International Journal of Multiphase Flow最新文献

{"title":"Experimental study of pressure effect on the evolution of slug/pseudo slug flow characteristics in a large diameter slightly upward inclined pipe","authors":"Ahmed A. Aql ,&nbsp;G. Soto-Cortes ,&nbsp;E. Al-Safran ,&nbsp;E. Pereyra ,&nbsp;C. Sarica","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study experimentally investigates the effect of pressure on slug evolution along an 85 m long, 0.156 m ID, and +2° inclined pipe, operated at pressures under 200 and 400 psi, using advanced tracking sensors and topology instruments. The results show that slugs form earlier at lower pressures of 200 psi and undergo more pronounced growth and dissipation cycles, attributed to greater gas compressibility caused by the lower gas-to-liquid density ratio. Additionally, at a pressure of 200 psi, slugs grow more rapidly along the pipe compared to 400 psi. In contrast, results reveal that at higher pressure conditions of 400 psi, the transition from pseudo slug to fully developed slug is delayed due to wave crest breakage. Additionally, mean slug and film lengths grow with distance but exhibit cyclic fluctuations. At the low pressure, these lengths are relatively greater. Additionally, slug frequency decreases more rapidly with distance at low pressure than at high pressure, reflecting a higher rate of slug and wave coalescence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 105583"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sedimentation and resistance tensor of a river floc from 3D X-ray microtomography","authors":"Chuan Gu ,&nbsp;Heng Li ,&nbsp;Kate L. Spencer ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Botto","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural sediment flocs are highly porous particulate aggregates composed of biogenic and minerogenic materials. They can be an important component of suspended sediment load in rivers, estuaries and the marine environment and modelling floc dynamics and behaviour is very important for many aquatic industries, maintenance of waterways and conservation and management of aquatic water bodies. X-ray computed microtomography has recently been applied to quantify the complex three-dimensional (3D) geometry of natural sediment flocs. Here, X-ray images of 3 selected natural millimetre-sized flocs sampled from the Thames River have been digitalised and converted into geometries used in Stokesian Dynamics calculations of the hydrodynamic properties of the flocs, where each floc is represented as a rigid ensemble of spherical beads moving in the creeping flow regime. Our approach is a substantial step from previous attempts in which synthetic fractal structures were simulated. In addition to describe the complex dynamics of floc settling, we compute: (i) the hydrodynamic radius of the flocs; (ii) the floc mobility and resistance tensors; and (iii) the relation between sedimentation velocity and fractal dimension. The simulations show that the coupling of gravitational forces with lateral velocities, which we analysed by examining the cross-components of the mobility matrix, produces a helical motion of the flocs as they settle. We argue that this lateral motion may lead to an enhancement of floc–floc aggregation by differential sedimentation due to an increase in the effective collisional area. Furthermore, the simulations demonstrate significant differences in the dynamics of settling between the three flocs despite a similar gross shape. Our work exemplifies how high-resolution X-ray techniques can be coupled with accurate particle-resolved simulations to understand the settling dynamics of real (as opposed to synthetic) flocs collected from estuarine, coastal or waste-water environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 105586"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large-Eddy-Simulation framework for two-phase flows with heat transfer: Application to a two-dimensional jet in cross-flow","authors":"Damien Fouquet,&nbsp;Julien Carmona,&nbsp;Vincent Moureau","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a Large-Eddy-Simulation framework for two-phase flows with heat transfer that is applied to a two-dimensional Liquid Jet in Cross-flow, a complex configuration with high deformation of the interface, where the framework behaves correctly and is in-line with the expected flow physics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 105542"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145517910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-scale bubble flow and mass transfer visual measurements in real time aid with deep learning method","authors":"Jiarui Xu ,&nbsp;Wu Zhou ,&nbsp;Tianyi Cai ,&nbsp;Luhaibo Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multi-scale bubbles flow and mass transfer play a critical role in enhancing multiphase reactions, yet accurate real-time visualization and measurement remain challenging. In this work, a bubble detection model is developed to measure bubble size and velocity in real time based on the deep learning algorithm (YOLOv8). To evaluate detection performance and correct size estimation errors, a BubGAN-based synthetic image generation method was employed to create artificial bubbly flow images. At low gas velocities using both 2μm-pore and 10μm-pore generators, the bubble size distributions exhibited bimodal characteristics and increased with rising gas intake. Bubble velocities were determined from displacement and time differences obtained through the detection model. Subsequently, by integrating Higbie’s penetration theory with bubble flow characteristics, a real-time measurement method for multi-scale bubbly flow mass transfer was established and validated through dynamic dissolved oxygen experiments. The results demonstrate that the microbubbles contribute significantly to mass transfer due to their large surface-area-to-volume ratio, while millimeter-sized bubbles enhance gas-liquid mixing and promote the ascent of microbubbles. Overall, the proposed model effectively captures the dynamics of multi-scale bubble flow and mass transfer, elucidates the influence of bubble size on these processes, and provides a foundation for optimizing gas-liquid reactions through real-time bubble size control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 105507"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145464042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermocapillary migration of a surfactant-laden