輔導與諮商學報最新文献

{"title":"照顧歷程中靈性關懷-畢業照顧者的心聲","authors":"邱惠茹 邱惠茹, 李孟芬 Hui-Ju Chiu","doi":"10.53106/181815462022114402003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/181815462022114402003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 從擔任起家庭照顧者開始，即面臨生命中重大衝擊、改變及抉擇。許多家庭照顧者彷彿按下生命的暫停鍵，自己角色逐漸消失在照顧路上。本研究探討畢業照顧者從照顧歷程到責任終了後，靈性關懷介入對其照顧歷程的影響。以質性研究半結構式深度訪談進行資料蒐集，研究對象為曾擔任家庭主要照顧者至少1年以上，且結束照顧責任1～3年者。共訪問6位畢業照顧者，性別各半，年齡在23～61歲之間，5位基督徒及1位一般民間信仰者。訪談大綱經專家效度確認，訪談逐字稿以紮根理論分析。結果顯示家庭照顧者的照顧價值觀及生命反思隨著照顧歷程不斷變化，照顧歷程的靈性挑戰與悲傷歷程相似。提供靈性關懷可參考3R原則。家庭照顧者內在的自我靈性照顧深深連結於個人的信仰信念或社會規範中，是重要的復原因子。建議家庭照顧者本身要能主動向外與他人連結，向內接納自我，向人與至高者敞開心靈的通道；親友對家庭照顧者的靈性關懷，需持續至其結束照顧責任後。日常主動陪伴、連結與提供必要的支援，能預防其因失落而放棄生存意志。專業助人者在提供靈性關懷時，應視家庭照顧者為獨立需被關懷的個體；本研究並提出未來研究建議。\u0000 Being the main family caregiver means their lives are facing major impacts, changes, and choices throughout the entire caring process. Many family caregivers seem to press the pause button of their lives, and part-take in a completely different way of life. The purpose of the study is to explore the impact of spiritual care intervention on the care process of former primary family caregivers from the care process to the end of their responsibilities. Data collection was used semi-structured in-depth interviews. The subjects had taken the role as a primary family caregiver at least one year and had subsequently ended their responsibility for a minimum of one to a maximum of three years. Six former primary family caregivers were interviewed, among whose gender was equally distributed. Ages ranged from 23 to 61 years old. Five cases come from Christian background and one from traditional folk belief. The validity of the interview outline was agreed upon by experts. The interview scripts are analysed with grounded theory. The results show how care values and life reflections are constantly changing along with the care process. The spiritual challenge during of the care process is similar to the five stages of the grieving process. To provide spiritual care, one can refer to the 3R principles. The inner self-spiritual care of the family caregivers is deeply connected to the individual’s beliefs or social norms, and is an important resiliency factor. The family caregivers are encouraged to actively build connections outwardly, make peace with themselves inwardly, and open up their spirit to receive help from people and God. The spiritual care of relatives and friends for family caregivers are suggested to last beyond the end of the care. Daily active companionship, connection and provision of necessary support can prevent the caregivers from giving up their will to survive due to loss. When professional helpers provide spiritual care, they should treat family caregivers as independent individuals who need to be cared for. This research also proposes future research recommendations.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":339089,"journal":{"name":"輔導與諮商學報","volume":"106 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131334158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"《權力與抗拒：從女同志案主諮商歷程與感受再探同志友善諮商》","authors":"賴佳琳 賴佳琳, 李淑菁 Chia-Lin Lai","doi":"10.53106/181815462022114402004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/181815462022114402004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 即使臺灣於2019年成為亞洲第一個同性婚姻合法化的國家，社會偏見仍無所不在。過往同志多被視為一群體概括討論，而不同性別社會化過程有其特殊性。本研究透過後結構女性主義的觀點，以質性研究深度訪談的方式，從女同志案主主體經驗出發，嘗試了解女同志諮商歷程互動經驗與影響。研究發現，女同志通常透過親友、醫生引薦資源，並先確認機構對同志的態度。此外，心理師的性別或性傾向、對於女同志的態度與理解程度會影響諮商關係；在醫病的權力關係中，儘管心理師可能透過評估同志情慾真實性、將同性戀病理化、對同志議題採迴避態度、刻板印象與異性戀視框作為權力展現的方式與歷程，女同志的抗拒型態包含沈默不語、選擇結束關係，甚至反過來教育對方。另一角度而言，心理師若能表明同志友善、敏覺於社會氛圍及同志重大事件，是影響諮商關係的關鍵因素，而諮商室外的社會行動也帶來安全感，能增加女同志求助的機會。本研究透過主體性的敘說，呈現女同志案主在諮商歷程中經驗與感受之獨特樣貌，並提出與女同志工作之相關建議，供諮商實務工作者參考。\u0000 Even if Taiwan has legalized same-sex marriage since 2019, landmarking the first country in Asia, mainstream prejudices and discrimination against the LGBT communities can still be found in daily lives. In the past, the LGBT communities were regarded as a homogeneous group, regardless of their distinctiveness of sexual/gender nature as well as socialization processes. In this sense, this research departs from post-structural feminism, adopting qualitative research methods in order to map lesbian clients’ experiences in the process of counselling, thus exploring power and resistance within their experiences. This study firstly found that even though most lesbians assumed counselors tended to be more LGBT-friendly