain strikingly more severe than those of other Americans. Particular circumstances of tribal areas — remoteness, lack of infrastructure, and complex legal and other constraints related to land ownership — make it extremely difficult to improve housing conditions in those areas, although it is important to point out that tribal area housing problems and the barriers to addressing them are much more challenging in some locations and regions of the country than in others. \u0000This main final report includes the principal findings and conclusions of the Assessment of American Indian, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian Housing Needs, a congressionally mandated study funded by HUD and carried out by the Urban Institute and its subcontractors, Econometrica, Inc.; NORC at the University of Chicago; and Support Services International, Inc.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125556042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

Does Standardized Testing Make Best High School Students Dumber? 标准化考试会让最优秀的高中生变傻吗?

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-12-22 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2888796

Krzysztof Rybiński

{"title":"Does Standardized Testing Make Best High School Students Dumber?","authors":"Krzysztof Rybiński","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2888796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2888796","url":null,"abstract":"There is an ongoing heated debate about the usefulness of standardized testing in assessing students achievements. This paper presents new findings showing that both groups: critics and proponents of standardized testing are right. We show that standardized tests do a good job in determining which students have well developed problem solving and critical thinking skills, and which ones lack such skills. But within the group of highly skilled students standardized tests are harmful. Best students on average have worse standardized test scores. These conclusions are based on the results of a large experiment conducted among 4300 high school students in Kazakhstan. We compared student scores on standardized test used to determine which high school students are eligible for state grants financing university education, with the same students scores in specially designed test measuring such skills as problem solving, critical thinking and student IQ level. Then using a survey of a random sample of 182 students participating in the experiment we tested for other ways to determine student intellectual ability. We found that the number of books at home and the level of English as a foreign language are good predictors of student intellectual ability, which is consistent with findings in other countries. Therefore universities are advised to consider these characteristics during university entrance process.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114181380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Consistency and Robustness in Forecasting for Emerging Technologies: The Case of Li-ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles 新兴技术预测的一致性和稳健性:以电动汽车用锂离子电池为例

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-11-12 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2868386

Apurba Sakti, I. Azevedo, E. Fuchs, Jeremy J. Michalek, K. Gallagher, J. Whitacre

{"title":"Consistency and Robustness in Forecasting for Emerging Technologies: The Case of Li-ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles","authors":"Apurba Sakti, I. Azevedo, E. Fuchs, Jeremy J. Michalek, K. Gallagher, J. Whitacre","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2868386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2868386","url":null,"abstract":"There are a large number of accounts about rapidly declining costs of batteries with potentially transformative effects, but these accounts often are not based on detailed design and technical information. Using a method ideally suited for that purpose, we find that when experts are free to assume any battery pack design, a majority of the cost estimates are consistent with the ranges reported in the literature, although the range is notably large. However, we also find that 55% of relevant experts’ component-level cost projections are inconsistent with their total pack-level projections, and 55% of relevant experts’ elicited cost projections are inconsistent with the cost projections generated by putting their design- and process-level assumptions into our process-based cost model (PBCM). These results suggest a need for better understanding of the technical assumptions driving popular consensus regarding future costs. Approaches focusing on technological details first, followed by non-aggregated and systemic cost estimates while keeping the experts aware of any discrepancies, should they arise, may result in more accurate forecasts. ","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126245416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determinants of Disclosures of Alternative Pay Measures and Their Role in Say on Pay Approval 替代薪酬措施披露的决定因素及其在薪酬批准话语权中的作用

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-10-13 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2849325

Brandy Hadley

{"title":"Determinants of Disclosures of Alternative Pay Measures and Their Role in Say on Pay Approval","authors":"Brandy Hadley","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2849325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2849325","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of the increase in firms’ reporting of alternative pay measures in Pay for Performance disclosures and their role in subsequent Say on Pay approval. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Design/methodology/approach \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000This study explores the most common types of supplemental compensation disclosures used in Pay for Performance discussions using a hand-collected sample of S&P 500 proxy statements from 2012-2014. The sample compares key characteristics of firms reporting “pocketed” pay, “market-value” pay, and “peer comparison” percentile ranking pay compared to firms that do not use these alternatives. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Findings \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results suggest that firms use alternative pay measures in their Pay for Performance disclosures for different reasons. While “pocketed” pay reporters show characteristics of opportunistic disclosures and “peer comparison” reporters tend toward informative disclosure, there is often a significant positive impact of disclosing additional compensation information on Say on Pay approval when combating prior poor Say on Pay support. However, the effect seems most significant for peer comparisons, indicating the value of reporting comparative pay. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Originality/value \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000This study provides insights into the increasing use of alternative pay measures, and through these measures, identifies an additional mechanism of firms’ responses to Say on Pay votes. In addition, this study highlights the importance of standardized Pay for Performance disclosures to improve informativeness and comparability in financial reporting across firms. Finally, the study provides additional evidence of opportunistic disclosure by firms in order to preserve executive pay.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"22 17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130502730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Beyond Equal Rights: Equality of Opportunity in Political Participation 超越平等权利:政治参与中的机会平等

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-10-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2860079

P. Hufe, A. Peichl

引用次数: 4

Retargeting Ads for Shopping Cart Recovery: Evidence from Online Field Experiments 重新定位购物车恢复广告:来自在线现场实验的证据

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-10-04 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2847631

Takeshi Moriguchi, Guiyang Xiong, Xueming Luo

{"title":"Retargeting Ads for Shopping Cart Recovery: Evidence from Online Field Experiments","authors":"Takeshi Moriguchi, Guiyang Xiong, Xueming Luo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2847631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2847631","url":null,"abstract":"Online marketers have widely adopted retargeting ads to convert customers who had previously browsed the websites or abandoned shopping carts. Yet, the effectiveness of such retargeting remains unclear. This study exploits several randomized field experiments to test how the effects of retargeting ads vary depending on the ad copy content and purchase funnel stages. The experimental results suggest that compared to the hold out without retargeting, the retargeting ads in lower funnel based on shopping cart abandonment history can engender significant incremental purchase responses. The effects are driven by the ad copy that highlights product return information rather than product reminder or shipping content. Due to the lack of touch, feel, and product trial of online orders, the ad copy with product returns can nudge customers to try the products with reduced online shopping risks and, thus, increase the purchase conversation rates. The net revenue for retargeting ads with product return information is about 49.7% larger than the conventional retargeting ads with production information. Also, a causal comparison with similar and randomly assigned customers suggests that the lower funnel retargeting is about 2.25 times as effective as the upper funnel retargeting in lifting purchase rates. These findings implicate that retargeting ads with customer services of product return information can effectively recover the shopping carts and boost sales revenues.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130029068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10