droplet near a plane wall at low surface Péclet numbers","authors":"Arindam Basak ,&nbsp;Jai Prakash ,&nbsp;G.P. Raja Sekhar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surfactant impurities in multiphase emulsions can significantly modify the dynamics of small droplets by altering interfacial tension through adsorption–desorption kinetics. These interfacial variations are governed by the surface Péclet number, <span><math><mrow><mi>P</mi><msub><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><msub><mrow><mtext>U</mtext></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><mi>a</mi><mo>/</mo><msub><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, which compares advective and diffusive transport of surfactants along the interface. While the effects of <span><math><mrow><mi>P</mi><msub><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> have been extensively studied in unbounded domains, their influence under confinement remains underexplored. In this work, we investigate the effects of small <span><math><mrow><mi>P</mi><msub><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> on the thermocapillary migration of a surfactant-laden spherical droplet near a planar wall, subjected to a uniform thermal gradient. Assuming negligible fluid inertia, we solve the axisymmetric Stokes equations inside and outside the droplet using a regular perturbation expansion in <span><math><mrow><mi>P</mi><msub><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, formulated in bispherical coordinates via a streamfunction approach. A semi-analytical solution is developed to determine the droplet’s migration velocity and the associated flow fields. Our results reveal that surfactants begin to affect droplet motion at first order in <span><math><mrow><mi>P</mi><msub><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, where thermocapillary stresses dominate the dynamics. For low viscosity ratios, the migration velocity increases rapidly with wall separation before saturating, while for higher viscosity ratios, saturation occurs at larger separations. We define a characteristic ‘screening length,’ the separation distance at which wall effects become negligible, which increases with both the viscosity ratio and the droplet-wall distance. Streamline analysis further reveals that, near the wall, flow is confined to a squeezed recirculation zone beneath the droplet, which transitions into broader recirculating structures as the droplet moves away. These findings provide new insights into the coupled effects of surfactant transport, confinement, and thermocapillarity, with potential applications in microfluidic and emulsion-based systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 105534"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145517813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental characterization of puff–particle interaction in transitional pipe flow","authors":"Sagnik Nguyen-Paul,&nbsp;Ellen K. Longmire","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In laminar pipe flow, neutrally buoyant particles accumulate at a certain radius near the wall depending on the pipe-to-particle diameter ratio (<span><math><mrow><mi>D</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi></mrow></math></span>) and pipe Reynolds number (<span><math><mrow><mi>R</mi><mi>e</mi></mrow></math></span>). Transitional pipe flow containing intermittent puff structures and low particle volume fractions (<span><math><mi>ϕ</mi></math></span>) was investigated to understand the interactive effects. For <span><math><mrow><mi>D</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>44</mn></mrow></math></span>, puff spacing and transitional Reynolds number dropped substantially even at low <span><math><mi>ϕ</mi></math></span> (0.25%). By contrast, <span><math><mrow><mi>D</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>84</mn></mrow></math></span> particles caused very little change in the transitional Reynolds number. Planar particle tracking velocimetry was performed to evaluate particle distribution and motion within puffs. Both particle sizes were found to accumulate at <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>93</mn><mi>R</mi></mrow></math></span> in laminar flow. Puffs disrupted this particle accumulation by transporting many of these particles inward to locations between <span><math><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>7</mn></mrow></math></span> and 0.9, somewhat flattening the radial distribution. Particle distributions took more than <span><math><mrow><mn>90</mn><mi>D</mi></mrow></math></span> to recover to their initial values. Streamwise particle velocities matched closely with expected fluid velocities in the laminar part of the flow. Within the turbulent part of puffs, radial RMS fluid and particle velocities greatly exceeded values in fully developed turbulent flow. Longer particle trajectories evaluated in the turbulent part of the puff were unidirectional over time scales that corresponded closely with coherent vortical structures identified in single-phase flow. The disruption of particle accumulation near the wall was associated with wall-normal fluid ejections in single-phase transitional flow near the puff trailing edge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 105532"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145517909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase-field based lattice Boltzmann modeling of contact angles in binary flow with large density ratios","authors":"Long Ju ,&nbsp;Chunyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Bicheng Yan ,&nbsp;Shuyu Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a lattice Boltzmann (LB) wetting boundary processing scheme for binary flow with large density ratios. The greatest advantage of the proposed method is that the implementation of contact line motion can be significantly simplified while still maintaining good accuracy and locality. For this purpose, the order parameter gradient at the boundary node is derived by combining the wetting boundary conditions in the form of free energy with the form of geometry, and the information of the contact angle is explicitly incorporated into the expression of the chemical potential, thus avoiding complicated interpolations for irregular geometries. In addition, by introducing free parameters, the relaxation time is decoupled from the viscosity, thereby enhancing the numerical stability of the scheme under conditions