than the general public, they still consulted trustworthy friends, relatives, and psychiatrists for introducing counselling resources to confirm those institutions were to what extent friendly before stepping into the counselling space. Secondly, the biological sex and sexual orientation of the counselors had different meanings for lesbian clients. Thirdly, counselors’ attitudes and knowledge towards lesbians influenced their counselling relationships. In particular, there were unequal power relations between counselors and clients. For instance, counselors may demonstrate their power by estimating the authenticity of sex passion between the same-sex, pathologizing homosexuality, avoiding LGBT issues, or stereotyping clients through heterosexual sexual lenses. However, clients are not passive recipients. Instead, Lesbian clients may utilize strategies such as keeping silent, educating the counselors, or ending the counselling relationship to resist the counselors’ power. Apart from that, counselors’ engagement in gender issues of the society matter in maintaining counselling relationships; for instance, awareness of social atmosphere and major LGBT events, their social action outside counselling room, etc. In other words, counselors’ claims or signals of LGBT-support do encourage lesbians to seek for help when needed and releases their alert to anti-LGBT religious beliefs. In sum, this research contributes to demonstrating the unique picture of lesbian clients in the counseling process, providing suggestions for counseling practitioners on how to work with their lesbian clients more effectively.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":339089,"journal":{"name":"輔導與諮商學報","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127145579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"從員工協助方案到職場健康心理學：台灣職場心理健康相關政策之歷史回顧與展望","authors":"洪瑞斌 洪瑞斌","doi":"10.53106/181815462022054401002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/181815462022054401002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 本研究嘗試回顧臺灣職場心理健康領域在實務場域之發展歷史，特別是以政府相關政策面向為主軸，輔以社會環境脈絡為參照。本研究先從美國的相關領域，即員工協助方案與職場健康心理學之發展歷史簡要描述作為相關背景。然後再進到臺灣職場心理健康領域之實務界與政策面做回顧與爬梳，結果發現除去早期缺乏政策引導的零星組織案例外，大約可分為四期，分別為勞工輔導期、導入員工協助方案期、政府積極落實EAP期以及多面向職場健康促進期等。基於過去歷史之發展，本研究提出未來臺灣職場心理健康領域發展方向包括：專業深化、跨領域合作整合以及本土化等。透過本研究之回顧可提供相關研究學者、政府部門、實務工作者未來推動職場心理健康之努力方向。\u0000 This study attempted to review the history of the development of mental health in Taiwan’s workplaces, focusing mainly on the direction of government policies against the backdrop of social context as a reference. This study begins with a brief description of the development history of employee assistance programs and occupational health psychology in the related fields in the United States. Next up, the study segued into the field of mental health in Taiwan’s workplace practice and policy aspects to do a review, the findings, excluding some isolated cases without policy guidance in the early period, can be divided into four periods: labor counseling, the implementation of employee assistance programs, the EAP implementation by the government and multi-oriented occupational health promotion. Based on the development of history, this study provides the future development direction of Taiwan’s occupational mental health field, including professional deepening, cross-disciplinary cooperation and integration, and localization. It’s expected that by taking stock of the historical review in this study, the future direction of mental health in the workplace can be provided for scholars, public sectors, and workers in this regard.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":339089,"journal":{"name":"輔導與諮商學報","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128569755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"正念融入青少年三級輔導模式之探討","authors":"廖偉舟 廖偉舟","doi":"10.53106/181815462022054401004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/181815462022054401004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 本文探討如何將正念的實證效益結合學校的三級輔導模式以提供青少年心理方面的協助。正念發展至今已有二三十年，應用在醫學、教育、生活等各層面已相當廣泛，亦無年齡層的差別，服務的對象從嚴重的精神疾患到輕微的心理障礙都有顯著的效果，甚至也提供一般人心理保健之道，也因服務對象需求之不同而發展出各種不同的療癒方案或教育課程。筆者認為正念的發展正好與學校三級輔導模式的分層分工相互呼應，不僅同樣關注心理層面的健康，也強調滿足各級學生的不同需求。青少年正值身心劇烈變化的時期，對自我產生很多的好奇與疑惑、擔心與不安，開始面對各種人際困擾，需要環境給予較多的關懷與協助，正念恰可提供青少年相當多的助益；也由於青少年正值國民教育階段，藉由學校正念環境的建構將可協助所有的青少年。儘管目前正念已逐漸在學校發展起來，但是尚沒有清楚的架構依循可以視人適需提供合宜的正念處置方式，因此筆者擬以三級輔導為架構探討如何將正念有效地應用在青少年對象上，冀望能夠協助他們度過風暴的青春期。