ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)最新文献_第2页

Beyond Technical Skills Training: The Impact of Credit Counseling on the Entrepreneurial Behavior of Ugandan Youth 超越技术技能培训:信贷咨询对乌干达青年创业行为的影响

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/rode.12706

Maria Laura Alzúa, Maria Josefina Baez, Samuel Galiwango, Daniel Joloba, Benjamin Kachero, Maria Adelaida Lopera, J. Ssekandi, Zeridah Zigiti

引用次数: 5

Job Growth from Opportunity Zones 机会区带来的就业增长

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-07-07 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3645507

A. Arefeva, Morris A. Davis, Andra Ghent, Minseon Park

引用次数: 13

Dividend Taxes, Employment, and Firm Productivity 股息税、就业和企业生产率

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-07-07 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3564234

M. Jacob

引用次数: 15

Time-Consistent Carbon Pricing: The Role of Carbon Contracts for Differences 时间一致的碳定价:碳合约对差异的作用

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3576402

Olga Chiappinelli, K. Neuhoff

引用次数: 12

Long-Term Effects of a Sectorial Advancement Strategy: Costs, Benefits, and Impacts from the WorkAdvance Demonstration 行业进步战略的长期效应:成本、收益和来自WorkAdvance示范的影响

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3578168

D. Greenberg, K. Schaberg

{"title":"Long-Term Effects of a Sectorial Advancement Strategy: Costs, Benefits, and Impacts from the WorkAdvance Demonstration","authors":"D. Greenberg, K. Schaberg","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3578168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3578168","url":null,"abstract":"This report summarizes the long-term findings of a rigorous random assignment evaluation of the WorkAdvance model, a sectoral training and advancement initiative. Launched in 2011, WorkAdvance goes beyond the previous generation of employment programs by introducing demand-driven skills training and a focus on jobs that have identifiable career pathways. The model is heavily influenced by the positive findings from the Sectoral Employment Impact Study completed in 2010, as well as prior research on job retention and career advancement strategies.<br><br>The WorkAdvance model was implemented between June 2011 and June 2013 by four providers — Per Scholas, St. Nicks Alliance, Madison Strategies Group, and Towards Employment — and a total of 2,564 individuals enrolled in the study. Several previous reports described the implementation, participation, cost, and interim impact findings of WorkAdvance and showed encouraging evidence for the WorkAdvance model. The impact findings presented in those reports covered the first three years of follow-up. While those findings showed earnings gains for some programs in some years, whether WorkAdvance could consistently increase earnings in the long term was still an open question.<br><br>This report presents the long-term economic impacts of WorkAdvance and covers a two-year period occurring between four and eight years after individuals entered the study. The economic outcomes are based on National Directory of New Hires data and include 2017 and 2018. The report also builds on a previous cost analysis and presents findings from a full benefit-cost analysis to examine whether the effects of WorkAdvance resulted in gains or losses from the perspective of WorkAdvance participants, the government, and society.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121215071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Can Mentoring Help Female Assistant Professors in Economics? An Evaluation by Randomized Trial 辅导对经济学女助理教授有帮助吗?随机试验评价

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.3386/w26864

D. Ginther, Janet Currie, Francine D. Blau, Rachel T. A. Croson

引用次数: 39

Persistent Effects of Temporary Incentives: Evidence from a Nationwide Health Insurance Experiment 临时性激励的持续效应:来自全国健康保险实验的证据

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-11-12 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3488632

A. Baillon, J. Capuno, O. O’Donnell, J. C. R. Tan, K. van Wilgenburg

引用次数: 3

Causal Inference Under Approximate Neighborhood Interference 近似邻域干扰下的因果推理

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-11-03 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3479902

