Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Replacement of Vit-D in Diabetic Painful Neuropathy among Chronic Type 2 Diabetic Patients","authors":"Amna Ahmad, S. Asif, S. Mushtaq, Murtaza Gondal, B. Azhar, T. Hussain","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i2.834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i2.834","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Painful symptoms of diabetic neuropathy are more common in patients having type 2 diabetes. The objective in this trial was assessment of mean change in pain score upon giving Vit-D supplementation in patients with diabetic painful neuropathy. \u0000Methodology: This study was conducted from December 2019 to June 2020 in OPD of Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi after the ethical approval. A total of 251 diagnosed cases of diabetes (both male and female patients), with high HbA1c and low Vit-D levels were included in the study. Patients having Vit-D deficiency and chronic diabetic neuropathy were given Vitamin supplementation and results were assessed after 1 month through change in pain score according to Douleur Neuropathique 4. A document of consent form was filled by patients who were recruited for this study. Data analysis was done on SPSS version 16.Paired sample t- test, was used to compare pain score where p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. \u0000Results: Among the participants mean age was 48.22+17.06. There were 106 (42.2%) males and 145 (57.8%) female patients. A statistically significant (p<0.05)mean reduction in pain score of 2.20±1.19 was observed, upon giving Vit-D supplementation in Vit-D deficient patients having painful diabetic neuropathy. \u0000Conclusion: Vit-D supplementation significantly reduced pain in patients having diabetic painful neuropathy. \u0000Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Neuropathy, Vitamin D3","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78886052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Outcome of Distal Femur Fracture Treated with Retrograde Nailing Technique","authors":"M. A. Khanzada, M. T. Lakho, Z. Memon, S. A. Zeb, Bashir Ahmed, Rajesh Kumar","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i2.687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i2.687","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Management of distal femur fractures is always challenging for the surgeons. Retrograde interlocking nailing is one of the effective methods with minimal complications for treatment of such fractures. The objective of the study was to evaluate the functional outcome of retrograde interlocking nailing technique in patients with distal femur fractures. \u0000Methodology: This interventional study was conducted at the department of orthopedic surgery, Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad from March 2017 to December 2019. Patients of either gender, between 30 to 65 years age, who presented with acute fracture of distal femur, as a result of trauma within 12-96 hours, requiring surgical intervention were included. Lysholm Scoring System was used to evaluate the functional outcome of patients treated with retrograde interlocking nailing technique. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 24. \u0000Results: Total 102 patients gave consent of participation. The mean age of study participants was 43.50±7.26 with the age range from 40-65 years. Male patients were 76.47% and female 23.53%. In majority (63.73%) of cases, mode of injury was road traffic accidents. Statistically significant difference in functional mobility score between the age groups and gender (p < 0.05) was found. Statistically significant (p < 0.05) decline in mean Lysholm score was observed in participants who had been bearing full weight for 3 months. Excellent functional outcome was achieved by 49.02% patients while 34.31% patients achieved good functional outcome. \u0000Conclusion: Retrograde interlocking nailing for fracture of distal femur is an effective fixation surgical technique with minimal complications and excellent to good functional outcome. \u0000Key words:  Accidents, Femur Fractures, Fracture Fixation, Functional Performance","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":"275 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74960493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future Trends in the Treatment of MRSA in Pakistan","authors":"M. Noorulamin, Dr. Zarafshan Badar Zarafsah, Dr. Ayesha Janjua, Azhar Iqbal, Dr. Sobia Humerah, Dr. Pakeeza Arzoo Shaiq","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i2.672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i2.672","url":null,"abstract":"  \u0000Background: The Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is accountable for community and hospital acquired infections. Due to over and misuse of antibiotics, MRSA isolates are becoming multidrug resistant even with linezolid and vancomycin. The objective of this study was to determine recent antimicrobial profile of MRSA, isolated from different clinical samples and current treatment options for MRSA, other than vancomycin and Linezolid. \u0000Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Foundation university medical college from Jan 2019 to Dec 2020. Total 918 samples of blood, pus swab, throat swab, tracheal swab, wound swab, endotracheal tube (ETT) tips, Catheter tips, axillary swab and suction tips received by using aseptic techniques, for culture and sensitivity in different hospitals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, were taken. Isolated pathogens were identified using standard protocols and susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. \u0000Results: Out of 918 samples, MRSA was isolated in 96 (10.4%) samples and most frequently observed in 27% (n=26) blood samples. The mean age of enrolled patients was 52.02 (SD±16.1) years, the infection was largely seen in age group 46-55(24%) and in 57% (n=52) male population. MRSA showed higher resistance to levofloxacin 78.1% (n=75), ciprofloxacin 75% (n=72), erythromycin 70.8% (n=68) and gentamycin 62.5% (n=60).  