\u0000 This article explored how to combine the empirical benefits of mindfulness with the school’s three-level counseling model to provide psychological assistance for adolescents. Mindfulness has been developed for 20 to 30 years, and it has been widely used in medicine, education, and life. There is no difference in age groups. Moreover, mindfulness can be beneficial to people of all ages. Mindfulness has a significant effect on its target groups, ranging from severe mental illness to mild psychological disorders, and it’s even provided with the public general with mental health care. Various treatments have been developed due to the different needs of target groups, including healing programs and educational courses. The author believes that the development of mindfulness synergistically interacts with the hierarchical division of labor in the school’s three-level guidance model. It not only pays attention to psychological health but also emphasizes meeting the different needs of students at all levels. Teenagers are in a period of drastic physical and mental changes. They have a lot of curiosity, doubts, worry and anxiety about themselves, and they also begin to face various interpersonal problems. They need more care and assistance from the environment. Mindfulness can provide a lot of help for adolescents. What’s more, since adolescents are at the stage of national education, all adolescents can be assisted by the construction of a mindfulness environment in schools. Although mindfulness has gradually developed in schools, there is still no clear framework to follow to provide appropriate mindfulness treatment methods according to people’s needs. Therefore, the author intends to use a three-level counseling framework to explore how to effectively apply mindfulness to young people and help them weather the ups and downs of their adolescent period.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":339089,"journal":{"name":"輔導與諮商學報","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129248572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"專科生死亡體驗活動之遺囑撰寫作為生命意義實踐：存在現象學分析","authors":"鄭凰君 鄭凰君, 劉淑慧 Huang-Chun Cheng","doi":"10.53106/181815462022054401001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/181815462022054401001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 研究探討（1）死亡逼近下的感受、（2）遺囑之生命意義實踐及（3）因死而生意義實踐之經驗結構。以存在現象學方法分析26份專四生參與死亡體驗活動所產生的遺囑與心得。遺囑內容呈現出兩結果、兩世界、兩面向之生命意義實踐：（1）完成意義實踐：完成此世存有，安頓此世自己（完成自我夢想與自我修練）、安頓此世人倫（完成或延續對父母之感謝、感恩和報恩，對朋友、戀人與手足之相互關懷；及時解開心結、完成感恩與彌補愧疚）、投入死後世界（安頓自己後事與修行；跨越生死兩界延續人倫）。（2）未完成意義實踐：此世遺憾（未能安頓自己－人生沒目標；）（未能安頓人倫－沒完整的家）、投入死後世界（寄望來生能安頓自己）。心得呈現出避開死與接受死兩趨向，前者僅部分出現因死而轉的意義實踐，後者全部出現。整體活動使人深刻體驗存有之可畏，繼而出現自我在苦中之移動，啟動生命意義轉化，展開向生向死之雙重意義實踐，承擔起自我命運與他人之苦的責任。本研究據此提出「因死與苦而生成之意義實踐：為我與為他之雙重開展」模式，並建議後續研究進一步具體化與精緻化。\u0000 The purpose of this study is to explore (a) feelings when facing death, (b) meanings practice for life, and (c) the experiential structure of the meaning practice induced by death. This study adopts the existential phenomenological approach to analyze wills and reflection-after-participation transcripts written by twenty-six college students who participated in an experiential activity of facing-death.\u0000 The content of will transcripts indicates the practice of three dimensions with dual characteristics when the participants faced death: outcome (meaning transformation or not), worlds (being-in-this-life-world and the post-death world), and subjects (self and others). (1) Participants who presented the fulfillment of meaning conversion tried to establish harmony in relations not only with the two subjects but also in the two worlds. For themselves in being-in-this-life-world, participants arranged to care for themselves by fulfilling dreams and practicing self-improvement. Meanwhile, for others, practices adopted to care for persons who have had in this life world are as follows: being grateful for parents and paying a debt of gratitude; giving and enjoying mutual caring between siblings, friends, and lovers; and expressing apologies or regrets to those who have experienced harm and then tried to restore relationships. As for the post-death world, practices taken to deal with both the two subjects and the two worlds include making plans of their own funeral, afterlife spiritual practice, and arrangement of care for others across the worlds of life and death. (2) Individuals who failed to present thoughts related to meaning transformation showed regrets both for their lives and for relationships with others in being-in-this-life-world. Nevertheless, they still remained a glimmer of hope in the afterlife, such as finding their own goals of life in the afterlife. The results of reflection transcripts revealed two approaches to death: acceptance and avoidance. All individuals accepting death presented meaning transformation; however, only part of death-avoidance individuals described the transformation.