Health and Ecology Issues最新文献

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and assessment of the frequency of complications after surgical treatment of patients with free and strangulated hernias using synthetic implants","authors":"A. Lyzikov, E. L. Artyushkov, Y. Y. Doroshko, M. Kaplan","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-08","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To give a clinical assessment and conduct a comparative analysis of the frequency of postoperative complications in patients with free and strangulated hernias of various localizations after tension-free hernioplasty using synthetic implants.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 965 medical records of inpatient patients who underwent tension-free hernioplasty for hernias of various localizations in the period from 2018 to 2022 was carried out. The results of the study were processed using applied statistics using MS Excel and a software package for statistical analysis “Statistica v. 10.0”. Statistically significant differences were considered at p < 0.05.Results. The study revealed that in the postoperative period after tension-free hernioplasty in patients with strangulated hernias, the complication rate was 15.8%. At the same time, the frequency of complications was higher after “onlay” hernioplasty in patients with strangulated hernias than in patients with free hernias. The frequency of postoperative complications in patients with impaired postoperative ventral hernias is 8.3 times higher than in patients with free postoperative ventral hernias. In the postoperative period, complications such as seroma and infiltration of the postoperative wound were detected in 10.5 and 5.2% of cases in patients with strangulated hernias. The duration of inpatient treatment for patients with complications after hernioplasty is 2.6 times longer compared to patients without complications (p < 0,05).Conclusion. In the postoperative period, in patients with strangulated hernias, the incidence of complications was observed in 15.8% of cases, and in patients with free and irreducible hernias in 1.5% of cases. Clinically, such postoperative complications as seromas, infiltrates of the postoperative wound, ligature fistulas, scrotal hematoma, orchitis, abscess of the postoperative wound were identified.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139536039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viral hepatitis E in pregnant women in Belarus: clinical examples and molecular genetic characterization of the virus","authors":"V. Davydov, T. V. Znovets, S. I. Marchuk, A. Babenka, E. L. Gasich, S. Zhavoronok","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-14","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To conduct a clinical and molecular genetic study of two cases of acute hepatitis E in pregnant women from Belarus.Materials and methods. A total of 227 pregnant women with clinical symptoms of liver damage were included in the study. Blood serum samples were used for detection of antibodies to hepatitis E virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, virus nucleic acid was detected from fecal samples by reverse transcription nested polymerase chain reaction. The nucleotide sequence was determined on an automated sequencer using the Sanger method. Nucleotide sequences were analyzed, genotyped and evolutionary distances calculated using MEGA X software.Results. Out of 227 sera tested, immunoglobulins of class G to hepatitis E virus were detected in 15, which is 6.61%. M immunoglobulins were also detected in the blood of six pregnant women, which is 2.6%. Two clinically evident cases of acute hepatitis E were identified. One of the two patients ended her pregnancy with antenatal fetal death. Virus nucleic acid was isolated from another woman diagnosed with hepatitis E, who had an episode of nutritional contact with raw minced pork. The virus RNA sequence isolated from this patient’s body is clustered into a common phylogenetic branch with the sequence obtained from the body of a patient from Belarus with a history of kidney transplantation and sequences isolated from the body of a domestic pig in the Republic of Belarus.Conclusion. Hepatitis E virus poses a significant threat to pregnant women. A set of preventive measures against hepatitis E in pregnant women has been proposed.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139536081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Helicobacter pylori primary resistance to levofloxacin in gastric mucosal biopsy samples using real-time polymerase chain reaction","authors":"A. V. Voropaeva, N. I. Shevchenko","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-19","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To study the primary resistance of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) to levofloxacin in residents of Gomel region by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR).Materials and methods. The study included 170 patients diagnosed with gastritis and duodenitis, K29, median age - years (25% and 75% 37 and 61 years). According to the questionnaire data of the patients, eradication therapy with levofloxacin was not performed for them. To determine the resistance of H. pylori to levofloxacin we used RT PCR. Results. Out of 170 DNA samples analyzed, 8 samples had doubtful results and according to the methodology for recording the results are subject to rearrangement from the DNA isolation stage. The remaining 162 samples were positive for the β-actin gene (internal control sample ICS) and were taken into account in further analysis (Ct, CY5 19.6-27.4). 16sRNA gene DNA (Ct, ROX 19.5-30.04), indicative of bacterial infection, was confirmed in 152 samples (93.8%). DNA of the gyrA gene (point mutations A259T, T261C, G261A, G271A, G271T and A272G) was detected in 19 of 152 DNA samples, and H. pylori resistance to levofloxacin was 12.5 %, (Ct, Hex 23.2-30.7). The positive control samples had characteristic curve growth on the corresponding detection channels, while the negative samples showed no curve growth.Conclusion. Primary resistance of H. pylori to levofloxacin in residents of Gomel region amounted to 12.5%. Mutations of gyrA gene are the most sensitive marker for predicting successful eradication when using fluoroquinolones, in particular levofloxacin. RT PCR is a reliable method of mutation detection and allows simultaneous detection of H. pylori DNA and resistance to levofloxacin, which significantly reduces the study time.