Brain Hemorrhages最新文献

{"title":"Pituitary apoplexy following adenoviral vector-based COVID-19 vaccination","authors":"Luca Roncati,&nbsp;Antonio Manenti","doi":"10.1016/j.hest.2022.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hest.2022.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pituitary apoplexy (PA) may complicate the course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), posing a potential threat to life. Among vaccines designed to prevent COVID-19, there are those adenoviral vector-based, such as Vaxzevria® (formerly COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca). The product insert states that it can cause very rare coagulation disorders, in particular thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome in some cases accompanied by bleeding, cerebrovascular venous or sinus thrombosis, and thrombocytopenia, including immune thrombocytopenia, also associated with bleeding. Here, we report the onset of PA after Vaxzevria® in a 28-year-old healthy Caucasian female, who experienced long-lasting tension-type headache, hyperprolactinemia and menstrual changes, without thrombocytopenia or thrombosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33969,"journal":{"name":"Brain Hemorrhages","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 27-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49757866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delayed cerebral ischemia associated with surgery for pituitary macroadenomas that express elevated levels of PACAP","authors":"Dominic A. Siler ,&nbsp;Kate U. Rosen ,&nbsp;Stephen G. Bowden ,&nbsp;Andrew Y. Powers ,&nbsp;Jesse J. Liu ,&nbsp;Aclan Dogan ,&nbsp;Holly E. Hinson ,&nbsp;Maria Fleseriu ,&nbsp;Randy L. Woltjer ,&nbsp;Justin S. Cetas","doi":"10.1016/j.hest.2022.05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hest.2022.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and cerebral vasospasm (VS) are rare but serious post-operative complications after surgery for pituitary macroadenomas; the mechanism of which are poorly understood. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a vasoactive neuropeptide expressed in pituitary adenomas and may play a role in DCI/VS. The aim of this case-control study was to investigate the association between tumor expression of PACAP and DCI/VS following pituitary surgery. Tumor tissue from five patients with DCI/VS following pituitary surgery and nine matched controls were evaluated for PACAP expression by immunohistochemistry. Nuclear PACAP expression was significantly elevated in patients with DCI/VS following pituitary surgery compared to controls (0.396 ± 0.0.16 a.u. vs 0.093 ± 0.04 a.u, p &lt; 0.0001). There was a positive linear relationship between nuclear PACAP expression and pre-operative tumor volume (r² = 0.41, p &lt; 0.02) with a significant difference in slopes between the DCI/VS group compared to controls (y = x(5.0 × 10⁻³), r² = 0.76 vs y = x(7.4 × 10⁻⁴), r² = 0.07, p &lt; 0.05). Elevated levels of tumor PACAP expression is associated with DCI/VS following pituitary surgery and may have a role in tumor growth. PACAP signaling may play a role the development of DCI, but further studies are needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33969,"journal":{"name":"Brain Hemorrhages","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49744602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Middle meningeal embolization for chronic subdural Hematoma: A case series of 7 patients and review of time course of resolution","authors":"G.K. Wong ,&nbsp;E.Y. Cheung ,&nbsp;R.Y. Ng ,&nbsp;S.C. Yu ,&nbsp;D.Y. Chan ,&nbsp;J.T. Zhuang","doi":"10.1016/j.hest.2022.04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hest.2022.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is common in elderly after a mild or trivial head injury. The concern for embolization is the period to wait, as compared to immediate relief of mass effect from surgery. Thus, a combination approach is advocated in our center when in doubt. We here reported our initial experience and observation with respect to time course of resolution.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>We retrospectively reviewed all the patients with CSDH undergoing Onyx middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization with curative intent and excluded patients for palliative treatment in a neurosurgical center in Hong Kong.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Four (50%) CSDH were treated with MMA embolization alone and 4(50%) CSDH were treated with both surgery and MMA embolization. For the 4 patients with MMA embolization alone, one(25%) achieved significant reduction at 6 weeks and 3(75%) achieved resolution at 3 months. For the 4 CSDH with both surgery and MMA embolization, all have resolution at the first follow-up imaging, two(50%) at 6 weeks and 2(50%) at 3 months. There were no procedure related complications, and there were no recurrence nor reoperation in all CSDH.