Journal of Egyptian Academic Society for Environmental Development. D, Environmental Studies最新文献

{"title":"Flash Flood Modeling on Wadi Reem in the western region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","authors":"M. Shafy, A. Mostafa, E. Sleem","doi":"10.21608/jades.2020.117261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jades.2020.117261","url":null,"abstract":"Most of Saudi Arabia can be considered a typically arid region where the annual average amount of rainfall varies between 50 and 100 mm. Asser Region in western Saudi Arabia is characterized by high rainfall intensity that leads to flash floods. Using digital elevation model (DEM) Watershed and its stream were delineated and morphological parameters calculated using Watershed Modeling System (WMS). Rainfall frequency analysis was performed for selected three rainfall gages using annual maximums of 24-h rainfall. As a result of the sparse hydrologic information, the relation between rainfall and runoff was calculated depending on the morphometric parameters, GIS techniques, Watershed Modeling System (WMS) and Hydrologic Engineering Center- Hydrologic Modeling System software (HEC HMS). In this work, the flood risks were studied and the results are considered the baseline data required to designate the required protection system against these risks. This study aims to assess the impact of flash floods in the Wadi Reem basin, which located in Assir Region, Saudi Arabia","PeriodicalId":337725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Egyptian Academic Society for Environmental Development. D, Environmental Studies","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131749426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study on two different waste-water treatment plants in El-Menofeyia Province, Egypt","authors":"M. Galal","doi":"10.21608/jades.2018.62425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jades.2018.62425","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out at two different waste-water treatment plants in Quessna activated-sludge and Berkt El-Sabee trickling filters during a period extending between Dec. 2015 and Nov. 2016. Bacterial, protozoan and physico-chemical parameters were investigated monthly at these two plants to elucidate their performance efficiencies in treating and enhancing the waste-water. It was obviously that protozoa are represented by three main phyla (Sarcodina, Mastigophorea and Ciliophora) and the ciliated protozoa prevail the other two phyla. The diversity of the most common protozoan genera was more or less similar where Quessna WWTP has 25 genera (two sarcodines, four flagellates and 19 ciliates), while Berkt El-Sabee plant has 27 ones (three sarcodines, three flagellates and 21ciliated genera). On the other hand, the total protozoan numerical density was higher at Quessna as compared with that of Berkt El-Sabee (30247 organism/L and 25975/L, respectively). The total protozoa , Ciliophora and Mastiogophorea were proved to be significantly influenced to varying levels with Coliform bacteria and certain physico-chemical parameters. From the technological point of view, it was proved that the performing efficiency of the activatedsludge in Quessna WWTP is much better than that of Berkt El-Sabee. Accordingly, it could be possible to recommend the replacing of the trickling filters by the activated sludges to obtain more better wastewater treatment.","PeriodicalId":337725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Egyptian Academic Society for Environmental Development. D, Environmental Studies","volume":"159 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126646017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field studies on the protozoan distribution in Damietta and Rosetta branches of the River Nile, Egypt","authors":"M. Galal","doi":"10.21608/jades.2018.62430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jades.2018.62430","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out during a period extending between February 2016 and January 2017 in both Damietta and Rosetta branches of the Nile. Water samples were collected at eight sampling sites; four at Damietta and the others at Rosetta branch so as to detect the variability of the protozoan organisms and evaluate some physico-chemical parameters. It was proved that the protozoan genera of Rosetta branch showed more diverse as compared with those of Damietta one ( 46 and 35 genera respectively). These organisms were belonging to three main phyla ; Sarcodina, Mastigophora and Ciliophora where the latter predominated the preceding two phyla at the various sampling sites in both river branches. Simultaneously, organic matter, ammonia and nitrates exhibited higher levels in Rosetta than Damietta, while phosphates, dissolved oxygen and p H behaved in an antagonistic manner at the different seasons. The abundance of the sewage protozoan organisms was higher in Rosetta branch relative to those of Damietta which could be attributed mostly to the illegal runoff of the sewage wastes from certain villages on Rosetta branch that consequently affect