The susceptibility of older drug chloramphenicol and Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was found 61% & 49% respectively. MRSA isolates were highly susceptible to vancomycin (96.8%), linezolid (89.5%) and teicoplanin (70.85%). Alarmingly, 2.1% (n=2) MRSA isolates showed resistance to vancomycin. \u0000Conclusion:Vancomycin resistant MRSA is a matter of great concern, because of unawareness among health administrative departments and public, self-medication, lack of surveillance system and non-availability of antibiotic policy.   \u0000Keywords: Antibiotics, MRSA, Vancomycin, Chloramphenicol \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81602295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) For Detection of Spinal Tuberculosis (TB)","authors":"Maryam Khokhar, Nighat Haroon Khan, Saira Bilal, Saima Ameer","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i2.641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i2.641","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis is a major challenge. It is usually made using a blend of, laboratory , imaging investigations, clinical and none of these are 100% confirmatory. The objective of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detection of spinal tuberculosis (TB) \u0000Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Radiology, Lahore General Hospital, on 150 patients, with suspicion of spinal TB from January,2020 to August,2020.  Patients having Backache for >6 months, loss of appetite, loss of weight >10% in previous one month, raised ESR >15 mm/hour, and positive sputum results for AFB were included. The patients underwent full spinal MRI scan. MRI was done using 1.5 Tesla MR for diagnosis of spinal TB. The diagnosis of spinal TB was then confirmed on histopathologic reporting. \u0000Results:Mean age of study participants was 47.83±9.65 years. There was male predominance with 93 (62.0%) males and 57 (38.0%) female patients. The mean duration of spinal TB symptoms was 11.52±3.12 months. On accuracy of MRI, there were 83 (55.3%) true positive cases, 10 (6.67%) false positive, 08 (5.33%) false negative and 49 (32.67%) true negative. The sensitivity of MRI was 91.2%, specificity 83.1%, positive predictive value (PPV) 89.2% and negative predictive value (NPV) 86.0%. \u0000Conclusion: Sensitivity of MRI was 91.2% and specificity 83.1%.MRI is an ideal non-invasive imaging modality for the diagnosis of spinal TB. \u0000Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging, Spinal, Tuberculosis.","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81848441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impending threat of Monkeypox: Responsiveness of Pakistan’s Health System","authors":"Muhammad Ahmed Abdullah","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i2.892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i2.892","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74363074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unorthodox approach to management of Empyema Gallbladder during COVID pandemic in a developing country","authors":"M. Ullah","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i1.811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i1.811","url":null,"abstract":"Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy has established itself as the standard of care for treatment of gallstone disease. The management of high risk patients becomes challenging when they present in Emergency with complications of gallstone disease. These patients are generally elderly with multiple co-morbids; in particular cardiac patients with uncontrolled diabetes present late with acute cholecystitis and have systemic inflammation. The timing of surgery, extent of pre-operative optimization and use of laparoscopy for surgery continue to be utilized differently in such patients across the world especially in regard to COVID Pandemic. We report a case of elderly male with empyema gallbladder during first wave of COVID pandemic.","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79238278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ototoxic hearing loss in the multi-drug resistant tuberculosis era","authors":"Laraib Bakhat, Nazia Mumtaz, G. Saqulain","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i1.683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i1.683","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the prevalence of hearing loss in tuberculosis patients using Ototoxic medicines and association with demographic and clinical variables. \u0000Methods: This cross sectional study recruited a sample of n= 65 diagnosed cases of tuberculosis on ototoxic chemotherapy, of both genders, aged 12 to 70 years, using non-probability convenience sampling. Study was conducted at Audiology Department of Civil Hospital Bahawalpur, over a period of 6 months from 1st May, 2019 to 31st October 2019. Screening was performed using medical history sheet, otoscopy and hearing assessment. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS- Version 21.0. \u0000Results: Results revealed a gender proportion of 43 (66.2%) males and 22(33.8%) females with mean age of 35.87+9.35 years. The prevalence of hearing loss was 23.1% (n=15) with mild hearing loss in 73.33% cases and moderate hearing loss 26.67%. Hearing loss was associated with drug, its duration and associated symptoms of tinnitus and vertigo with p=0.000. \u0000Discussion: It is concluded that hearing loss is quite prevalent (23.1%) with multidrug resistant tuberculosis treatment in this region and is significantly associated with the drug used, its duration and associated symptoms.","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85807575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histomorphometric effects of Raphanus Sativus leaf extract on Carbon Tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity","authors":"Ahsan Aslam, Muhammad Saleh, Farzana Rahim Memon, Sadia Khan, Soobia Pathan, Kazbano Ramsha","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i1.684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i1.684","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Raphanus sativus is a cruciferous plant which possess free radical scavenging properties that defend the body against the deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species. To evaluate the protective role of Raphanus sativus in CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity through assessment of liver function and oxidative stress markers in albino Wistar rats. \u0000Material and Methods: Quasi-experimental study was conducted from September 2019 to March 2020 at the Postgraduate Research Laboratory, Isra University, Hyderabad. Non-random purposive sampling was used for selecting Albino Wistar rats. All rats were then divided equally into three different groups: Group A (control group), Group B (CCl4 experimental group), and Group C (CCl4 plus Raphanus sativus group). Blood samples were collected through cardiac puncture followed by hepatic histopathological analysis using light microscope. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 24, with ANOVA and Post hoc Tukey analysis used for comparison of different study variables. \u0000Results: Statistically significant rise relative liver weight of group B rats compared with the group A and C rats (P <.05). Moreover, statistically significant (P <0.05) rise in serum markers of hepatic functions was observed after CCl4 administration in Group B. Treatment with Raphanus Sativus administration significantly reduced serum levels of LFTs (p<0.05). There was a significant decline in the plasma levels of oxidative markers in group B while marked histopathological changes like necrosis, sinusoidal dilatation and congestion observed among animals of group B. \u0000Conclusion: Raphanus Sativus exerts an anti-oxidative, anti- and hepatoprotective effect against CCl4-induced hepatic tissue damage.","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86947391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma- A case report","authors":"Ahmad Liaquat, N. Riaz, Tahmasub Faraz Tayyab, Ayaz Mehmood","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i1.776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i1.776","url":null,"abstract":"Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (NA) is a rare, highly vascular, benign lesion typically affecting young males. It is prone to spontaneous bleeding even after minor trauma. Reported here is a case of an 18 years old male with almost 8x8cm swelling in the left cheek. There was nasal obstruction due to mass in the left nostril and he had a history of obstructive sleep apnea and frequent epistasis. Surgery was done through Weber- Ferguson approach.","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76443473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Caffeine and Vitamin D3 on the proliferative and hypertrophy zones of epiphyseal cartilage of neonate mice Femur","authors":"Maimoona Khan, Abdullah Qamar, Ayesha Ali, Faiza Umbreen, Fareeha Mushtaq","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i1.728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i1.728","url":null,"abstract":"Objective:   To evaluate the effect of caffeine and vitamin D3 on the height of proliferative and hypertrophy zones of epiphyseal cartilage of developing femur of BALB/c mice. Study design:   Laboratory based randomized control trial. Place and duration of study:  The study was conducted at Anatomy Department, Army Medical College (AMC), Rawalpindi, in collaboration with National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad from October 2014 to October 2015 (1 year). Material and Methods:   A total of thirty (30) pregnant BALB/c mice, weighing 26-28 g, were taken and divided into three equal groups of 10 mice each.  The control group G4 was given normal diet with water ad libitum.  In addition to the same diet, animals in experimental group G5 were given 10 mg of caffeine per 100 g body weight once a day on alternate days through oral gavage for 21 days.  All animals of group G6 for 21 days were given caffeine 10mg/100gm body weight on alternate day and vitamin D3 0.1µg per day by oral gavage.  At completion of the experiment, effect of caffeine and vitamin D3 on the height of proliferative and hypertrophy zones of epiphyseal cartilage of neonate mice's femur was analysed.  Results:  The mean ±SD of height of proliferative and hypertrophy zones of control group G4 animals was found to be 540±10.99μm and 164±6.609μm, respectively.  The mean ±SD of height of proliferative and hypertrophy zones of experimental group G5 animals was observed as 443.5±12.258μm and 138.25±6.129μm, respectively.  The mean ± SD of height of proliferative and hypertrophy zones of experimental group G6 animals was measured as 474±3.8388μm and 144.25±3.7257μm, respectively. Conclusion:   Caffeine intake modified the height of proliferative and hypertrophy zones of the epiphyseal cartilage of developing femur; however treatment with vitamin D3 mitigated this effect. Key words:  Caffeine, Femur, Hypertrophy zone, Proliferative  zone, Vitamin D3.","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85190116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}