Passer Journal最新文献

{"title":"Most Reliable Haematological Indices for Diagnosis of Iron Deficiency Anaemia from Non-Iron Deficiency Anaemia in Reproductive-Age Females","authors":"Adnan L. Abdulraheem, M. Rashid, Gulzar S. Hama Amin, Rahma Darwish, Rahma Faraj, Ali J. Muhialdin, Shwan S. Weli","doi":"10.24271/psr.2022.366774.1176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2022.366774.1176","url":null,"abstract":"Iron deficiency anaemia has become a major public health issue, especially in women of reproductive age. About 50% of anaemia is caused by iron deficiency anaemia. Numerous statistical procedures based on red blood cell parameters have been developed to easily, quickly, and inexpensively provide a differential diagnosis for the microcytic anaemia. The study aims to evaluate the reliability of the haematological discrimination indices (RBC count, Mentzer index, Red blood cell distribution width index (RDWI), Srivastava index, Green and King index, and Ehsani index) to distinguish iron deficiency anaemia from other causes of the microcytic anaemia. The blood samples were collected from non-pregnant women, and they had the microcytic anaemia. During the study, 101 blood samples were taken. A Complete blood count test and serum ferritin test were performed to calculation of the sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive value for each discrimination indices. The validity of discrimination indices was evaluated by using Youden's index. In correctly distinguishing iron deficiency anaemia from other causes of the microcytic anaemia, the Green and King index and RBC count showed the highest ability (77%) and (76%), respectively. None of the discrimination indices had 100% sensitivity or specificity. The highest and lowest sensitivity was found for the RBC count and RDWI, at 92% and 70%, respectively. The RDWI had the highest level of specificity (65%), and the Srivastava index had the lowest level of specificity (30%). The highest positive predictive value found for both Green and King, and RDWI was 78%, and the RBC count had the highest negative predictive value (78%). The Srivastava index had the lowest levels of positive and negative predictive values, 67% and 50%, respectively. According to the findings of this study, the most reliable index in the calculation of Youden's index is the Green and King index. It can be used as a pre-diagnostic tool for IDA and other causes of the microcytic anaemia.","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47282220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Flashback to Cholera Outbreaks in Kurdistan region-Iraq","authors":"Karzan R. Sidiq","doi":"10.24271/psr.2022.367483.1177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2022.367483.1177","url":null,"abstract":"Cholera is a contagious acute diarrheal disease due to ingestion of contaminated water and food with Vibrio cholera, a Gram-negative bacterium that naturally inhabits coastal and estuarine ecosystems. Millions of cholera cases and thousands of deaths are annually reported worldwide. Cholera is endemic in Iraq with every 3-5 years interval. Meanwhile, cholera outbreaks have been reporting in Kurdistan region. However, the epidemiology of the disease has not been investigated. This study comprehensively reviewed the cholera outbreaks in Kurdistan region, depending on the WHO situation reports, online resources and scientific researches. The results showed seven reported cholera outbreaks from 1995 to 2022. The cholera epidemics happened at irregular intervals that makes the prediction of next outbreak difficult. Moreover, the trend of cholera is greatly decreasing from thousands to hundreds of cases throughout the outbreaks and in total about 30 people died. These might be the consequences of effective prevention measures, population health and natural acquired immunity against cholera. It was found that Sulaymaniyah is the most affected governorate in the region. This is probably related to the contamination of the main drinking water resource, little Zab river. Besides, the irrigation of the vegetable fields with untreated sewage could be another cause. Also, both Inaba and Ogawa serotypes of Vibrio cholera, O1, El Tor individually caused the outbreaks. Thus, cholera outbreak will be happening in Kurdistan region, particularly in Sulaymaniyah governorate. This definitely needs more scientific investigations, hoping to tackle the future outbreaks and total eradication of the disease.","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45355103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A DFT study of structural, electronic and optical properties of Lead-free and Ge based cubic perovskite RbGeX‌3 (X= I, Br and Cl)","authors":"N. Abdulkareem","doi":"10.24271/psr.2023.371069.1187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2023.371069.1187","url":null,"abstract":"The current research uses density functional theory (DFT) approximations in conjunction with the plane wave-pseudopotential method to investigate structural, electronic, and optical properties of Pb-free cubic perovskite RbGeX 3 (X= I, Br and Cl) materials. More specifically, Norm-conserving pseudopotential has been employed to describe the ion and valence electrons interaction, and GGA-PBE flavor is used to represent the exchange-correlation part of the energy of the GGA approximation. Lattice parameters obtained are 5.95, 5.55, and 5.29 Å for RbGeX 3 (where X=I, Br, and Cl), respectively, and they are comparable with available empirical and other values. The direct band gap nature of the three compounds under research here is shown and our values of the band gap energy 𝐸 𝑔 are agree with the other available results. Materials under research show responses to electromagnetic radiation starting from the infrared region to very high energies ( ~ 33 eV). The RbGeI 3 has the lowest 𝐸 𝑔 value at the low region energies and the highest optical response peaks but RbGeCl 3 has the highest optical response peaks at energies located near ~ 20 eV. Our results show that these materials are good candidates for photo electronic applications including solar cells","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45674421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medicinal