Periodica Polytechnica Architecture最新文献_第8页

A Joint Manifesto for Design Studios based on Residuals and Experiences 基于残差和经验的设计工作室联合宣言

Periodica Polytechnica Architecture Pub Date : 2021-05-25 DOI: 10.3311/PPAR.16758

Hare Kılıçaslan, Pınar Dinç Kalaycı

{"title":"A Joint Manifesto for Design Studios based on Residuals and Experiences","authors":"Hare Kılıçaslan, Pınar Dinç Kalaycı","doi":"10.3311/PPAR.16758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/PPAR.16758","url":null,"abstract":"Architectural education encompasses different approaches from past to present; it is continuously researched and is both vocational and personality training. An updated manifesto for the current era is essential to ensure that the design approaches and tools updated by the boundless opportunities presented by the 21 century do not overwhelm the proven principles from the past. In the early 21 century, the restructuring process of architectural education is being reawakened through unique education approaches. The studio that constitutes the backbone of design education must also produce the manifesto. Manifesto principles that express the approaches related to the stages and are fictionalised through binary propositions need to provide a paradigm that exceeds a linear process for the studio environment. The proposition for all actors of the design process and learning programmes is based on an independent configuration in which studios focus on learners. Manifestos need to be renewed as long as the epoch is flourishing, while concerns about the internalisation of design knowledge and ways of thinking, skills, and experiences exist. The present manifesto is also a future building block. To rest studio manifestos on a joint manifesto similar to one proposed in this text, because of renewed and diversified practices, it is necessary to maintain an architectural education that does not lose itself and people within the universe of infinite possibilities.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"226 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86012373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perceiving Liveability through the Diverse Aspects of Walkability 通过步行性的不同方面来感知宜居性

Periodica Polytechnica Architecture Pub Date : 2021-05-06 DOI: 10.3311/PPAR.16449

Amir Hossein Sirjani, Á. Szabó

{"title":"Perceiving Liveability through the Diverse Aspects of Walkability","authors":"Amir Hossein Sirjani, Á. Szabó","doi":"10.3311/PPAR.16449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/PPAR.16449","url":null,"abstract":"A city's walkability is a measure of how friendly, safe and attractive a city is for walking within it. Moreover, a well-designed walkable environment can become a place where many social, political, and other important urban activities occur. Following the appearance of motorised vehicles, cars have occupied urban spaces, with many city structures changing according to motor vehicles' requirements rather than pedestrians. Regardless of the many benefits that cars bring to people’s lives, the overuse of cars has had many social, physical, and economic consequences. Based on the reviewed literature, this research analyses the relationship between the built environment and walking, behavioural factors and travel mode choices, walking as a means of socialisation and as a transportation mode. In addition to these factors, four main groups of criteria contributing to increased walking rate are identified: lifestyle, urban design factors, personal and locational factors. Each of these groups has comprehensive sub-categories that can evaluate the walkability of a street or an urban space. This research mainly examines the relationship between the built environment’s physical properties and the walkability of urban space.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82162470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Construction History and Research of the Holy Trinity Parish Church in Szigetmonostor 圣三一教区教堂的建设历史与研究

Periodica Polytechnica Architecture Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.3311/PPAR.16946

Ágnes Gyetvainé Balogh

{"title":"Construction History and Research of the Holy Trinity Parish Church in Szigetmonostor","authors":"Ágnes Gyetvainé Balogh","doi":"10.3311/PPAR.16946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/PPAR.16946","url":null,"abstract":"The church of Szigetmonostor, together with the parish building in front, and the late chanter house next to it, is the characteristic complex of its environment. Its plan with the middle tower façade solution is a classic example of Baroque church architecture of the eighteenth century. The most valuable part of the building is the late Baroque pulpit renovated while keeping its original appearance. Szigetmonostor – earlier Monostor – a municipality in Pest County on the Szentendre Island came into the possession of the Zichy family after the Turkish rule. In the 1730s, Ferenc Zichy put the tenure in pawn to Gábor Horányi, a servant judge in Pest County, who started greater developments here by building a castle (today the parish) and a church in the 1740s. The tower was built in front of the main façade a few years after the completion of the nave. The Vienna Court Chamber acquired the manor from the Zichy family in 1766 after a long lawsuit, also redeeming Monostor from the Horányi family. In 1774, the master masons Mihály János Hamon and Jakab Gföller were commissioned to survey the buildings of the manor, which came into the possession of the Crown from the Zichys. Their survey plans illustrate the church with the small teaching house and church garden next to it. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the church underwent several renewals and renovations and minor alterations that could be tracked with the help of records and Canonica Visitatios.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85183414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tas-de-charge – An Essential Part of Gothic Vault 冲锋衣——哥特式拱顶的重要组成部分