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>MMA embolization is safe and feasible within the framework of surgery to cure and prevent recurrence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33969,"journal":{"name":"Brain Hemorrhages","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 30-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49744802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of clinical misdiagnosis literature on cerebral venous sinus thrombosis","authors":"Yucai Guo ,&nbsp;Desislava Doycheva","doi":"10.1016/j.hest.2022.07.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hest.2022.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Intracranial venous sinus thrombosis (cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, CVST) clinical manifestations and signs are often atypical, and the form of the disease is variable. With the improvement of diagnostic technology and clinical understanding, the detection rate of this disease is on the rise, but the misdiagnosis rate is still at a high level. The goal of our review article is to shed light on CVST to help reduce clinician’s misdiagnosis of the disease.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 18 misdiagnosed CVST documents were published in Chinese medical journals from 2016 to 2020.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The scope of misdiagnosis involves 22 diseases. The top three misdiagnosed diseases are cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, and encephalitis. The main reasons for misdiagnosis are the lack of understanding of the disease, the lack of understanding of the imaging manifestations of CVST, the lack of specific symptoms and signs, and the wrong diagnostic thinking methods to meet the diagnosis of common diseases. A total of 51 misdiagnosed cases described the relationship between misdiagnosis and disease outcome, of which 46 cases (90.20%) did not cause adverse consequences due to misdiagnosis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>It is crucial for clinicians to improve their understanding of CVST, and patients that present with headache, increased intracranial pressure, and focal neurological deficits could potentially have CVST and should be promptly sent to get cranial magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance venography or digital subtraction angiography. The differential diagnosis should be checked and strengthened in order to reduce the occurrence of misdiagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33969,"journal":{"name":"Brain Hemorrhages","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 17-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49744524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible synergism of tissue plasminogen activator and neurocysticercosis leading to intracranial hemorrhage","authors":"Ravi Rajmohan ,&nbsp;Dai Nguyen ,&nbsp;Noel Miner ,&nbsp;Steven Park ,&nbsp;Hermelinda Abcede ,&nbsp;Mohammad Shafie","doi":"10.1016/j.hest.2022.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hest.2022.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neurocysticercosis (NCC) remains the most common helminth infection of the human central nervous system worldwide. Patients with NCC are especially predisposed to cerebrovascular events such as acute ischemic stroke (AIS), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and subarachnoid hemorrhage due to an immune-mediated process in which infiltration of inflammatory cells into blood vessel walls leads to endothelial hyperplasia and endarteritis, known as cysticercotic angiitis. Additionally, the oncosphere of the parasite causing NCC produces <em>T. solium</em> enolase, an enzyme which binds and activates human plasminogen receptor proteins to plasmin, leading to a hypercoagulable state. Currently, NCC is not a contraindication to administration of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for a suspected AIS. However, to our knowledge, it has not been assessed whether the presence of NCC increases the likelihood of hemorrhagic conversion of an AIS after tPA administration. We present the case of an 83-year-old lady with NCC who developed multifocal right-sided ICH involving the temporal, parietal, and frontal lobes six and a half hours after tPA administration for a suspected AIS. Given this event and the cellular mechanisms provided, we recommend a safety surveillance study to further determine the potential risks of hemorrhagic conversion in this population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33969,"journal":{"name":"Brain Hemorrhages","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 34-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49744743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of Siriraj stroke score to distinguish between hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke","authors":"Iqra Athar,&nbsp;Adil Muhammad Malik,&nbsp;Neelma Naz Khattak,&nbsp;Anam Anis,&nbsp;Mansoor Iqbal,&nbsp;Haris Majid,&nbsp;Mazhar Badshah","doi":"10.1016/j.hest.2022.07.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hest.2022.