plant feeding impact with different levels on meat quality in Hubbard broiler chicken","authors":"Dlshad Khurshed, Mahir Jumaa","doi":"10.24271/psr.2022.350917.1152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2022.350917.1152","url":null,"abstract":"At the confluence of food science and animal science, using dietary techniques to improve the quality of meat may be a cutting-edge strategy. In this experiment, 200 chickens were separated into 20 cages, with each cage covering 10 chickens. Six chickens were chosen randomly to evaluate research parameters, and the findings were applied to a CRD (completely randomized design), which included five treatment groups and four replications. The effects of dietary (T1) control without Supplementation (T2) garlic powder, (T4) hot red pepper, (T3) dark pepper, and (T5) a mixture of them on the qualitative characteristics of chicken thigh and breast meat were assessed. Meat's chemical characteristics and quality assessments included assessments of the meat's quality (PH, moisture, protein, fat, and ash). Plant supplementations exhibited a significant (P≤0.05) impact on most of the evaluated chicken meat quality criteria, with black pepper being the exception. In conclusion, plant supplementations had a favorable impact on the quality of chicken meat.","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135275278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of biochemical profiles derived from different Fritillaria species in Kurdistan Region using GC-MS","authors":"‌Hemin M. Akbar, H. Azeez, Asaad M Mahmood","doi":"10.24271/psr.2022.370102.1183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2022.370102.1183","url":null,"abstract":"Fritillaria species belongs to Liliaceae family, it has been used as medicinal plants in traditional Chinese medicine for more than 2000 years. These plants are known with significant variations in their chemical profiles. Consequently, the characterization of the profile of the major bioactive constituents in various regions are important for pharmaceutical purposes. Despite the identification of numerous species of Fritillaria in Kurdistan, there is no previous study examining phytochemical components of Fritillaria in this region. This study aims to investigate the distribution of major bioactive compounds in wild bulbs of Fritillaria spp. in Kurdistan. 40 compounds were totally detected using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Among the detected compounds, 15 of them were previously found to have effective biological activities. Results have also shown that amongst the underlying Fritillaria species, variations of the types and quantities of the 15 bioactive compounds were significant. This result is of importance for the classification of different Fritillaria. spp. with distinct geographic distributions and medicinal applications.","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41696780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Effective Components of Cocos nucifera L. Oil on Atopic Dermatitis Skin Disease and Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteria","authors":"T. M. M. Salih","doi":"10.24271/psr.2022.350403.1142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2022.350403.1142","url":null,"abstract":"The major objective of the research is to investigate the in vitro antibacterial susceptibility to fatty acids contained in coconut oil on a collection of clinical isolates. especially, the chronic skin condition Atopic dermatitis (Atopic eczema). caused by gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). Clinical isolates are collected from Shar Hospitals, and the organisms pass through a typical biochemical examination evolution. While coconut oil is obtained using the centrifuge method to extract coconut oil (CE VCO). The sensitivity evaluation is conducted using the disc diffusion method. Lastly, use a measuring tool to estimate the inhibitory zones' diameter. In another hand, after analysis of the oil by GC-MASS, Coconut oil contained numerous chemical components and the highest amount is Oleic acid 54.62%, while the smallest amount was N-Hexadecanoic acid, N-Hexadecanoic acid, (Myristic acid), % 3.34. Sequentially, Heneicosane, 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-% 13.78, with 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid 11.23%, and Nonadecane and his isomers 5.77% percent. Coconut oil doesn't show any sensitivity and a high potential for antibacterial activity due to the high contents of medium and long-chain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids so This study recommends further studies should be done on the oil and its derivative both in vitro and in vivo for showing its mechanisms of actions. © 2022 Production by the University of Garmian. This is an open access article under the LICENSE https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45161644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping of Total Lime Using Remote Sensing and GIS Technology, Case Study: Garmian District, Kurdistan Region-Iraq","authors":"S. Azeez","doi":"10.24271/psr.2023.387488.1266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2023.387488.1266","url":null,"abstract":"Calcium carbonate, lime, is a major component of the regolith, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Lime affects soil characteristics, is a substantial store of earthly carbon, and is used in mineral investigation. Total lime is functioning component in the cultivation of Calcium carbonate and it is formed when calcium ions in hard water interact with carbonate ions to make limescale. Remote Sensing (RS) data and techniques integrated with Geographical Information System (GIS) play an important and prominent role in studying soil properties and how they are distributed by introducing the proportions and concentrations of chemical elements in the soil into GIS programs and then mapping the density of these elements and linking them spatially to the study area, and thus the spatial analysis of these elements. The study aims to map the distribution of the lime-rich regions utilizing remote sensing and geographical information system data and