Ideas and Ideals最新文献

{"title":"The Citizen in Search of Community: Peculiarities of the Organization of the Far Eastern Urban Space (the Case of Khabarovsk)","authors":"Leonid Blyakher, A. Kovalevskii","doi":"10.17212/2075-0862-2023-15.1.1-134-147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2023-15.1.1-134-147","url":null,"abstract":"As a rule, the tradition of analysis and description of the Russian city space marginalizes significant parts of this space. Thus, industrial zones, low-rise residential areas, etc. fall outside the concept of ‘city’. The Soviet ‘private sector’ often remains outside the scope of analysis, covering more than half of the city’s territory and a significant part of its population in individual settlements. This discussion in scientific papers has appeared recently, and we want to proceed with it in the space of Far Eastern cities. In this paper, we propose to look at these ‘marginal’ territories and the groups inhabiting them from a fundamentally different perspective, to consider them not as ‘territories of prospective development’, but as already established social space, with its inherent social significances and practices. From the framework of the Khabarovsk city we determine the ratio of ‘normal urban’ (regular urban development) and ‘marginal’ spaces on the basis of two years of observation, three series of in-depth interviews and analysis of statistics, demographic and spatial data, and then combine these two separated parts into a single object - the city, which, as we show in our work, is eminently characterized by both these types of spaces. As the study showed, it is in the ‘invisible’ part of the city that the most stable communities are formed, actively participating in the ‘struggle for the city’, organizing routine resistance to the aspirations of powerful agents to change their space. In areas of regular urban development, on the contrary, communities are increasingly replaced by ‘combinations’, associations regarding the use of common elements of urban infrastructure. At the same time, ‘meeting points’ appear between these parts, uniting the city, giving it a chance to form integrity, or at least coherence. The authors present an analysis of the urban space and urban communities of Khabarovsk in this article.","PeriodicalId":336825,"journal":{"name":"Ideas and Ideals","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125319546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unobvious Evidence. From the Mystery of Authorship to the Clarification of Meaning","authors":"Marina R. Burgete Ayala","doi":"10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.1-215-235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.1-215-235","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to a specific ‘riddle’ - the authorship of the work published in 1587 in Madrid: “New Philosophy of Human Nature. Neither Known to nor Attained by the Great Ancient Philosophers, Which Will Improve Human Life and Health”. The author of the work - Oliva Sabuco - under this name it became known, and has been repeatedly reprinted. The innovative idea of the work consisted in the statement that a person, having understood his nature, will be able to find out the natural reasons why he lives and dies, or is ill and will be able to avoid an early or painful death and live happily until he reaches a natural, pain-free death from old age. Sabuko’s proposed physiological justification of the dependence of human health on feelings, emotions and passions correlates with the methodological direction of modern medicine focused on psychosomatics. In 1903 archival documents were found and made public, according to which the author is not Oliva Sabuco, but her father, Miguel Sabuco. For more than a hundred years the dispute about the authorship of this work has been going on. The semantic and content analysis of the text and its correlation with the reconstructed cultural and temporal reality allows us to solve the question in a new way not only about its creator, but also provides material for generalizations of a philosophical nature. The return to the historical-philosophical and historical-scientific circulation of the ideas and discoveries of many forgotten thinkers will help in debunking some ‘obvious’, familiar truths and facts that have turned into prejudices of scientific and mass consciousness.","PeriodicalId":336825,"journal":{"name":"Ideas and Ideals","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124835177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digitalization of Higher Education: Opportunities and Risks","authors":"E. Semenov, D. Sokolov","doi":"10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.1-137-153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.1-137-153","url":null,"abstract":"The digitalization of higher education is an objectively necessary process caused by the market needs for specialists with digital competencies and state support. Digitalization of higher education opens both new opportunities and creates new risks. Opportunities are associated with greater accessibility and flexibility of education, as well as its integration into the global educational space. The risks are associated with a market orientation to momentary market demands, a decrease in the content and fundamental nature of education, the fragmentation of knowledge and the replacement of full-fledged socialization with simple training of the workforce. Digitalization makes education more accessible, flexible and global. At the same time, education becomes more fragmented, opportunistic, reducing socialization to the formation of a labor force. The digital university, with its focus on individual educational trajectories and distance learning, implies project-thinking and individual work of the student, who builds his own curriculum to a large extent. An urgent task is to find and test a balanced educational model that combines a holistic approach to knowledge acquisition with a modular structure that allows a high degree of student autonomy in choosing courses, directions and specializations. In more concrete terms, this means connecting the hierarchical structure of knowledge acquisition with horizontal specialization - in other