{"title":"Diasporic Identity in Bharati Gautam’s Memoirs","authors":"R. Timalsina","doi":"10.3126/jki.v8i1.52933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jki.v8i1.52933","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to explore how Bharati Gautam’s collection of memoirs Vigata ra Baduli [Past and Hiccups] exhibits the formation of a diasporic self. The text connects the Nepali American writer with both of her homeland (Nepal) and hostland (the USA). Dean Smyer Yu’s theorization of diasporic selfhood and identity guides the analysis. Yu argues that the people who consciously choose to make their new home in the diaspora work for their self-making and place making that ultimately manifests their transnational and trans local mode of being. Their identity develops as a hybrid one because of the admixture of the culture, emotion, thought pattern and practicality from both the lands. Gautam’s memoirs present the same tendency of her growth in the America for about four decades. Her identity is constantly in the making and so she goes on modifying her life and thoughts to adapt in the new land. She gradually develops a diasporic consciousness that helps her accept the differences between the homeland and hostland life as a transnational individual. Finally, her family evolves a cosmopolitan consciousness. This article will contribute to the study of the making of the diasporic self the Nepali people have been undergoing for long.","PeriodicalId":336726,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Knowledge and Innovation","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133393285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"धुन्धकारीको अवसान कथामा लैङ्गिकता {Gender in the story of Dhundhakari's demise}","authors":"अनिल Anil अधिकारी Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/jki.v8i1.52944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jki.v8i1.52944","url":null,"abstract":"प्रस्तुत अध्ययनमा कथाकार इस्मालीद्वारा लिखित धुन्धकारीको अवसान कथाको लैङ्गिक अध्ययन गरिएको छ । कथाको विश्लेषणका लागि पितृसत्ता, लैङ्गिक प्रतिनिधित्व, लैङ्गिक सम्बन्ध, लैङ्गिक विभेद, नारीवादी दृष्टिकोण र लैङ्गिक प्रतिरोधजस्ता प्रतिमानलाई आधार बनाइएको छ । यस अध्ययनको पूर्णताका लागि साँस्कृतिक अध्ययन अन्तर्गतको लैङ्गिकतालाई सैद्धान्तिक अवधारणाका रूपमा उपयोग गरिएको छ । मूल समस्या र शोध्यप्रश्नको समाधानका लागि पाठविश्लेषणकेन्द्री गुणात्मक अनुसन्धान पद्धति तथा विश्लेषणात्मक विधिको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुत अध्ययनमा समाजमा आतङ्क फैलाई समाजलाई क्रीडास्थल बनाएका उच्चवर्गले निम्नवर्गमाथि वर्गीय, जातीय र लैङ्गिक रूपमा गर्ने शोषण र विभेदका घटना, वर्गीय र लैङ्गिक रूपमा भएको प्रतिकारले परास्त भएको उच्चवर्गको मानसिकता र व्यवहार प्रस्तुत भएको छ । सामन्तवादी समाज व्यवस्थामा आर्थिक हैसयतकै कारण नारीले सामन्तको वासनापूर्तिको साधन बन्नुपर्ने, नारीलाई बलात्कार गर्ने, कुट्ने, पिट्ने, मरणासन्न तुल्याउने जस्ता गतिविधिका विरूद्धमा सशक्त नारी प्रतिकार भएको यस कथामा समाजमा विद्यमान लैङ्गिक शोषण, विभेद, नारीवादी दृष्टिकोण र लैङ्गिक प्रतिरोधको स्थिति प्रभावकारी रूपमा संयोजन भएको छ । नारीलाई भोग्याका रूपमा हर्ने पितृसत्तात्मक सामन्तवादी दृष्टिकोणका कारण विभेदमा परेकी माइली घर्तिनी र उसका छोरीलाई लैङ्गिक हिंसाका दृष्टिकोणबाट हेर्ने स्थिति होस् अथवा सामाजिक शोषणका विरूद्ध आवाज उठाउने गुलाम रायकी छोरीमाथि भएको बलात्कार तथा नारी समुदायमाथि भएको विभेदका विरूद्धमा एकल प्रतिरोध गर्ने बुलकियामाथि भएको भौतिक आक्रमणको घटनाको प्रस्तुतिले पितृसत्तात्मक समाजले नारीप्रति हर्ने दृष्टिकोण र त्यसका विरूद्ध सशक्त प्रतिकार भएको कथाका स्थानमा उभ्याएको छ । कथामा पितृसत्ताका कारण वञ्चितीकरणमा परेका नारी समुदायको प्रतिकारको सहयोगी बनेर आएको पुरूषसमूहको सामूहिक प्रतिकारको अन्तर्यमा पितृसत्ता प्रदत्त लैङ्गिक विभेदको अन्त्य भई समतामूलक समाज निर्माण हुन लागेको सङ्क्रमणकालीन अवस्थालाई प्रस्तुत गरेको निष्कर्षमा निकालिएको छ ।","PeriodicalId":336726,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Knowledge and Innovation","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130748189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Customer Satisfaction on Loyalty: A Moderating Role of Corporate Communication in the Banking Sector","authors":"U. Mishra","doi":"10.3126/jki.v8i1.52934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jki.v8i1.52934","url":null,"abstract":"In the 21st global competitive arena, the ultimate objective of any institution is to transform satisfied customers into loyal customers. Customer loyalty is highly affected by the satisfaction they obtain out of any service. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the relationship between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. This study aims to examine the effect of customer satisfaction on customer loyalty with the mediating role of corporate communication. To collect data for the study, a convenience sampling method was used and 275 customers from different banks in Biratnagar participated in the survey. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the proposed hypothesis. The results depict that customer satisfaction positively and significantly associates with customer loyalty and this association is also strongly mediated by corporate communication. Moreover, corporate communication has a direct and positive influence on customer loyalty. This study has theoretical implications as it provides a better understanding of the relationship between satisfaction and loyalty.","PeriodicalId":336726,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Knowledge and Innovation","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133200962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"गुरुप्रसाद मैनालीको 'कर्तव्य' कथाको परिस्थितिगत सन्दर्भ {Situational context of Guru Prasad Mainali's story of 'duty'}","authors":"सीता अधिकारी Sita Adhikari थापा Thapa","doi":"10.3126/jki.v8i1.52945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jki.v8i1.52945","url":null,"abstract":"प्रस्तुत लेखमा आधुनिक नेपाली कथाकार गुरुप्रसाद मैनालीद्वारा रचित कर्तव्य कथाको परिस्थितिगत सन्दर्भ विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । यसका निम्ति सङ्कथन अन्तर्गतको सन्दर्भपरक विश्लेषणलाई सैद्धान्तिक आधारका रूपमा लिइएको छ । भाषिक अभिव्यक्ति अन्तर्गत वाक्यभन्दा माथिको एकाइ सङ्कथन हो भने सङ्कथन पाठभित्र अन्तनिर्हित सहभागी, भौतिक तथा संज्ञानात्मक सूचना प्रदान गर्ने विभिन्न परिस्थितिलाई सन्दर्भ भनिन्छ । सङ्कथन पाठमा प्रयुक्त भाषिक स्वरूप तथा त्यसको विशेष परिस्थितिक सन्दर्भको माध्यमबाट संज्ञान अर्थको खोजी गरिने प्रक्रिया सन्दर्भपरक सङ्कथन विश्लेषण हो । सङ्कथन पाठमा घटना, चरित्र र परिवेशले पनि सन्दर्भलाई सङ्केत एवम् विस्तार गरेको हुन्छ भने भाषाले सन्दर्भको निर्माण गर्ने तथा सन्दर्भले अर्थको प्रकटीकरण गर्ने भएकाले सङ्कथन पाठलाई संरचनापरक र सन्दर्भपरक कोणबाट अध्ययन विश्लेषण गरिन्छ । परिस्थितिगत सन्दर्भ विश्लेषण भाषाइतर पक्ष भएकाले सङ्कथनमा भाषिक प्रकार्य वा अभिव्यक्तिले दिने अर्थ र परिवेशमा समायोजित सन्दर्भलाई हेरिन्छ । सङ्कथनमा प्रयुक्त भाषाले सन्दर्भलाई प्रस्तुत गर्दछ भने सन्दर्भमा पाठको अर्थ समावेश रहने हँदा कर्तव्य कथामा रहेको सन्दर्भ तथा उक्त सन्दर्भले निर्धारण गरेको परिस्थितिगत अर्थहरूको खोजी सन्दर्भपरक अध्ययनका आधारमा गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुत लेखमा विवेच्य सङ्कथनमा कथाकार (समाख्याता) ले लेख्य अभिव्यक्तिका माध्यमबाट पाठनिष्ठ अर्थ निर्धारणका लागि वैयक्तिक, भौतिक र संज्ञानात्मक सन्दर्भको प्रयोगबाट सूचना संप्रेषण गरेका छन् । सामाजिक यथार्थवादी प्रवृतिको कर्तव्य कथामा सामाजिक विषयवस्तु, घटना, चरित्र र परिवेशका साथै भाषाको प्रयोगबाट विभिन्न सामाजिक–सांस्कृतिक सन्दर्भको निर्देश गरिएको हुनाले कथाको पारिस्थितिक सन्दर्भमा अर्थपूर्ण बनेको छ । व्यक्तिगत, पारिवारिक, सामाजिक–सांस्कृतिक यिनै विभिन्न परिवेशगत सन्दर्भहरूको प्रयोग भएको कर्तव्य कथालाई सङ्कथन विश्लेषणको परिस्थितिगत सन्दर्भका सैद्धान्तिक अवधारणामा आधारित भएर पाठपरक अध्ययन गरिएको छ । यसमा कृतिको सूक्ष्म पठनपद्धतिको प्रयोग गर्दै गुणात्मक ढाँचाको व्याख्या विश्लेषणात्मक विधिद्वारा शोध्य प्रश्नका प्राज्ञिक समाधान खोज्नु यस लेखको उद्देश्य रहेको छ ।","PeriodicalId":336726,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Knowledge and Innovation","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121771905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"आमाको सपना कवितामा व्याकरणिक संसक्ति {Grammatical Syntax in 'Mother's Dream' Poem}","authors":"निर्मला