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The aim of study was to establish a quick way to differentiate between hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke by using siriraj stroke score and find its specificity and sensitivity by comparing it with CT scan findings.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Cross-sectional study.</p></div><div><h3>Place and duration of study</h3><p>Department of Neurology Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad from Jan 2021 to June 2021.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>Total 110 patients of acute stroke were included. Any patient of &gt; 20 years old, non-traumatic, focal neurological deficit &lt; 14 days with no obvious reason other than vascular were included. Siriraj stroke score was calculated its findings were compared with a CT scan findings. Data was analyzed by SPSS ver.23.0.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean age of patients was 66.10 ± 14.58 years. There were 54 (49.10 %) males and 56 (50.90 %) females. Hypertension was the most common disease found in 79 (71.8 %). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of Siriraj stroke score was 83.87 %, 66.6 %, 74.2 % and 71.42 % respectively for hemorrhagic stroke and 93.4 %, 80.95 %, 93.4 % and 37.03 % respectively for non-hemorrhagic stroke.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>It is an easy, cost effective and bed side scoring system which can accurately identify the stroke type without any other radiological investigation. It can be employed in areas where CT scan facility is not available and treatment can be started early which will definitely lower mortality and morbidity of stroke patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33969,"journal":{"name":"Brain Hemorrhages","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 13-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49744848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glymphatic system and post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus","authors":"Fenghui Ye,&nbsp;Richard F. Keep,&nbsp;Ya Hua,&nbsp;Hugh J.L. Garton,&nbsp;Guohua Xi","doi":"10.1016/j.hest.2022.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hest.2022.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The glymphatic system is a recently identified route for exchanging parenchyma interstitial fluid and cerebrospinal fluid along perivascular space, facilitating brain waste clearance. Glymphatic system dysfunction has been reported in many neurological diseases. Here we discussed the possible role of glymphatic system in posthemorrhagic brain injury, especially posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33969,"journal":{"name":"Brain Hemorrhages","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 44-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10260252/pdf/nihms-1855659.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9623580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of accuracy, sensitivity and specifity of Bahrudin score vs Siriraj score vs Gajah Mada algorithm in diagnosing type of stroke","authors":"Mochamad Bahrudin ,&nbsp;Probo Yudha Pratama Putra ,&nbsp;Dinda Amalia Eka Putri","doi":"10.1016/j.hest.2022.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hest.2022.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Rapid diagnosis is crucial for stroke patients since it is an emergency that may result in morbidity and mortality. The gold standard, which is a CT scan of the brain is not always feasible, hence, Siriraj and Bahrudin Score, as well as Gajah Mada Algorithm are likely to be alternatives.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aims to determine the specificity and sensitivity of the Siriraj and Bahrudin Score as well as Gajah Mada Algorithm.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A cross-sectional study was undertaken at five network hospitals of the Medical Faculty University in Muhammadiyah Malang. It involves a sample of 304 medical records used to determine the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve with output area under the curve (AUC).</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>The result showed that the sensitivity and specificity of Bahrudin and Siriraj Acore, as well as Gajah Mada Algorithm for determining infarct stroke was 91.3% vs 89.7% vs 61.2% and 67.7% vs 69.4% vs 77.4%, respectively. For determining hemorrhagic stroke the values were 67.7% vs 69.4% vs 77.4% and 91.3% vs 89.7% vs 61.2%, respectively. Furthermore, the area under the curve of Bahrudin and Siriraj Scores was better than Gajah Mada Algorithm.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In conclusion, Bahrudin and Siriraj Scores have good accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in diagnosing stroke than Gajah Mada Algorithm.