Journal of University Medical Dental College最新文献

{"title":"DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND FUTURE OF MEDICAL EDUCATION","authors":"A. S. Malik","doi":"10.37723/JUMDC.V12I2.622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/JUMDC.V12I2.622","url":null,"abstract":"One of the major challenges, which COVID-19 pandemic has presented to medical teachers, is to either readapt and transform their usual clinical teaching on real patients in such a way that there is a zero risk of transmission of SARS CoV-2 to any of the participants i.e. the patient, the students and the teacher or use alternate methods to teach clinical medicine. Consequently, the situation has led to the increased use of digital technology (DT) and an assortment of gadgets and tools along with artificial intelligence (AI) are being used increasingly to enhance teaching and learning activities. It is apparent that the DT and AI are also going to play a progressively substantial role in the examination, diagnosis and management of patients. This will have major implications to the field of medical education globally. Medical teachers are facing two vital challenges: how to use digital technologies in medical education, and how to be a medical teacher in a digital age. These challenges have become even more crucial as we are currently training the last generation of doctors who can remember a time before the Internet, the first who will learn in an environment dominated by digital technologies and the first who will practice in a predominantly e-health environment [1]. The educational goals of using technology in medical education include facilitating basic knowledge acquisition, improving decision making, enhancement of perceptual variation, improving skill coordination, practicing for rare or critical events, learning team training, and improving psychomotor skills. Different technologies can address these goals. The task of medical educators is to use these new technologies effectively to transform learning into a more collaborative, personalized, and empowering experience [2]. Digital technologies encompass the computing devices, software and network infrastructures. AI uses large data sets and identifies interaction patterns among variables. These techniques can discover previously unknown associations, generate novel hypotheses, and drive researchers and resources toward most fruitful directions [3]. Technologies such as podcasts and videos with flipped classrooms, mobile devices with apps, video games, simulations and wearable devices are some of the applications that are currently playing crucial roles in changing the educational environment [2]. Most of the physical examination is being replaced by technology and even positive findings on physical examination are re-confirmed by use of technology. Ultrasonography has become a routine examination in Obstetrics & Gynaecology, echocardiography is a must in every child with suspected congenital heart disease and there is no need to use physical examination skills to locate the site of lesion in CNS as CT scan and MRI will do it for you. AI is contributing momentously in making diagnoses by comparing patient data/photos with those stored in the massive data bank. Use of AI in making diagnosis ","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42205841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contents","authors":"Editor","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v11i4.534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v11i4.534","url":null,"abstract":"conent list","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48172869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON EDUCATION OF UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS OF PAKISTAN.","authors":"N. Aziz, M. Waseem, A. Fatima, Aqsa Anwar, Fahad Khalid, Taimoor Asghar","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v11i4.448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v11i4.448","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: COVID-19 has caused unrest among medical students all over the world including Pakistan. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of COVID-19 on education of undergraduate medical students of Pakistan by assessing their responses to a survey. \u0000METHODOLOGY: A validated questionnaire of this cross-sectional analytical study was distributed among 900 undergraduate MBBS students of different medical colleges and universities across Pakistan. Results were assessed by using SPSS version-24. \u0000RESULTS: The response rate of our study was 85%. Majority of the participants were females (64.4%) while the fourth year MBBS students took part in the survey with the highest number of students, 434 (56.7%). Major part of the participants (90.8%) agreed to the fact that COVID-19 has affected their study duration. Ninety six percent of the students had online classes during this COVID-19 but more than half of the students (52.8%) were of the view that it’s hardly effective. Interestingly 91.5% of the students participating in the survey showed that they have lost interest in studies. A great difficulty was faced by the students in establishing boundaries between work and home (84.0%). Almost eighty five percent of the students missed their classroom environments. \u0000CONCLUSION: There is a huge impact of COVID-19 on medical education of the students in Pakistan. It affected them both physically and mentally and created great phobia in them related to future of their education.","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41856137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPARISON OF ONLINE VS CLASSROOM DELIVERY OF UNDERGRADUATE BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES MODULE","authors":"Fouzia Hanif, F. Ehsan, Nasim Ilyas, Safia S.Khan","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v11i4.479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v11i4.479","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Corona virus disease (Covid-19) pandemic has impacted lives and institutes globally with serious consequences.  