oxygen and organic matter contents at these stations. These unicellular organisms were influenced and proved to be statistically significant to a certain limit with water temperature, phosphate salts, ammonia and organic matter.","PeriodicalId":337725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Egyptian Academic Society for Environmental Development. D, Environmental Studies","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129083249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of water use efficiency on potato production 2- Calculated crop coefficient for potato crop under different irrigation regimes","authors":"Y. Y. Abdel-Ati, Hassan Ahmad Abdelreheem, Yousery Tamam Abdelmageed, Mohamed Yasin Elmazny, Khaled Farghaly","doi":"10.21608/jades.2018.63101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jades.2018.63101","url":null,"abstract":"Two field experiments were carried out at Mallawi requirements research station El-Minia Governorate, Egypt; Water Management Research Institute – National Water Research Center during 2012 and 2013 seasons. \u0000The aim of this investigation is to evaluate the effect of the different irrigation regimes and potassium fertilization rates on crop coefficient of potato. Also it evaluate and compare the potential evapotranspiration (ETp) with actual water requirement under El-Minia Governorate conditions. The experiment included five treatments of irrigation regimes (A) and four treatments of potassium fertilization (B) with three replicates so that the experiment was arranged in a split plot design. The irrigation regime treatments were treationial irrigation (the farmers practes, 100%, 90%, 80% and 70% of field capcity). Potassium rates was applied in a form of potassium sulphate (48%K2O) at rate 200 kg/fed. (b1), 100 kg K2O/fed. + potasine (Biofertilizer) at rate 6 liters/fed (b2), 100 kg/fed. + potasine (Biofertilizer) at rat 6 liters/fed. + potassium foliar (36% K2O) at rate 2 liters/fed. (b3) and Potassium (biofertilizer) at rate 6 liters/fed (b4). \u0000These results indicated that the first irrigation treatment where plants irrigated with conventinal irrigation had the highest value of actual consumptive use (daily and seasonal). This was due to the decrease in the value of tension moisture of the first treatment which led to increasing the water actual consumptive use. While, the fifth irrigation treatment for plants irrigated until 70% of field capacity had the lowest value of actual consumptive use (daily and seasonal). The application of Potassium fertilization caused a slight decrease in daily, monthly and seasonal  actual evapotranspiration(ETa), in both seasons. Modified Penman and modified Blaney & Criddle gave high average values for potential evapotranspiration (ETp) (63.24 and 56.50 cm/season) while radation method and pan method gave less average values (53.99 and 49.11 cm/season) for the two studied seasons respectively. The actual values of evapotranspiration were less than those computed by climatological equations. This is due to the estimated factors in these equations.                                        \u0000The average values of potential evapotranspiration (ETp) for the two studied seasons, by modified Blaney & Criddle and radation method were the nearest values to general average (+1.41 and -3.09% respectively). While, the farthest values to general average were obtained by modified Penman and Pan method (+13.52 and -11.85% respectively). Kc average were 0.76, 0.72, 0.71, 0.70 and 0.68  for A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5 under all sub-treatments respectively. Modified Blaney & Criddle was the nearest to the actual consumptive use. \u0000Therefore, recommended for calculating the potential evapotranspiration using modified Blaney & Criddle or radiation method for potato plants which grow under El–Minia conditions and other corresponding conditio","PeriodicalId":337725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Egyptian Academic Society for Environmental Development. D, Environmental Studies","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129014483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of Water Use Efficiency on Potato Production 3- Response yield and quality of potato plants to moisture deficit and planting method","authors":"Hassan Ahmad Abdelreheem, Yousry Tamam Abdelmageed, Mohamed Yasin Elmazn, Khaled Farghaly","doi":"10.21608/jades.2018.63102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jades.2018.63102","url":null,"abstract":"Two field experiments were carried out at Mallawy Water Requirements Research station – El Minia, Governorate; Egypt Water Management Research Institute – NationalWaterResearchCenter during 2012 and 2013seasons. The present research was carried out to study the effect of water stress and planting methods on yield, saving water and quality for Potato crop (Solanum tuberosum L). A split plot design with three replicates was conducted. The main plots were assigned to  five irrigation treatments  traditional irrigation (the farmers practices), 100%, 90%, 80% and 70% of field capacity for