從員工協助方案到職場健康心理學:台灣職場心理健康相關政策之歷史回顧與展望

洪瑞斌 洪瑞斌
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Abstract

本研究嘗試回顧臺灣職場心理健康領域在實務場域之發展歷史,特別是以政府相關政策面向為主軸,輔以社會環境脈絡為參照。本研究先從美國的相關領域,即員工協助方案與職場健康心理學之發展歷史簡要描述作為相關背景。然後再進到臺灣職場心理健康領域之實務界與政策面做回顧與爬梳,結果發現除去早期缺乏政策引導的零星組織案例外,大約可分為四期,分別為勞工輔導期、導入員工協助方案期、政府積極落實EAP期以及多面向職場健康促進期等。基於過去歷史之發展,本研究提出未來臺灣職場心理健康領域發展方向包括:專業深化、跨領域合作整合以及本土化等。透過本研究之回顧可提供相關研究學者、政府部門、實務工作者未來推動職場心理健康之努力方向。  This study attempted to review the history of the development of mental health in Taiwan’s workplaces, focusing mainly on the direction of government policies against the backdrop of social context as a reference. This study begins with a brief description of the development history of employee assistance programs and occupational health psychology in the related fields in the United States. Next up, the study segued into the field of mental health in Taiwan’s workplace practice and policy aspects to do a review, the findings, excluding some isolated cases without policy guidance in the early period, can be divided into four periods: labor counseling, the implementation of employee assistance programs, the EAP implementation by the government and multi-oriented occupational health promotion. Based on the development of history, this study provides the future development direction of Taiwan’s occupational mental health field, including professional deepening, cross-disciplinary cooperation and integration, and localization. It’s expected that by taking stock of the historical review in this study, the future direction of mental health in the workplace can be provided for scholars, public sectors, and workers in this regard.  
从员工协助方案到职场健康心理学:台湾职场心理健康相关政策之历史回顾与展望
本研究尝试回顾台湾职场心理健康领域在实务场域之发展历史,特别是以政府相关政策面向为主轴,辅以社会环境脉络为参照。本研究先从美国的相关领域,即员工协助方案与职场健康心理学之发展历史简要描述作为相关背景。然后再进到台湾职场心理健康领域之实务界与政策面做回顾与爬梳,结果发现除去早期缺乏政策引导的零星组织案例外,大约可分为四期,分别为劳工辅导期、导入员工协助方案期、政府积极落实EAP期以及多面向职场健康促进期等。基于过去历史之发展,本研究提出未来台湾职场心理健康领域发展方向包括:专业深化、跨领域合作整合以及本土化等。透过本研究之回顾可提供相关研究学者、政府部门、实务工作者未来推动职场心理健康之努力方向。 This study attempted to review the history of the development of mental health in Taiwan’s workplaces, focusing mainly on the direction of government policies against the backdrop of social context as a reference. This study begins with a brief description of the development history of employee assistance programs and occupational health psychology in the related fields in the United States. Next up, the study segued into the field of mental health in Taiwan’s workplace practice and policy aspects to do a review, the findings, excluding some isolated cases without policy guidance in the early period, can be divided into four periods: labor counseling, the implementation of employee assistance programs, the EAP implementation by the government and multi-oriented occupational health promotion. Based on the development of history, this study provides the future development direction of Taiwan’s occupational mental health field, including professional deepening, cross-disciplinary cooperation and integration, and localization. It’s expected that by taking stock of the historical review in this study, the future direction of mental health in the workplace can be provided for scholars, public sectors, and workers in this regard.
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