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33969,"journal":{"name":"Brain Hemorrhages","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 184-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589238X22000481/pdfft?md5=231cb7a7cc75bd16b42d88c99de8f940&pid=1-s2.0-S2589238X22000481-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86029855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating the effects of Endothelin-1 following a minimally invasive surgery reduces the blood-brain barrier permeability in a rabbit model of intracerebral hemorrhage","authors":"Chen Li ,&nbsp;Xianlin Meng ,&nbsp;Likun Wang ,&nbsp;Siying Ren ,&nbsp;Natahnael Matei ,&nbsp;Guofeng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.hest.2022.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hest.2022.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The aim of the current study is to evaluate if ET_B inhibition following ICH can mitigate the deleterious impact of ET-1, e.g., BBB disruption, and improve neurological function.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 90 male rabbits (2.8–3.4 kg) were randomly assigned to the following groups (n = 10 per group): normal control (NC), pseudo-control (PC), drug control using normal saline (DC), model control (MC + ICH), minimally invasive surgery (MIS + ICH), minimally invasive surgery + ET-1 receptor agonist (MIS + IRL1620 + ICH), IRL1620 + ICH, ET-1 receptor antagonist (BQ788 + ICH), and IS + BQ788 + ICH. ICH was induced in all groups except for NC, DC and PC groups.</p><p>In MIS, MIS + BQ788, and MIS + IRL1620 groups, at the 6-hour mark following ICH, MIS was used to evacuate the hematoma followed by immediate drug (BQ788 or IRL1620 or saline) injection into the ear vein. On day 3, all rabbits were evaluated by purdy score and then sacrificed. The perihematomal brain tissue was removed to determine the expression of ET-1 and MMP-9 by immunohistochemical procedures. MDA expression was evaluated by ELISA, and BBB permeability was evaluated using Evens Blue (EB) methods. Brain water was determined using a dry-wet weighing method.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The purdy score, ET-1, MDA, MMP-9, BWC, and BBB permeability were decreased in groups treated with BQ788 and increased in groups treated with IRL1620. The combination of MIS + BQ788 markedly decreased these deleterious outcomes (purdy score, ET-1, MDA, MMP-9, BWC, and BBB permeability) compared to the MIS group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Using a non-selective antagonist of ET_B, deleterious outcomes associated with increased levels of ET-1 following ICH were ameliorated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33969,"journal":{"name":"Brain Hemorrhages","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 177-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589238X22000365/pdfft?md5=b33f079121788169017e3394f3209836&pid=1-s2.0-S2589238X22000365-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91336929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene expression changes implicate specific peripheral immune responses to Deep and Lobar Intracerebral Hemorrhages in humans","authors":"Bodie Knepp ,&nbsp;Bradley P. Ander ,&nbsp;Glen C. Jickling ,&nbsp;Heather Hull ,&nbsp;Alan H. Yee ,&nbsp;Kwan Ng ,&nbsp;Fernando Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Paulina Carmona-Mora ,&nbsp;Hajar Amini ,&nbsp;Xinhua Zhan ,&nbsp;Marisa Hakoupian ,&nbsp;Noor Alomar ,&nbsp;Frank R. Sharp ,&nbsp;Boryana Stamova","doi":"10.1016/j.hest.2022.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hest.2022.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The peripheral immune system response to Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) may differ with ICH in different brain locations. Thus, we investigated peripheral blood mRNA expression of Deep ICH, Lobar ICH, and vascular risk factor-matched control subjects (n = 59). Deep ICH subjects usually had hypertension. Some Lobar ICH subjects had cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Genes and gene networks in Deep ICH and Lobar ICH were compared to controls. We found 774 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 2 co-expressed gene modules associated with Deep ICH, and 441 DEGs and 5 modules associated with Lobar ICH. Pathway enrichment showed some common immune/inflammatory responses between locations including Autophagy, T Cell Receptor, Inflammasome, and Neuroinflammation Signaling. Th2, Interferon, GP6, and BEX2 Signaling were unique to Deep ICH. Necroptosis Signaling, Protein Ubiquitination, Amyloid Processing, and various RNA Processing terms were unique to Lobar ICH. Finding amyloid processing pathways in blood of Lobar ICH patients suggests peripheral immune cells may participate in processes leading to perivascular/vascular amyloid in CAA vessels and/or are involved in its removal. This study identifies distinct peripheral blood transcriptome architectures in Deep and Lobar ICH, emphasizes the need for considering location in ICH studies/clinical trials, and presents potential location-specific treatment targets.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33969,"journal":{"name":"Brain Hemorrhages","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 155-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10019834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9508761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}