techniques integrated with field data observations in the Garmian region, Sulaimaniyah Province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Total of 80 well-distributed samples were tested precisely in the laboratory. Twelve samples were used as training samples in the classification, and the rest were used for checking the accuracy of the produced maps. The results also showed that Maximum likelihood classification is a reliable method that can be used on Landsat images to extract viable information on lime-rich regions and can predict the attendance and distribution of the lime-rich regions. It is clear that the amounts of calcium carbonate increase towards the study area south because the parent material is limestone and sandstone, which are rich in calcium carbonate, and also because of the low rates of rainfall in that area, which is not sufficient to dissolve the lime and wash it from the soil section.","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48067261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Identification and Phylogeny of Endophytic Bacterial Communities Isolated from some Legumes Using 16SrDNA","authors":"Mohammed Amin Issa, Shaymaa H. Ali","doi":"10.24271/psr.2023.388837.1279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2023.388837.1279","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial endophytes are host-beneficial microbial symbionts inhabiting different plant tissues without causing damage to the host plant. To our knowledge, no previous data was available regarding the endophytic bacterial population colonizing root nodules of plant legumes in this region. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify and assess the biodiversity of the bacterial endophytes of four different legumes species of the Fabaceae family, including Chickpea, Faba bean, Common bean, and Lentil in Duhok province, using 16S rDNA sequencing. The results revealed that 69 different pure culture colonies were isolated based on the phenotypic characteristics of endophytes on YEM medium and Gram staining. Based on 16S rDNA sequencing, seventeen bacterial species have been identified, with the sequence identities ranging from 98.41-100%. They belonged to nine different bacterial genera. The identified bacterial genera were Pantoea sp. (35%), Enterobacter sp. (26%), Clostridium sp. (15%), Kosakonia sp. (9%), Pseudomonas sp. (4%), Curtobacterium sp. (4%), Erwinia sp. (3%), Salmonella sp. (3%), and Rahnella sp. (1%). These bacterial genera belonged to four Phyla, including Pseudomonadota , Bacillota , Proteobacteria , and Actinobacteria . The antibacterial sensitivity against six various antibiotics by disc diffusion method showed different resistant patterns (bacitracin 78%, amoxicillin 56%, rifampin 34%, erythromycin 11%, chloramphenicol and tetracycline 6%), respectively. The phylogenetic analysis clustered the identified bacterial endophytes into three major clades and 11 different sub-clusters (C1 to C11), with a high degree of similarity amongst bacteria belonging to the same species. In conclusion, the population densities, species richness, and frequency of isolated endophytes showed variations based on geographical locations and the type of plant legumes. Finally, the results of the current investigation might add significant knowledge regarding endophytic bacterial populations colonizing different plant legumes in this region","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43921577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GC-Mass Spectormetry Profiling of Essential Oils from Aerial Parts of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra using ITEX and HD Methods","authors":"H. Azeez","doi":"10.24271/psr.2023.390199.1285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2023.390199.1285","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46302090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Detection of Fusarium species infected Corn in Kurdistan region-Iraq","authors":"Halmat Kakakhan, K. Shekhany","doi":"10.24271/psr.2023.375971.1190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2023.375971.1190","url":null,"abstract":"Corn or Maize product is regarded as one of the essential products in the world and stands third product after the rice and wheat crops. Different fungal pathogens attack corn plants; one of them is ear rot, brought on by Fusarium species and whose occurrence is primarily influenced by environmental factors. In order to isolate and identify Fusarium species from corn plants and their prevalence, 50 samples of corn were collected during September, October, and November of 2021 from 30 corn fields in 14 regions of different places in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. From all samples, 39 isolates of Fusarium were detected and based on morphological characteristics, six other species of Fusarium were identified, namely F. verticillioides (33.34%), F. proliferatum (25.64%), F. oxysporum (12.82%), F. incarnatum and F. equiseti (10.25% each), then F. fujikuroi (7.7%). The most prevalent species was F. verticillioides which was isolated from seven corn fields and significantly higher than all other isolated species. All Fusarium isolates were also molecularly identified depending on amplifying the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) universal region using forward ITS1 and reverse ITS4 primers and indicated DNA fragments ranged from 550 to 570 bp. The PCR fragments of the amplified ITS region were sequenced, aligned and registered in NCBI GeneBank with specified accession numbers. The phylogenetic tree and all analyzes were performed using the MEGA program version 11.0.13. The current study concluded that the corn fields in the Kurdistan region are infected with different Fusarium species, and the most common species is F. verticillioides . As well as the Fusarium species in the Kurdistan region have close evolutionary history to the same species in other countries. Thus, the study recommends more research to investigate the occurrence of toxigenic Fusarium species associated with cereal grains in the region.","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44488200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}