words, expanding the opportunities available to students should be accompanied by their integration into a unified concept of higher education. The article proposes the contours of such a model for building a university: expanding the list of courses available to students through distance learning, and not all courses offered may be limited to the current year of study; reconceptualization of the mission of the university; synergetic interaction of various universities for the implementation of joint educational programs. For Russia, where digitalization is proceeding at a fairly high pace, the search for an optimal strategy for the development of digital universities in different regions is a difficult task that requires not only financial injections, but, above all, managerial flexibility at different levels.","PeriodicalId":336825,"journal":{"name":"Ideas and Ideals","volume":"80 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126931640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Reference of Proper Names: Descriptive and Causal Approaches","authors":"Elizaveta Speshilova","doi":"10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.2-416-430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.2-416-430","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the semantics of proper names in the context of analytical philosophy. The author classifies and analyzes the existing approaches to the issue of proper names reference (the descriptive theory of reference and the direct reference theory) and also reveals the points of their mutual intersection. After briefly defining the main theses of descriptive theory, the author proposes to distinguish its strong version from the weak one. According to the strong version, presented primarily by the works of G. Frege and B. Russell, the name, in fact, is a disguised description (or conjunction of descriptions), while, according to the weak version, dating back to the works of J. Searle, a name is associated with a complex disjunction of descriptions. In both the first and second cases, it is the descriptions that specify the denotation of the name; in other words, the name indicates the object only indirectly. However, this approach, at least, does not take into account the possibility of naming an object using a ‘false’ description, that is, a description that specifies the characteristic(s) to which the object does not correspond. The semantics of proper names is interpreted in a fundamentally different way in direct reference theory, according to which names are labels for objects. The reference of the name in this case is determined either with the help of a causal chain of communication (S. Kripke), or with the help of a historical explanation of the relationship between the one who uses the name and the singular object that is designated by that name (K. Donnellan). The name itself is understood as a rigid designator, directly and strictly pointing to the same object in any factual or counterfactual situation. This approach allows us to show how, for example, it is possible to use an incorrect description to refer to a certain subject. The comparative study of these theories made it possible to discover the presence of causal aspects in the descriptive theory of reference and the significance of descriptive characteristics in the direct reference theory, and thereby more accurately describe the semantics of proper names.","PeriodicalId":336825,"journal":{"name":"Ideas and Ideals","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126571621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Moral Environment of Scientific Management","authors":"Leonid Sidorov","doi":"10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.1-171-189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.1-171-189","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the philosophical problem of the formation of the moral environment of scientific management. The absolutization of the technocratic, bureaucratic approach to scientific management is criticized. The author introduces the concepts of ‘moral environment of scientific management’, ‘inspiratory management’. The moral environment of scientific management is studied on the basis of dialectical, synergetic methods. In the historical and philosophical context, ideas about higher values as the spiritual basis of scientific management are considered. Based on the concept of psychoenergetics by A. A. Bogdanov, the SMD methodology of G. P. Shchedrovitsky, the ideas of existential management by I. Nonaka, enlightened management by A. Maslow, the necessity of purposeful formation of the moral environment of scientific management in the process of communication in the system ‘man - society – organization’ is substantiated. The author notes that inspirational management as inspiration by higher meanings in the process of communication forms the moral environment of scientific management. The moral environment of scientific management is a metasystem that creates the conditions for the progressive development of society on the basis of the moral improvement of man, the development of his capabilities. The moral environment of scientific management orients a scientist towards the pursuit of truth, the labor meaning of life, professional development, civic activity, moral meanings. The author states that it is necessary to form a team of like-minded people, the collective subject of scientific management can be characterized as a learning organization. The development of applied technologies imbued with the pathos of moral feeling is carried out. The moral environment of scientific management contributes to the popularization of scientific knowledge. The author comes to the conclusion that the basis of the moral environment of scientific management is a social idealized project, which includes rational and irrational elements of philosophy, science, religion, art, ideology. The modern social idealized project is based on the meritocratic project of the knowledge society, the moral ideal of a person - a professional and a citizen. The moral environment of scientific management, which includes symbolic media communications of knowledge, such as truth, the common good, knowledge, creates the