No doubt universities are facing immense challenges in this transition to online education. To evaluate the effectiveness of online system of teaching in Covid 19 pandemic as compared to classroom teaching in a basic medical sciences module. \u0000METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Islamic International Dental College, from 15th February to 15th May 2020 on 1ST year BDS students. At the end of their online module, an online feedback questionnaire was given to students. Assessment of the online module was compared with the previous class module assessment to get an insight of their performance. SPSS version 25 was used. Student’s t test was used. \u0000RESULTS: A highly significant p value was found in both Physiology and Biochemistry online tests as compared to class tests. Regarding feedback, 63(91.3%) students preferred classroom teaching as it enhanced active participation 59 (85.5%) and student teacher engagement 62 (89.9%). Students agreed that queries were addressed during online sessions 57 (70.9%) but they seemed less motivated 21(30.4%) and grasping of difficult concepts was tough 48 (69.5%). Teachers seemed more enthusiastic in online teaching 52 (75.4%), but there was variety of teaching tools used in classroom sessions 65 (94.2%). \u0000CONCLUSION: Gradually medical universities, faculty and students will adapt with the e-learning but we need to implement innovative and proactive measures for students and faculty to enhance students learning.","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43649870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MISCARRIAGES AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH DEPRESSION & QUALITY OF LIFE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY","authors":"Lubna Ahmed Soomro, Saira Almas","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v11i4.439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v11i4.439","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Quality of life describes the way of perception of an individual’s position in life. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of miscarriages on quality of life and depression in women with or without miscarriages. \u0000METHODOLOGY: Descriptive Cross sectional study was conducted at different hospitals of Hyderabad, Sindh in six months among 200 participants (100 without miscarriage & 100 with miscarriages). The age range of the participants was 18–40 years. Demographic information was taken to get information about the participants like age, family system, education. Two validated, structured questionnaire namely; Quality of Life (QOL) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were administered. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 23.0, independent sample t-test was applied to observe difference of depression and quality of life among women with or without miscarriages. \u0000RESULTS: In the sample among women with miscarriages 42 % were in the age range of 18-30 years and 58 % were of age 31-40 years. Among females without miscarriages 63% were aged 18-30 years and 37% were 31-40 years. Females without miscarriages have education up to masters (20%) and graduation (23%) and most females with miscarriages have primary education (38%). The independent sample mean differences revealed females with miscarriages more depressive (t = 24.407, p<0.05) than females without miscarriages (women without miscarriage =27.52±5.43; women with miscarriage =8.08±5.82). Females with miscarriages feel hopeless 73.3%, guilty 70.3%, highly self-blaming 68.3, and have feeling of complete failure 88.1%. 98% females reported that they don’t cry even they want to, on the other hand only 3% females without miscarriages reported this feeling. The perceived quality of life is higher in women without miscarriages (t =11.75, p= .000), 58.1% females with miscarriages have emotional problems, feeling nervous 59.4% and lack of cheerfulness 63.8%. \u0000CONCLUSION: Depression is increasing rapidly in the women that loss their fetus. They feel high sadness, grief and low quality of life as compared to women without miscarriages.","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48753748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSOCIATION OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX SYMPTOMS (FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY) WITH BODY MASS INDEX IN FEMALES WITH GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE","authors":"A. Rabbani, Benish Adil, Ramsha Arshad","doi":"10.37723/JUMDC.V11I3.428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/JUMDC.V11I3.428","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Overweight individuals have a greater tendency to develop gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This study aims at comparing gastroesophageal reflux symptoms (frequency and severity) in females with different body mass index (BMI) categories. \u0000METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional comparative research study was conducted over duration of 8 months. Both indoor and outdoor patients of medical unit – II Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, fulfilling the inclusion criteria i.e. females 30-55 years of age with confirmed diagnosis of GERD and informed consent were included. Subjects with history of cigarette smoking, diabetes, use of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT), anti-hypertensive or asthma medication were all excluded. Data were collected via proforma and analyzed on SPSS version 17. \u0000RESULTS: Among 360 enrolled women, 08 (2.2%) subjects