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"4 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139536132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of medical and organizational measures in improving the quality of early detection and clinical examination of autoimmune thyroiditis among the population of the Republic of Belarus","authors":"L. I. Danilova, V. A. Rozhko, I. V. Veyalkin, S. N. Nikanovich, T. Sharshakova","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-16","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To evaluate the role of medical and organizational measures in improving the quality of early detection and medical examination of autoimmune thyroiditis in the population of the Republic of Belarus.Materials and methods. The data of population statistics and the State register of persons affected by the Chernobyl catastrophe and other accidents on cases of thyroid pathology, as well as outpatient records of patients were analyzed. Epidemiological, statistical and sociological methods were used.Results. It was noted that different clinical and laboratory variants of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) are encountered in clinical practice. Subclinical AIT with sonographic signs of the disease but without diagnostic concentrations of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (AB/TPO) and disturbances of its function is registered in 14.1 (6.0-24.4) %. AIT with diagnostic concentrations of autoantibodies to AB/TPO, with preserved thyroid function or hypothyroidism occurs in 22.5 (13.534.0) % of the cohort subjects. The frequency of combining AIT with nodular neoplasms of the thyroid increased by the 4th stage of screening and reached 20.7 (11.2-33.4) %.The reasons for different approaches to diagnosis were analyzed and measures to improve organizational and medical measures for early detection and dispensary treatment of patients with AIT were proposed: groups of persons at high risk of AIT and primary hypothyroidism (PHT) were identified, an algorithm for early detection and dispensary treatment was developed, etc.Conclusion. When making a decision to improve the quality of medical care to the population of the Republic of Belarus on early detection and medical examination of patients with AIT, it is necessary to take into account the timeliness of thyroid status studies in the population, compliance with the terms of dynamic observation for persons at high risk of AIT and PHT development, peculiarities of clinical and laboratory variants of AIT course.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139536042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yersiniosis with fever of unclear genesis","authors":"N. G. Kadochkina, A. P. Salivontchik, V. M. Mitsura, A. Pronevich","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-18","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a clinical case of yersiniosis with fever of unclear genesis. For early diagnosis of yersiniosis, its adequate therapy and prevention of complications, it is necessary to take into account the dynamics of clinical manifes- tations and timely conduct specific diagnosis of the disease. Late diagnosis may be associated with the lack of vigilance of doctors with regard to this infection.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"26 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139535960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platelet-associated NETosis in monitoring inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus","authors":"Z. V. Zubkova","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-11","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To assess the possibility of using platelet-associated NETosis parameters to monitor inflammatory activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Materials and methods. 50 patients with RA and 29 patients with SLE were examined. The parameters of early and late platelet-associated NETosis were assessed in autologous mixed cultures containing a leukocyte suspension and intact and ADP-stimulated platelets.Results. In patients with RA and SLE in the acute stage, rates of platelet-associated NETosis were increased compared to healthy individuals (p = 0,00001-0,001). During the period of clinical remission, NETosis parameters decreased in comparison with the exacerbation stage (NET-Рst: p=0,017-0,04), in some cases reaching control values. Based on regression analysis, threshold values for platelet-associated NETosis parameters were determined to assess the activity of the inflammatory process in patients with RA and SLE.Conclusion. Parameters of platelet-associated NETosis are informative laboratory markers of the inflammatory process in patients with RA and SLE.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139536171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of lyophilized plasma","authors":"E. V. Dashkevich, O. N. Bondaruk, N. A. Fiadura, V. I. Asaevich, I. V. Kurlovich, R. N. Demidova, S. N. Ryabtseva","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-13","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To assess the hemostatic potential, preclinical safety and in vitro efficacy of lyophilized plasma in patients and blood donors.Materials and methods. The study of acute toxicity was carried out on outbred mice of both sexes (n=120), pyrogenicity – on rabbits of both sexes (n=30), abnormal toxicity – on mice (n=25) and guinea pigs (n=6). Histopathological studies were carried out on preparations of five fragments of the middle part of the mouse tail after intravenous administration of the maximum dose (4500 mg/kg) lyophilized plasma (LP), physiological solution, fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and pathogen-reduced FFP (PRFFP) using the Intercept system. The proand anticoagulant activity was investigated by clotting and chromogenic method to evaluate the hemostatic potential of PL. The effect on hemostasis was studied in vitro by thromboelastometry when FFP and LP were added to blood samples of patients (n = 23) and donors (n = 20). Results. Acute toxicity study showed the absence of death and clinical signs of intoxication in all series. On the 14th day, body weight gain was observed in animals of all series. Regardless of the used LP dosage, no development of effusion and adhesions in the thoracic and abdominal cavities, as well as macroscopically detectable pathologic changes of the main organs were observed in animals. The analysis of the relative weight of internal organs of animals did not reveal statistically significant differences in experimental and control series relative to the values of similar indicators in intact animals. The studied hemostatic potential showed that LP was not inferior to PRFFP in the content of coagulation factors of the blood system. Evaluation of the effect of LP application in vitro in female patients showed statistically significant correction of CT (clotting time) index, which indicates the effectiveness of its application for replenishment of blood coagulation factors (BCF).Conclusion. Preclinical animal studies of LP have proven its safety and efficacy compared to FFP.