Nirmala ढकाल Dhakal","doi":"10.3126/jki.v8i1.52943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jki.v8i1.52943","url":null,"abstract":"प्रस्तुत अध्ययनमा कवि गोपालप्रसाद रिमालद्वारा लिखित ‘आमाको सपना’ कविताको संसक्ति व्यवस्थाको अध्ययन गरिएको छ । यस अध्ययनको पूर्णताका लागि सङ्कथन अध्ययनभित्र संसक्ति व्यवस्थालाई सैद्धान्तिक पर्याधारका रूपमा प्रयोग गरिएको छ । मूल समस्या र शोध्यप्रश्नको समाधान गर्नका लागि गुणात्मक अनुसन्धान र पाठ विश्लेषण विधिको प्रयोग गरिएको प्रस्तुत अध्ययनमा सामन्तवादी राणाशासनको ज्यादतीका विरुद्ध आम जनमानसमा विकसित बन्दै गएको क्रान्तिकारी सोच र अभिवृत्तिलाई प्रस्तुत गर्ने क्रममा आएका विभिन्न सन्दर्भको संयोजनबाट कसरी सुसम्बद्ध पाठको निर्माण भएको छ भन्ने पक्षको विवेचना गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुत कवितामा नेपाली सामाजिक/राजनीतिक परिवेशभित्र आम नेपाली मानसिकतामा स्थापित बन्दै गएको क्रान्तिचेत तथा परिवर्तनप्रतिको आकर्षण र क्रान्तिप्रतिको समर्पणलाई सङ्केत गरेको मूल सन्दर्भसँग सम्बन्धित विभिन्न सहायक सन्दर्भको सृजना गरी संसक्ति सम्बद्धता सृजना भएको छ । लेखकीय अभिवृत्ति र पाठगत सूचना व्यवस्थाको निरन्तरताका रूपमा आएका संसक्तिले पाठमा अवशिष्ट परिवेश, सन्दर्भहरूको अन्वयबाट पाठगत अर्थ कसरी निर्माण भएको छ भन्ने भाषापरक अध्ययन गर्दछ । प्रस्तुत कवितामा प्रयोग भएका व्याकरणिक संसक्तिले पाठका सन्दर्भ शृङ्खलालाई एकान्वित तुल्याई संरचनागत सुसम्बद्धता सृजना गरी सुसम्बद्ध र सङ्गठित पाठको निर्माण गरी संसक्ति शृङ्खलाले सङ्गठित र सुसम्बद्ध पाठका रूपमा कवितालाई उभ्याएको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।","PeriodicalId":336726,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Knowledge and Innovation","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116297976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corporate Social Responsibility Practices in Selected Nepalese Companies","authors":"R. Shrestha, B. Rai","doi":"10.3126/jki.v8i1.52932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jki.v8i1.52932","url":null,"abstract":"Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a business system through which the production and distribution of wealth are allocated for the betterment of its stakeholders. It includes the economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic domains. It impacts society environmentally, socially, and economically. The paper aims to assess the practices of CSR in selected Nepalese companies and identify the disclosure of CSR activities. Nepal Telecom [NT], Ncell, Chaudhary Group [CG], and Standard Chartered Bank [SCB] are selected companies in this study. Data were collected through relevant documentary scrutiny and evidence such as annual reports and websites and review of previous research studies. The study is based on the qualitative method. Data analysis was used on a thematic basis. Convenience sampling was used. On the one hand, both NT and Ncell make their contribution on their communicating service; on the other hand, all of the sample companies focus their spending on education, health, environmental protection, natural calamities, and sports. Ncell has made a substantial contribution to protecting COVID-19. CG’s various CSR programs are not just for accomplishing the regulatory requirement, it aims to be part of the overall development and bring sustainable social reform. CG has livelihood as well as heritage and spiritual development programs which also should remain under CSR practices for the economic development of the country. The companies have disclosed relatively more philanthropic and ethical information and the least economic information. In this study, the economic domain of CSR is dominant. The economic domain of CSR includes the production of goods and services to earn profits. This is followed by a legal, philanthropic and ethical domain. This study helps the policymaker, business organizations, researchers, and learners to improve knowledge and ideas about CSR.","PeriodicalId":336726,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Knowledge and Innovation","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129714799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}