Michael P. Leung

{"title":"Causal Inference Under Approximate Neighborhood Interference","authors":"Michael P. Leung","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3479902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3479902","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies causal inference in randomized experiments under network interference. Commonly used models of interference posit that treatments assigned to alters beyond a certain network distance from the ego have no effect on the ego's response. However, this assumption is violated in common models of social interactions. We propose a substantially weaker model of “approximate neighborhood interference” (ANI) under which treatments assigned to alters further from the ego have a smaller, but potentially nonzero, effect on the ego's response. We formally verify that ANI holds for well‐known models of social interactions. Under ANI, restrictions on the network topology, and asymptotics under which the network size increases, we prove that standard inverse‐probability weighting estimators consistently estimate useful exposure effects and are approximately normal. For inference, we consider a network HAC variance estimator. Under a finite population model, we show that the estimator is biased but that the bias can be interpreted as the variance of unit‐level exposure effects. This generalizes Neyman's well‐known result on conservative variance estimation to settings with interference.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127786946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 50

Weather Index Insurance in Sub-Saharan Africa 撒哈拉以南非洲的天气指数保险

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3396489

E. Weber

{"title":"Weather Index Insurance in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"E. Weber","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3396489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3396489","url":null,"abstract":"Food insecurity is a leading cause of poverty in sub-Saharan Africa. Overcoming food insecurity would improve the health and education of rural populations, increase labour productivity and promote rural economic development. Governments and numerous aid agencies dispense food aid during famines. The recent emergence of weather index insurance offers a promising new risk management tool that enhances economic opportunities and welfare in rural sub-Saharan Africa. In 2004 MicroEnsure launched Africa’s first weather index-based insurance product.1 In 2008 the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) and the World Food Programme (WFP) established the Weather Risk Management Facility (WRMF), which supported pilot projects for weather index insurance. In 2009 Kenya Seed, the Syngenta Foundation, UAP Group, Swiss Re and the World Bank’s Global Index Insurance Facility (GIIF) joined forces to establish Kilimo Salama, which offered index-based microinsurance to Kenyan maize and wheat farmers, with more crops and livestock being added later. In 2011 WFP and Oxfam America founded the R4 Rural Resilience Initiative, building on the Horn of Africa Risk Transfer for Adaptation (HARITA). In 2013 the AXA Group launched index-based agricultural insurance; in 2014 AXA and the South African Sanlam participated in MicroEnsure; and in 2015 AXA entered into partnership with the World Bank’s GIIF. In 2014 Kilimo Salama was succeeded by the Agriculture and Climate Risk Enterprise (ACRE), which assists local insurers in Kenya, Tanzania and Rwanda. After a decade of keen experimentation, the focus has now shifted from pilot projects to scaling up index-based insurance as a risk management tool for smallholder farmers.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"53 1-2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114131867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Opportunistic Maintenance for Heterogeneous Complex Systems Under Continuous Monitoring 连续监测下异构复杂系统的机会维护

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-08-21 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3440745

I. Castro, R. Basten, G. van Houtum

{"title":"Opportunistic Maintenance for Heterogeneous Complex Systems Under Continuous Monitoring","authors":"I. Castro, R. Basten, G. van Houtum","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3440745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3440745","url":null,"abstract":"We analyze the maintenance strategy for a complex system consisting of two types of components: non-monitored and monitored. Non-monitored components can only be maintained correctively upon failure. Monitored components are monitored continuously and are maintained when they become too degraded, i.e., just before its degradation level hits a threshold. There is an economic dependence between the components, which means that a maintenance intervention for one component can be used as an opportunity for preventive maintenance of monitored components: If the degradation level of a monitored component exceeds a preventive threshold at the time of another maintenance intervention, this component is maintained preventively. Evaluating the costs of a given maintenance strategy is time consuming, especially for a large number of monitored components. However, using semi-regenerative techniques instead of renewal techniques, we are able to drastically shorten the required computation time: For a system with ten monitored components, the computation time to evaluate the optimal maintenance strategy goes from more than a day to few seconds. We give numerical examples to illustrate our results.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132969368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1