Periodica Polytechnica Architecture Pub Date : 2021-04-21 DOI: 10.3311/PPAR.16889

K. Fehér

{"title":"Tas-de-charge – An Essential Part of Gothic Vault","authors":"K. Fehér","doi":"10.3311/PPAR.16889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/PPAR.16889","url":null,"abstract":"Gothic architecture can be viewed from several perspectives, including stylistic aspects, architectural theory, and structural analysis. As Gothic architecture is a skeletal construction, it is essential to achieve an equilibrium with the multiple loads and forces. Medieval master masons' architectural knowledge was firmly based on empirical learning, which stimulated the dynamic development of structural innovations. This paper emphasises and describes a particular type of vault springer, one of the most complicated and sensitive parts of Gothic construction. Known as tas-de-charge, it became especially characteristic of high Gothic architecture. According to its principle, the springer's lower courses contain the merged vault nerves and are carved from one single stone block in each course. The beds of these courses are not radial as those of the average voussoirs, but horizontal. Without the concept of tas-de-charge, the development of late Gothic vaults could not be imaginable. This particular solution made possible the creation of elegantly narrow imposts supporting the vault ribs, the double arch and the formerets. So far, tas-de-charge has not been a focus of interest in the historiography of Hungarian medieval architecture; however, it appears that it was commonly applied in our late Romanesque and early Gothic monuments.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89614462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Neo-Gothic Church Designs by Antal Hofhauser Antal Hofhauser设计的新哥特式教堂

Periodica Polytechnica Architecture Pub Date : 2021-03-31 DOI: 10.3311/PPAR.16861

N. Németh, Katalin Marótzy

{"title":"Neo-Gothic Church Designs by Antal Hofhauser","authors":"N. Németh, Katalin Marótzy","doi":"10.3311/PPAR.16861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/PPAR.16861","url":null,"abstract":"Antal Hofhauser was a descendant of an old stonemason family in Buda. Sacral architecture played an important role in lifework. There is good reason to suppose that his work and position as a teacher played a very important role, increased his authority and the appearance of his entries was far more beautiful than that of other entries. Teaching certain subjects for long decades enabled him to vary the already existing solutions easily. His authority and his good reputation from previous principals may have helped him on several occasions, that he was able to win assignments from the second rank, or a supervisor position. Based on his studies in Vienna and his interest in urban architecture, he always adapted his churches to the current situation and possibilities. Not too inventively, but fulfilling the principals requirements, he varied and vested the fundamental towered, longitudinal, Latin-cross-shaped, which had one or three naves, a polygon-closed sanctuary and was canonised from the Middle Ages, with well-known elements chosen from medieval styles. This layout, and similar constructions, like fundations can also be observed in the case of Bátaszék and Békéscsaba. Based on the cover he used in general, his style could be called \"Backsteingotik\" (Brick Gothic), however, the forms he used and the building materials he replaces evoke the architecture of French territories instead.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89240271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring Knowledge Workers in the Turkish Construction Sector 探索土耳其建筑业的知识工人

Periodica Polytechnica Architecture Pub Date : 2020-11-27 DOI: 10.3311/ppar.16015

Atacan Akgün, H. Yaman

{"title":"Exploring Knowledge Workers in the Turkish Construction Sector","authors":"Atacan Akgün, H. Yaman","doi":"10.3311/ppar.16015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.16015","url":null,"abstract":"This research focuses on evaluating the potential of architects/engineers as Knowledge Workers (KW) operating in the Turkish construction sector. A survey to identify the presence of KWs was prepared and applied to 113 of 324 employees, including architects and engineers from 138 different large-scale Turkish contractor companies (head offices, design offices, technical offices and construction sites). The survey consists of two main sections that (1) recognise the profile of the participants and companies and (2) six sub-sections as communication, motivation, autonomy, possessing theoretical and practical knowledge, ability to access and use information, and intellectual ability. The results of the survey indicate that architects have a higher potential to be identified as KWs than engineers in the Turkish construction sector. Furthermore, the number of KWs among the design and head office workers is higher, because there are a higher number of architects working in these departments.The potential of being a KW increases in parallel to the level of education of the employees, which is determined from a Bachelor's degree and PhD degree. When examining gender statistics in the survey, women employees have higher scores than men. The findings of this study should guide the construction sector professionals in Turkey as well as those from other countries who seek to identify the KWs in the contractor companies. This research, with the approach and methodology, may provide better management of human resources by identifying and placing these valuable employees correctly.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"1 1","pages":"149-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89681066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interface of the Natural Ventilation Systems with Building Management Systems 自然通风系统与建筑管理系统的接口

Periodica Polytechnica Architecture Pub Date : 2020-11-27 DOI: 10.3311/ppar.15700