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"89 s383","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139629629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the effectiveness of COVID-19 coronavirus vaccination in patients with chronic heart failure at the outpatient stage of treatment","authors":"V. А. Sharoiko, I. Stoma, A. Kovalev, V. A. Yarmolenko","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-15","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To analyze the dynamics of COVID-19 coronavirus infection incidence in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) on the background of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 virus, to evaluate the role of vaccination in preventing decompensation of chronic heart failure, reducing mortality, primary disability in patients with cardiovascular diseases complicated by CHF.Materials and methods. The study included 200 people who were included in the Register of patients with CHF of the State Healthcare Institution “Gomel City Clinical Polyclinic No. 5 named after S. V. Golukhova”. Patients were divided into two equal in number groups: Group 1 unvaccinated against COVID-19 coronavirus infection (n = 100) and Group 2 vaccinated patients (n = 100). The follow-up was conducted for one year (2021) in an outpatient setting.Results. The incidence rate in the group of unvaccinated patients was 3.2 times higher. The incidences of COVID-19 coronavirus infection in the two groups were 16 (16 %) and 5 (5 %), respectively (χ2 = 5.32, p = 0.0210). The incidence of hospitalization for decompensation of CHF was 3.2 times higher in the unvaccinated group than in the vaccinated group (χ2 = 14.93, p = 0.0001). Lethality among the unvaccinated was recorded 1.8 times higher than in the vaccinated group (χ2 = 2.166, p = 0.1410). When comparing the rates of primary disability due to CVD, there was a tendency for increased disability in the unvaccinated cohort (χ2 = 0.592, p = 0.4420).Conclusion. It has been established that vvaccination contributes to the reduction of hospitalization for decompensation of CHF, reducing the risk of mortality.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"24 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139535707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kidney pathology in liver cirrhosis","authors":"E. G. Malaeva","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-09","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To analyze the structure and frequency of kidney pathology in liver cirrhosis according to sectional analysis and to study the relationship between acute renal injury and urinary tract infection.Materials and methods. The design of the study is mixed: descriptive and analytical, which included conducting a retrospective case–control study of kidney pathology based on the results of the protocols of pathoanatomical autopsies on the basis of the state healthcare institution “Gomel Regional Clinical Pathoanatomical Bureau” for the period of January 2022 – July 2023 and clinical, laboratory, instrumental, cytological, microbiological data of patients with liver cirrhosis. The study included 98 deceased patients, including 70 (71.4%) men, 28 (28.6%) women. The average age was 53.9 years, the majority of patients were persons of working age — 72.9% of men and 60.7% of women, 21.4% were young people.Results. The most common kidney pathology in liver cirrhosis according to sectional analysis is acute renal injury (57.1%). Kidney abscesses (3%), tubulointerstitial nephritis (2%) and pyelonephritis (4%) were less frequently diagnosed. Despite the absence of a history of kidney diseases in most patients with cirrhosis, classical clinical, laboratory and instrumental signs of renal tissue damage, macroscopic and microscopic changes of the kidneys were revealed in 100% of cases at autopsy. In 84.7% of cases, acute tubular necrosis was morphologically diagnosed from focal (51%) to total (19.4%), which was not always accompanied by an increase in serum creatinine levels. A moderate relationship was established between acute kidney injury and urinary tract infection (OR = 14; 95 % CI 11.13–16.61).Conclusion. The most common complication of liver cirrhosis associated with an unfavorable prognosis is acute renal injury, which is associated with the presence of urinary tract infection.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"25 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139535961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of medical university students’ professional value orientations","authors":"N. V. Gapanovich-Kaidalov, T. Sharshakova","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-17","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To identify the features of medical university students’ professional value orientations.Material and methods. Methods of theoretical analysis of philosophical, psychological and pedagogical literature on the research problem were used; G. E. Leevik’s questionnaire “Value orientations of personality 8” (VOP-8); methods of statistical analysis of empirical data (generalization and grouping of data, Spearman’s rank correlation method).Results. The analysis of professional value orientations of junior medical university students showed that the participants of the study are characterized, first of all, by such value orientations as labor and material values, the desire to be financially secure, a good specialist, to have a vast professional experience, to improve themselves in the profession. At the same time, there is an underestimation of the importance of moral and moral qualities of effective professional communication of a doctor.Conclusion. To ensure high quality of professional medical education it is important to form in students value orientations and professionally important qualities, which are necessary for successful professional activity and effective communication with patients, their relatives, colleagues and administration of medical institution.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139536191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}