basis for successful scientific management. In the absence of a unified moral environment for scientific management, the world community turns into an object of management by illegitimate structures of the global society. The moral environment of scientific management ensures the security of modern society.","PeriodicalId":336825,"journal":{"name":"Ideas and Ideals","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117130448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical and Methodological Aspects and Applied Features of Strategic Planning of Regional Tourism Development","authors":"A. Kovalev, Elena Tyunyukova, N. Shchetinina","doi":"10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.2-337-350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.2-337-350","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents some aspects of the implementation of regional policy in order to enhance the development of regions through the formation of strategies as tools for strategic management of the region. Special emphasis is placed on the specifics of strategic planning of tourism development in a regional context, which is based on a strategic analysis of the current socio-economic situation of the region using social and economic evaluation criteria. The groups are identified and the characteristics of the economic development indicators of the regions are given, the specific characteristics inherent in regional tourism in the context of its strategic planning process are determined. All of the above processes create a new configuration of the spatial development of the country, through the formation of zones of advanced economic growth, including using the sectoral specialization of the regions. At the same time, the competitive advantage of the regions of the South of Russia is determined by the tourist vector of their development as the most promising. The article describes the cycle of strategic planning of regional tourism development, which includes a number of stages: determining the goals of tourism development in the region; analysis of the external and internal environment of the development of the region; development of a concept and development strategy; development of an industry development plan; analysis of efficiency and effectiveness, adjustment of goals and methods to achieve them. The approaches to strategic planning of the development of socio-economic objects from foreign practice are presented, based on a system of indicators that allow an objective assessment of the development of its potential, which are understood as a set of characteristics formalizing the description of the main parameters that provide the choice of the optimal variant of the system functioning at different stages of the strategy implementation. In addition, the normative legal acts of various levels regulating modern socio-economic relations in the tourism sector of the regions are given; macro and micro tools for the development of regional tourism on the example of the Republic of Crimea are defined.","PeriodicalId":336825,"journal":{"name":"Ideas and Ideals","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116264980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Narcissism: Variations on a Theme (To the Results of the Discussion)","authors":"P. Orekhovsky, V. Razumov","doi":"10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.2-401-415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.2-401-415","url":null,"abstract":"The article is an attempt to generalize the results of the discussion that was held on the pages of this journal after the publication of the article [9] on its pages. In total, 11 authors participated in the discussion, published in the journal “Ideas and Ideals”. Summing up the discussion, we note that narcissism is interesting as a topic of interdisciplinary research and discussions. The available materials allow us to conclude that either the phenomenon of narcissism itself or its reflection by specialists are at the initial stage of formation. The published articles allow us to conclude that different groups of authors interpret both culture itself and the modern phenomenon of narcissism in different ways. The understanding of culture as a set of practices used by P.A. Orekhovsky and V.I. Razumov, is shared by N.I. Martishina, V.A. Skorev, Yu.Yu. Pershin, G.A. Illarionov, V.I. Kudashov. The approach to culture as a metasystem is typical for the works of A.G. Teslinova and L.Yu. Logunova. A variant of culture as a feature of cognition was proposed by O.V. Khlebnikova (“conceptual” and “clip” thinking), a variant of distinguishing socialist and capitalist (“necrophilic”) culture is used by S.M. Zhuravleva. Thus, narcissism is considered in very different contexts, which makes it difficult to understand it and makes, in fact, impossible to develop a conventional attitude towards practices implemented in politics, science, and education. It is appropriate to refer to the following discussions of the theory and practice of narcissism with the topic of the relationship of narcissism with religiosity. From a prognostic perspective, it is interesting to look at the prospects for links between narcissism and the future of postmodernism and the mass consumer society. According to P.A. Orekhovsky and V.I. Razumov, if we consider the discussion that took place as an experiment in the indication of scientific rhetoric, then its results convincingly testify both to the fruitfulness of the concept of narcissism and to the legitimacy of concern for the preservation of the universe of previous practices and conventions. The lack of clarity in the understanding of narcissism indicates that this phenomenon is just beginning to attract the attention of specialists.","PeriodicalId":336825,"journal":{"name":"Ideas and Ideals","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123455952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Independent Financial Advice to Private Investors: Analysis of Russian and Foreign Experience","authors":"K. Dekanova","doi":"10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.2-300-314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.2-300-314","url":null,"abstract":"Attracting household finances to the country’s