were underweight, 109 (30.3%) had normal BMI, 151 (41.9%) were overweight, 88 (24.4%) subjects were obese and 04 (1.1%) belonged to morbidly obese group. Among 109 subjects with normal BMI, 53 (48.6%) had mild, 40 (36.69%) moderate, 13 (11.9%) severe and 03 (2.75%) very severe GERD. Among 151 overweight subjects, 37 (24.50%) were with mild severity, 64 (42.38%) with moderate, 35 (23.17%) severe and 15 (9.93%) had very severe GERD. Among 04 morbidly obese subjects, 02 (50%) had severe while remaining 02 (50%) had very severe GERD (p=0.000). \u0000CONCLUSION: Association of GERD symptoms and BMI were found in both normal and overweight women. Reflux symptoms may be exacerbated or even caused by moderate weight gain in people with normal weight.","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49218349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19)","authors":"Aysha Azhar","doi":"10.37723/JUMDC.V11I3.487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/JUMDC.V11I3.487","url":null,"abstract":"The epidemic of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has been emerged from a major city named Wuhan in the Hubei Province of China. It appears to have the potential to cause a major health problem globally. Earlier it is called 2019-nCoV but now this virus is taxonomically termed SARS-CoV-2. World Health Organization has named it as “coronavirus disease 2019” and abbreviated “COVID-19” [1].","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47344484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VIROLOGICAL RESPONSES OF VELPATASVIR/SOFOSBUVIR IN PATIENTS WITH HCV GENOTYPE 3","authors":"M. Sarfraz, A. Rabbani, M. Manzoor, Benish Adil","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v11i1.397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v11i1.397","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The role of Velpatasvir/Sofosbuvir in the treatment of hepatitis C virus type 3 infection is evaluated in terms of virologic responses. i.e Rapid Virological Response (RVR) End of treatment response (ETR) and Sustained virological response (SVR 12). \u0000METHODOLOGY: This was a descriptive case study conducted in Liver OPD of Benazir Bhutto Hospital during 01 November 2018 to 30 April 2019 , in which 100 patients of HCV were enrolled, all of them had HCV genotype 3 infection. Every patient was treated with combination of Velpatasvir/Sofosbuvir 100mg/400 mg Once Daily as part of treatment regimen of HCV infection for 12 weeks. Pre-treatment HCV RNA QUANTITATIVE PCR was done, which was repeated on 4, 12 weeks of treatment and then 12 weeks post treatment. \u0000RESULTS: Among 100 patients, 51 (51%) were male and 49 (49%) were females. Mean age of patients was 43.2 ± 10.4 years (mean ± SD). Mean BMI of enrolled patients was 21.34 ± 2.40 kg/m2. 33% patients were cirrhotic while 67% were non cirrhotic. 53% patients were treatment experienced while 47% were treatment naïve. Rapid Virological Response (RVR) was achieved in 92%, End of treatment response (ETR) was achieved in 96%, while Sustained Virological response (SVR12) was achieved in 99% patients. The results were stratified according to age, gender and BMI. There was no effect of these parameters on the final results. \u0000CONCLUSION: Virological response (RVR, ETR, SVR12) of Velpatsvir /Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin is encouraging.","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42085344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LOWER POLE LIGATION IN TONSILLECTOMY","authors":"Muhammad Saleem, Khizar Saleem, Danish Hassnain, Baber Rafique, Nisar Akbar Khan","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v10i1.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v10i1.25","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Hemorrhage following tonsillectomy has always been a serious problem. Recently several techniques, devices and materials have been developed to reduce the intra-operative and post-operative blood loss but still no optimal methods have emerged. In this study we assessed the effectiveness of lower pole ligation in tonsillectomy ensuring the hemostasis and preventing the post-operative hemorrhage in early and late stages. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a hospital based retrospective study performed in the department of ENT, Aziz Fatima Hospital (Medical College) and Faisal Hospital Faisalabad from May 2014 to June 2017. During this period 310 patients underwent tonsillectomy using COLD DISSECTION TECHNIQUE. Inferior pole was ligated by Negus artery forceps as close to its junction with the lingual tonsils ensuring no tissue remnants are left and knot applied by Negus ligature carrier with Black Silk #1. Bipolar diathermy was used for tonsillar bed hemostasis. Follow-up was continued for the next 4 weeks. \u0000RESULTS: Out of 310 patients undergoing the procedure only 2 presented with reactionary hemorrhage. One of them presented after 3 hours and the cause of bleeding was appreciated as slipping of the knot from the lower pole which was shifted to OT and ligated again using the Silk # 1. Second patient presented after 2 hours with mild reactionary hemorrhage and the site was not from the lower pole, but diffuse oozing from the tonsillar bed which was conservatively dealt by cold sponging and ice cold gargles. Out of 310 only 1 patient presented after 3 weeks with secondary hemorrhage which was treated by broad spectrum antibiotics. \u0000CONCLUSION: The use of lower pole ligation in tonsillectomy affords efficient and practical hemostasis. The procedure is inexpensive and requires no special and refined equipment. The anterior and posterior tonsillar pillars remained intact thus the functional anatomy was preserved.","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44665264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}