potato crop and the sub plots into two  planting methods (furrow and beds). The treatments of irrigation were distributed at random in the main plots. While planting methods treatments were distributed at random in the sub–plots. Results indicat that irrigation regime significantly affected total yield in both seasons, where values of total yield/fed. were increased as water stress increased until 80% of field capacity then decreased with 70% of field capacity in both seasons. Also planting method was significantly affected this character in both seasons. The highest yield of potato was obtained with planting in beds and saving water about 14.42% compare to planting in furrow in both seasons. The obtained results in present study show that when the best method was used (irrigated potato until 80% of field capacity and planting in beds A4b2) the irrigation water is saved more than the normal planting in furrow (common method in region) by about 29.72% in both seasons. This treatment was the most superior treatments (from view point water and production) on this character. Starch content values were significantly increased as water stress was decreased where  the highest values of starch content (based on dry weight) were obtained when plants irrigated by conventional irrigation (72.820 and 74.400) in the first and second seasons, respectively. Planting method significantly affected this character in both seasons, where the highest values were obtained from plants which planting in beds in both seasons. The interactions between the studied factors significantly affected strach content in both seasons. Irrigation regime significantly affected the protein content in both seasons, where the highest value was obtained from plants which irrigated with conventional irrigation (6.958 and 7.035%) in the first and second seasoins, repectively. Irrigation regime significantly affected total soluble solids percentage (TSS) and dry matter content in both seasons , where they were increased with increasing water stress in both seasons, and the maximum values of (TSS) and dry matter content were recorded when plants grown at the lowest level of water supply i.e. irrigation at 70% depletion of available water. Irrigation regime was significantly affected the specific gravity (g/cm3) of potato in both seasons, where the specific gravity was increased significantly as watrer stress was","PeriodicalId":337725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Egyptian Academic Society for Environmental Development. D, Environmental Studies","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128360622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sources and levels of trihalomethanes in Suez bay water: Attaka power station (case study)","authors":"Y. A. Soliman","doi":"10.21608/jades.2018.62433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jades.2018.62433","url":null,"abstract":"Trihalomethanes have been identified as one of the most important disinfection byproducts resulted from using hypochlorite in power stations. So, Attaka power station was chosen as a case study which used hypochlorite as biological fouling control in its cooling seawater system. Water samples were collected monthly during 2016-2017 from four sits in the inlet, outlet, after dosing hypocrite and at mixing point. The seawater samples were analyzed for water temperature, pH value, salinity, oxidizible organic matter, total residual chlorine and trihalomethanes (THM’s). The results showed that the two main forms of THMs formed in the receiving seawater were broomcorn and dibromochloromethan. The broomcorn compound was fluctuated between 12.16ppm and 237.25ppm with a mean value of 77.23 ppm and with a total annual of 926.76ppm, while dibromochloromethan ranged from 0.28 to 4.20ppm. Significant positive correlation was found between trihalmethnes fractions and both of the measured concentrations of the total residual chlorine and organic matter, while negative correlations with water temperatures and pH values were noticed. No correlation between trihalomethanes and salinity was recorded.","PeriodicalId":337725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Egyptian Academic Society for Environmental Development. D, Environmental Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133561472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity of planktonic and epiphytic microinvertebrates associated with the macrophyte Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) in River Nile at El-Qanater El-Khiria region, Egypt","authors":"M. S. Ahmad, Reyad Ismail Mostafa, A. El-Aiatt, Mohamed Gaber Desoky, Eid Eid Mohamed, Rana Eid Mohamed","doi":"10.21608/jades.2018.62572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jades.2018.62572","url":null,"abstract":"The present work aims to study the relationship between some physico-chemical parameters and both planktonic and epiphytic microinvertebrates associated with the floating plant Eichhornia crassipes in River Nile at Qanater region. Water samples,  planktonic and epiphytic microinvertebrates were collected seasonally from eight sites in