economy and competent management of personal finances are among the tasks of the state. The issues of rational financial planning and minimizing the risks of loss of personal wealth are acute for private investors. Independent Wealth Management Advisory is an intermediary activity between financial institutions and households. Independent advice to private investors is one of the tools in solving the problems of the state and investors’ issues. As a result of the analysis of the activities of an investment adviser in Russia and abroad, using the example of the United States and Great Britain, it was revealed that experience is adopted from other countries, but in Russia it is not fully implemented. In Russia, the main part of independent advisers is in the ‘gray zone’, their activities are not regulated at the level of law and self-regulatory organizations in the financial sector. Therefore, the author’s approach is to propose to separate the activities of investment advisers, which are enshrined in law and independent financial advisers, who currently operate without any regulation. The regulatory and training function for independent financial advisers should be entrusted to SROs. Firstly, separating the activities of independent financial advisors allows them to provide educational services to a wide range of people and the provision of consulting services in private without providing investment recommendations, but with the definition of the risk profile of the investor. Introduce licensing for various types of activities. Secondly, it is key to determine the principles for charging the services of independent financial advisors. The proposed steps will make the provision of independent household financial advisory services transparent and understandable to regulators, investors and those who operate or plan to choose as a future profession. This will serve to attract private capital to the financial market, reduce the risk of loss of wealth, move the existing advisers out of the ‘gray zone’, and make personal finance advisers an integral part of the financial market infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":336825,"journal":{"name":"Ideas and Ideals","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123466483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Zen Philosophy: Rinzai and Soto","authors":"O. Novikova, I. Rodicheva","doi":"10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.1-83-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.1-83-97","url":null,"abstract":"The practical methods of studying Zen, known as ‘pure zazen’ and the ‘koan method’ of the Buddhist schools of Rinzai and Soto are subjected to comparative analysis. This study focuses on the comprehension of Zen philosophy, and also analyzes the basic attitudes regarding the difference from the old Buddhist schools in Japan: practical activity, self-improvememt and indifference to death come first, as well as new aesthetic norms and ideals. Simplicity, the absence of any authority, the absence of rituals and anti-intellectualism corresponded to the spirit of the era when the once unshakable moral values were collapsing. Comparing the two Buddhist schools, the authors of the article note that the distinguishing feature of Soto, founded in Japan by Dogen, is absolute immersion in the meditative practice of ‘Silent illumination of Zen’ (黙想 mokuso), which outlines the path to enlightenment through sitting meditation. At the same time the emphasis is placed on the fact that this is a complex and not fast process of passing through certain stages in comprehending the teaching. Rinzai Zen in Japan is most associated with learning through koan work, and the origin of this practice dates back to master Linji from the time of the Song dynasty, namely Daie Soko, who collected and arranged all the major koans in a specific order for ease of use. But the very practice of comprehending the teaching is distinguished by its rather harsh and cruel methods, since the teachers considered it necessary to tear the student out of everyday life and the fastest way is to hit or to shout at a person. It was this philosophical practice of Rinzai Zen that was spread in Japan by Eisai. As a result of the study, the authors came to the conclusion that the masters of the Rinzai school proclaim the importance of ‘sudden enlightenment’, and the masters of the Soto school teach to follow the path of ‘progressive enlightenment’, and thus Soto and Rinzai become Zen schools that use opposite methods to achieve insight.","PeriodicalId":336825,"journal":{"name":"Ideas and Ideals","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122910147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropological and Axiological Effects of the Spread of Screen Technologies in Culture","authors":"S. Grigoryev","doi":"10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.2-453-469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.2-453-469","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of the research is the analysis of personality and its value attitudes in modern screen culture, the description of the process and conditions of the formation of the anthropological type of “screen man” personality is considered from the standpoint of the existential approach in philosophy, as well as from the standpoint of humanistic psychology. In the study of personality, the author refers to the concept of A. Maslow, which allows us to understand the deep basic needs of the existence of personality in modern screen culture. A hermeneutical analysis of philosophical and anthropological views of A. Maslow and V. Frankl on the phenomenon of personality is undertaken. The author gives a critical assessment of the understanding of personality and its capabilities in modern screen culture. The practical application of philosophical and anthropological ideas of representatives of existentialism to the understanding of personality in modern screen culture is also shown. The research is based on historical-comparative, hermeneutical and dialectical methods.","PeriodicalId":336825,"journal":{"name":"Ideas and Ideals","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127483036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}