I. Karadag, A. B. Çakmakli

{"title":"Interface of the Natural Ventilation Systems with Building Management Systems","authors":"I. Karadag, A. B. Çakmakli","doi":"10.3311/ppar.15700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.15700","url":null,"abstract":"The vertical city is increasingly being seen as the most viable solution for many urban centers. However, being vertical means constructing tall buildings which imply a large amount of energy requirement mostly due to the mechanical ventilation systems. Replacing these systems with natural ventilation is of importance on the way of achieving sustainable buildings and cities. However, there are many challenges in incorporating natural ventilation systems into tall office buildings. Because, having a far distance from the ground levels, tall buildings are exposed to turbulent and unstable wind conditions. Therefore, advanced technical systems to monitor/control a tall building is required even though natural ventilation is mostly considered a passive, low technological approach to condition a building. These systems utilize sensors to measure internal environmental conditions and external conditions of air temperature, humidity, wind velocity, and rain to utilize passive or active modes, based on the data received. To integrate such systems, in most cases, a hybrid approach is required to fill the gap between the natural and mechanical ventilation systems. Since, climate conditions may not be suitable for solely depending on natural ventilation throughout the year, using mechanical ventilation systems as a back-up to natural ventilation is mostly required. Based on this approach, this study presents advanced natural ventilation strategies of a number of buildings integrating Building Management Systems. Throughout the study, it is intended to guide further researches on natural ventilation and consequently to contribute to the environmental quality of urban areas and smart sustainable development of the cities.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"23 1","pages":"178-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77594149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A Reconsideration on the Theory of Beauty: Selected Definitions, Concepts and Views on the Topic (Part I) 对美的理论的再思考:定义、概念和观点的选择(上)

Periodica Polytechnica Architecture Pub Date : 2020-11-27 DOI: 10.3311/ppar.12605

Iulia-Adina Lehene

{"title":"A Reconsideration on the Theory of Beauty: Selected Definitions, Concepts and Views on the Topic (Part I)","authors":"Iulia-Adina Lehene","doi":"10.3311/ppar.12605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.12605","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is the first part of our work that aims to rethink the concept of beauty as close as possible to its essence, in the way it integrates the science of aesthetics with the field of construction. The study may be further used, within other theoretical and practical works, for physically reflecting the definition of beauty in areas such as architecture, civil engineering or urban planning, and to support professionals in designing and building beautiful objects and constructions. It is important to note at this point that the assumption is that there must be a particular original aspect related to beauty that leads a human-made object to success, which needs to be further identified. The approach to the concept of beauty is through a broadly philosophical approach and partly through the areas mentioned above. The initial study aims to frame the niche of the beauty within the field of aesthetics, continuing the guidelines provided in the Architecture School of Cluj-Napoca. It further lists relevant concepts raised through the discussions, the arguments defining beauty, and comprises a brief presentation of the views of beauty from a selection of aestheticians accompanied by short observations about our understanding on beauty, and the conclusions of this preliminary study. We considered it essential to present a selection of concepts and views on beauty so to further apply them to constructions, and later to the presentation of our own reconsidered theory.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"59 1","pages":"209-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88175577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Bio-informed Research in the Discipline of Architecture: A Bibliometric Analysis 建筑学科中的生物信息研究:文献计量学分析

Periodica Polytechnica Architecture Pub Date : 2020-11-27 DOI: 10.3311/ppar.16060

Güneş Mutlu Avinç, Semra Arslan Selçuk

{"title":"Bio-informed Research in the Discipline of Architecture: A Bibliometric Analysis","authors":"Güneş Mutlu Avinç, Semra Arslan Selçuk","doi":"10.3311/ppar.16060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.16060","url":null,"abstract":"Bio-informed research reveals innovative, creative and original ideas for the solution to various problems in architectural design and many design disciplines. In the designs that adopt this approach, \"nature\" can be considered as a \"data warehouse\" providing various data that can be transferred from nanoscale to mesoscale regarding process, function, material, structure. Within the scope of this study, bibliometric research was carried out in the CumInCAD database to reveal what kind of information and outputs have been achieved through the data/capta taken from nature. In this process, the aim is to discover and understand the conceptual relationships, not only the purpose of the data taken from nature but also the relationships between the data and the patterns. All the data obtained were analysed within the scope of the determined parameters and visuals, including data relations, were prepared. As a result of the study, it can be seen that the bio-informed studies examined in this paper have the potential to open up a wide range of new research in the discipline of architecture. The findings show that the biomimetic approach has set the stage for the scientific and interdisciplinary studies that have the potential to change paradigms in architecture.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"73 1","pages":"142-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81530097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Vacant Urban Space: Problems, Possibilities, Processes 空置的城市空间:问题、可能性、过程

Periodica Polytechnica Architecture Pub Date : 2020-11-27 DOI: 10.3311/ppar.15749

Mariann Simon, Amine Mseddi

引用次数: 1