the investigated region. The results indicated that the maximum occurrence of planktonicinvertebrates (810 org./L) was recorded during Winter. Rotifera formed the highest percentage of zooplankton (96.77 %), followed by Copepoda (1.88 %) and Cladocera (1.10 %). Meroplankton and Protozoa formed the lowest dominant groups. Thirty seven planktonicspecies were recorded belonging to Rotifera (30 species), Cladocera (2 species), Copepoda (1 species), Protozoa (2 species) and Meroplankton (2 species). On the other hand, the maximum occurrence of epiphytic invertebrates (1612100 org./m2 plant) was recorded during spring. Forty five species were recorded belonging to Rotifera (27 species), Protozoa (5 species), Cladocera (9 species),  Copepoda (2 species) and Oligochaeta (2 species). The epiphytic microinvertebrates associated with the floating plant Eichhornia crassipes in River Nile at Qanater region recorded the highest number of species and groups than planktonic invertebrates. This indicates that the aquatic plant Eichhornia crassipes habitats are more diverse and have high species richness. The principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted between physico-chemical parameters and planktonic and microinvertebrates.","PeriodicalId":337725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Egyptian Academic Society for Environmental Development. D, Environmental Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117019308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speciation the heavy metals; Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cd and Pb in the Sediment of Lake Burullus (Ramsar site), Egypt","authors":"M. El-Gammal, M. Serag, Mohammad Abdel Galil, Afifi I. Basiony, K. El-Moselhy","doi":"10.21608/jades.2018.62578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jades.2018.62578","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to investigate the speciation and distribution of the heavy metals; Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cd and Pb in the sediments of Lake Burullus, Egypt. The mean metal concentrations of the sediments followed the order of Fe >Mn> Zn > Cu > Ni >Pb> Cd. The evaluated contamination with these metals was revealed moderate to strong ecological risk. According to applying index of the potential ecological risk index (RI), risk assessment code (RAC) and modified risk assessment code (mRAC); the risk levels showed the following order Cd = Pb>Mn> Ni > Zn > Cu > Fe. Considering the metals speciation, high levels were found in the residual fraction for Fe, Cu, Zn and Ni; while were in Fe-Mn hydroxide fraction for Cd and Pb, and in carbonate fraction for Mn. All metals showed enrichment during summer at stations of the southeastern parts of the lake due to the heavy discharge of contaminants from shakhloba, kotichener and Hoksa drains. Therefore, monitoring of contaminants discharge and determination of heavy metal and other pollutants in the water and sediments and its fractionation at Lake Burullus should be introduced for future and management strategies.","PeriodicalId":337725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Egyptian Academic Society for Environmental Development. D, Environmental Studies","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127912681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protozoan diversity at certain provinces on the River Nile, Upper Egypt","authors":"M. Galal","doi":"10.21608/jades.2018.62577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jades.2018.62577","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":337725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Egyptian Academic Society for Environmental Development. D, Environmental Studies","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127980637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of lead on some oxidative stress of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus","authors":"N. Elarabany, Mona Alfakheri, Mohammed Bahnasawy","doi":"10.21608/jades.2018.62581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jades.2018.62581","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the effects of sub-lethal concentrations of lead (PbCl2) on some oxidative stress in the African catfish Clarias gariepinus. Fishes were captured from Manzala Lake, Egypt. They were acclimatized and fed with commercial fish diet for one month before starting the experiment. Two experimental groups were exposed to two sublethal concentrations (10% and 30% of LC50) of lead chloride, fishes from different experimental groups were sacrificed after 60 days of exposure. Oxidative stress enzymes such as GSH, CAT, SOD, and MDA were estimated. Group treated with Pb10 % showed significantly lower concentrations of GSH. On the other hand, Pb 30% group showed a significantly higher concentration of CAT, MDA and SOD.","PeriodicalId":337725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Egyptian Academic Society for Environmental Development. D, Environmental Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128631300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}