\u0000 In sum, the facing-death activity facilitates individuals to start a journal of the transformation of meaning for life: Participants profoundly experienced the awe of existence and the emerged suffering. Their selves are immersed in and moving among multiple modes of suffering. Individuals then start to unfold the meanings and started practices of life toward both the two subjects and the two worlds. I","PeriodicalId":339089,"journal":{"name":"輔導與諮商學報","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133772632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"亂倫受害者經通報安置到返家之復原歷程初探","authors":"方愛珍 方愛珍, 利翠珊 Ai-Chen Fang","doi":"10.53106/181815462022054401003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/181815462022054401003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 當應該提供保護的父親變成性侵害的加害者、當母親捍衛著家庭的完整卻忽略孩子的受傷，安置成為終止傷害必要的手段時，服務系統提供些什麼幫助亂倫受害者創傷復原、返家後的適應以及其中的成長與轉化歷程，是本研究所關注的焦點。本研究以敘說分析的方式，探討父女亂倫受害者在經過通報安置並進入服務系統後，受害者對於各項服務介入的知覺及創傷復原歷程。藉由深度訪談蒐集亂倫受害者的回顧詮釋，理解其被通報後的內在知覺感受和外在情境脈絡的交互影響，並嘗試歸納受害者復原的正向促進因子。研究結果發現，儘管離開原生家庭是分離和失落、面對陌生環境是混亂和不安，但安置期間得以被適當對待和獲得新經驗。當結束安置，面對解構再重組的家庭、陌生卻又熟悉的母親、不同生命階段的開展，返家雖然是另一段艱辛挑戰的開始，但服務系統持續提供支持、穩定的諮商關係引導自我覺察與自我了解，以及過程中累積而成的值得被愛的感受及信任，可以讓亂倫受害者內化經驗形成新的視野與能力，並持續自我覺察與自我照顧，進而踏上復原之路。\u0000 Out-of-home placement may become necessary when the father, who should have been the protector, becomes the perpetrator of sexual assault, and the mother, who attempts to keep the family together, neglects the impact of trauma on the child. This research focuses on what the service system provides to help victims of incest recover from trauma, facilitate them to fit in after returning home, and pinpoint mechanisms by which victims change in the process. Through the narrative approach, this research explores the victim’s perception in regards to post-report placement, treatment, and services in the child protective service system offered by Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault Prevention Center. Through in-depth interviews to gather the victim’s reflections and interpretation, this research seeks to understand and analyze the correlation between the victim’s internalized perception and externalized awareness, and to enlist the protective factors which promote recovery. This study attempts to show the history of being placed to return home of incestuous victims, but the ups and downs of the process is a long dark and unending arduous course and painful metamorphosis for the victims. The victim’s childhood experience is formed not only from the sexual abuse of the biological father but also from the growing trauma of constantly carved, accumulated family injuries, which are likely to be healed only if all variables involved are pinpointed. The study found that despite the grief of separation from the family of origin and the anxiety provoked by being placed into a completely unfamiliar environment, being placed in a placement agency may begin to restore the victim’s mental health through being treated appropriately and gaining healthy life experiences. However, returning the victim home may be the beginning of a new phase of challenges when the child is expected to reintegrate into the restructured family, reconnect with the mother, who may or may not behave differently, and to continue on the journey of further development. Social workers or counsellors, who have opportunities to accompany the victim and provide emotional infusion and hope for a long time, assist the victim in internalising their own experience and exploring internal positive resources that will help the victim face different life stages and challenges in the future. Therefore, by providing systemic services during and after placement, continued counseling to increase self-awareness, and the trust that is worthy of being loved, the victim can start to re","PeriodicalId":339089,"journal":{"name":"輔導與諮商學報","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132958159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}