of high Reynolds numbers. Several numerical testing cases are conducted, including wetting processes on straight and curved boundaries. The results demonstrate that the proposed method has good ability and satisfactory accuracy to simulate contact line motions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 105504"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145414686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of cavitation/Air bubbles in seawater-based viscoelastic fluids","authors":"Chunyu Guo ,&nbsp;Run Meng ,&nbsp;Shuo Zhang ,&nbsp;Yang Han ,&nbsp;Yuwen Xiao ,&nbsp;Chao Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiying Zheng ,&nbsp;Tongxing Wang ,&nbsp;Dennis A. Siginer ,&nbsp;Xin Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the navigation of underwater vehicles, due to chemical reactions and cavitation phenomena, small-scale bubbles are inevitably generated around the vehicle. These small-scale bubbles pose significant challenges in the stealth performance of the underwater vehicle navigation, caused by the distinct characteristics of prolonged persistence and wide spatial distribution of the small-scale bubbles. Viscoelastic turbulence drag reduction is one of the means of reducing drag for underwater vehicles. During the use of this drag reduction agent, the movement of bubbles around the vehicle in the viscoelastic fluid is inevitable. Therefore, the dynamics of the cavitation and air bubbles in sea-based viscoelastic fluids were experimentally investigated in present work. The results demonstrate that increasing seawater salinity and viscoelastic fluid concentration reduces cavitation bubble size, under identical conditions. The bubble lifetime increases with bubble size, although it is markedly shorter in seawater compared to other media. Both millimeter- and submillimeter-sized bubbles grow larger with higher viscoelastic fluid concentrations. We determine that elevated viscoelastic fluid concentrations dampen oscillation amplitudes during bubble ascent. Changes in seawater salinity have no significant effect on the dynamic characteristics of cavitation bubbles and bubbles in general.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 105511"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145464041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study of aerosol and hydrosol transport and deposition dynamics in turbulent wall-bounded flows","authors":"S. Abbasi,&nbsp;A. Mehdizadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding particle transport and deposition in wall-bounded turbulent flows is critical for numerous industrial and environmental applications. In this study, we investigate the dispersion and deposition dynamics of small aerosol and hydrosol particles in a turbulent channel flow at a friction Reynolds number of <span><math><mrow><mi>R</mi><msub><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>180</mn></mrow></math></span> using point-particle direct numerical simulations (PP–DNS). By decomposing the particle acceleration into drag, lift, pressure gradient, virtual mass, and Basset history components, we assess the relative influence of each acceleration across a range of particle sizes and density ratios (aerosol and hydrosol) in an upward flow motion, i.e. opposite direction of gravity. Our results show that while drag dominates the particle dynamics particularly for aerosols, lift becomes increasingly important with rising particle size. The Basset history, pressure gradient and virtual mass accelerations have only a negligible contribution to the total acceleration. Regarding hydrosol, pressure gradient has a constant contribution to particle acceleration, largely independent of particle size, where the effect of virtual mass decreases with the increase of particle size. On the other hand, Basset history acceleration, shows size-dependent behavior. For small particles, the Basset history acceleration contributes to the particle acceleration with a magnitude comparable to the pressure gradient. As the particle size increases, this contribution decreases, and its dynamics changes once the hydrosol particle size approaches the Kolmogorov scale. Additionally, both pressure gradient and Basset history have significant input on deposition for hydrosol particles comparable to Kolmogorov length scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 105551"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145569383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vertical stratification and local flow states of dense particle-liquid inclined open channel flow based on internal observation","authors":"Jiajun Jiao ,&nbsp;Yunhui Sun ,&nbsp;Menghan Pan ,&nbsp;Pengfei Lv ,&nbsp;Junli He ,&nbsp;Qingquan Liu ,&nbsp;Yi An ,&nbsp;Xiaoliang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study experimentally investigated the dense particle-liquid open channel flows over smooth and rough inclined beds using the refractive index matching (RIM) technique. The internal flow profiles of the granular phase, including velocity, shear rate, granular temperature, and solid concentration, were reconstructed through image processing techniques. The vertical stratification behavior of dense particle-liquid channel flows under various inclination angles and inflow heights was examined. Results indicated that four fundamental local flow states exist in dense particle-liquid channel flows: plug flow, ordered friction flow, disordered friction flow, and collision flow. These flow states can be combined to construct the stratification flow in the granular phase of two-phase dense granular flows. There are three flowing superimposed modes on the smooth bed: plug flow, disordered friction flow + plug flow, and disordered friction flow. We identified three typical superimposed flow modes on the rough bed: ordered friction flow + disordered friction flow (OF-DF flow), collision flow + disordered friction flow (C-DF flow), and collision flow + disordered friction flow + plug flow (C-DF-P flow). The complex flow structure observed under various operating conditions is simplified through the superposition of the fundamental local flow states. This study significantly advances the understanding of the intricate internal flow behavior and structure of dense particle-liquid two-phase flows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 105497"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145414608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}