SRPN: Developing World (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Fiscal Imbalances and Indebtedness across Indian States: Recent Trends","authors":"T. Sen, S. Dash","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2892240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2892240","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the extent to which the states have been successful in achieving the targets set by the FRBM Act (2003) in the last decade, and the route through which the necessary fiscal adjustments were undertaken. We find though there has been a clear reduction in all the deficit indicators, Special category states have done better adjustments, particularly in reduction of revenue deficit. However, this is not the case when it comes to debt reduction. It is also found that the low-income states have undertaken a greater extent of fiscal adjustment than both high- and middle-income states. Our analysis on the decomposition of revenue account adjustments coupled with the analysis of interest payments shows that there was no serious contraction of developmental expenditure in low income states except in Orissa to a small extent. This leads to the conclusion that the negative fallout of the fiscal adjustment process has been minimal.","PeriodicalId":336186,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Developing World (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131115348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon Markets in Dynamic Perspective: The Optimal Duration Problem","authors":"Jorge Fernández, Sebastián Miller","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2234311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2234311","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of carbon markets in the reduction of emissions at minimal cost requires several conditions. In a dynamic context the inter-temporal dimension adds new conditions for the desirable performance of the market, and some tradeoffs. One tradeoff is related to the duration of permits. A long permit allows the private agent to optimize using a longer time horizon, but increases the risk associated with the initial allocation of the permits, for example the risk of generating market power. A short permit generates problems with the private agent's planning horizon but allows the planner to correct initial misallocations, in particular in new markets or those that face important uncertainty. These issues are important in the implementation of these systems, especially in developing countries such as the Latin American ones studied in this paper.","PeriodicalId":336186,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Developing World (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115989100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban Poverty in Bangladesh: Causes, Consequences and Coping Strategies","authors":"N. Banks","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2166863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2166863","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Bustees are places where physical, social, economic and political vulnerabilities collide, creating a multi-layered blanket of vulnerability for their residents. Although income is central to day-to-day survival in an urban environment in which cash income is needed to meet a household’s basic needs, work options are limited to low-paid and irregular work, primarily dependent on physical labour. This forces households to rely upon loans and labour mobilisation strategies to get by. Unsanitary, poorly serviced, and densely populated environments – frequently situated in environmentally hazardous areas – mean ill health is both endemic and chronic, playing a routine and devastating role in the lives of the urban poor. The repercussions of resource scarcity at the household level are compounded by the social and political exclusion of the poor from urban governance structures and processes. Amidst a lack of formal institutional support, and in the absence of formal rights and entitlements, the process of facilitating and maintaining patron–client relationships is a central coping strategy for the urban poor. It is a means of trying to manage uncertainty and improve their access to resources. For the majority, however, these strategies are limited to helping households to cope, rather than advancing their interests. Informal systems of governance at the bustee level reproduce and exacerbate existing inequalities, with access to power, information, resources, employment and other lucrative income-generating opportunities limited to a close circle of wellconnected bustee households.","PeriodicalId":336186,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Developing World (Topic)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115218321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey of Aquatic and Fisheries Information System in the Region of Cochin, Kerala","authors":"M. Jayapradeep, R. Raman Nair","doi":"10.17821/SRELS/2012/V49I5/43840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17821/SRELS/2012/V49I5/43840","url":null,"abstract":"The present study evaluates the information capacity of the aquatic and fisheries institutions in the region of Cochin, Kerala. Cochin is in an advantageous position for the development of the sector. Institutions, small and large numbering 29 within the geographical proximity of 6 km radius in Cochin is an added factor for information resource sharing and cooperative information services and ventures for the benefit of stakeholders in India and Cochin region in particular. The present study gives an overview of the institutions in the region regarding their activities, information resources, services, infrastructure and dissemination mechanisms. Characterization of these institutions has been tried by considering the presence or absence of parameters of information system viz Information Resources, Information Services, Information Dissemination, Information Infrastructure and Information Domains together which it is termed “Information Capacity” in this study. As the result of the study, the top ranking institution that can play the central role in the regional information network activities in the field of aquatic and fisheries sector has been identified.","PeriodicalId":336186,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Developing World (Topic)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121893020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Non-Financial Private Corporate Sector of India in the Post Reform Era","authors":"Suryakrishna Mantrala, R. Prusty, Jayesh J. Tanna","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2330685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2330685","url":null,"abstract":"India embarked on its new tryst with destiny with a massive reforms initiative twenty years ago largely dismantling the restrictive industrial environment. Bringing almost an end to the license raj, nearly finishing up MRTP restrictions and reservations the government of India aimed at empowering the country’s private sector with a view to making India a star growth economy along with Brazil, Russia and China. Reforms delivered in terms of overall growth. With a modest growth of 5.5 per cent during 1980-2002, the Indian economy in the last almost one decade has graduated to the 8th fastest growing economy in the world with China leading the race. How much of the credit of such growth can be assigned to the private sector of the country? Has this been largely because of an enhancement in the ability of the private sector in terms of an increase in its financial performance? The present study makes a careful attempt towards answering such questions. Using the time series data on the standard performance indicators and ratios reflecting the extent of performance of this sector from the on-line source of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) the present paper tries to study the following: the growth trend of the non-financial private corporate sector of India; extent of influence of number of companies on the sales growth in the sector; and the magnitude of impact of growth in sales on other leading performance parameters of the sector.","PeriodicalId":336186,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Developing World (Topic)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114841770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Impact of Globalization and Capital Market Returns on the Ghana Stock Exchange","authors":"Dr. Samuel Amoako","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2278245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2278245","url":null,"abstract":"After independence in 1957, Ghana’s economy was characterized by a massive involvement of the state in almost every sector of the economy, which resulted in the public sector completely dominating production activities and formal employment. By the early 1980s, the economy had witnessed a long period of economic decline that manifested itself in low or negative GDP (Gross Domestic Product) growth, falling export revenue, and deteriorating infrastructure. Additionally, most of the state enterprises were faced with poor financial performance and low productivity culminating in increasing the burden of subsidy costs for government.The challenge faced by Ghana, like other sub-Saharan African countries, prompted the search for renewed economic strategy that would ensure economic growth necessary to reverse the rising unemployment rates. There were also efforts by successive governments to enforce efficiency and productivity in the state enterprises, as well as the wider financial and capital markets. With these objectives in view, the Government of Ghana launched an Economic Recovery Program (ERP) in 1983 aimed at reversing a protracted period of serious economic decline characterized by lax financial management, inflation rates well over 100 percent, and extensive government involvement in the economy. The policies included fiscal and monetary restraint, exchange rate adjustment/devaluation, trade liberalization, divestiture of state-owned enterprises, and private sector promotion. With the implementation of the economic recovery program, Ghana’s economy was poised to embrace globalization with the increased interaction with other economies, which opened the economy to greater and freer external trade and capital inflows. As part of the globalization efforts, the Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE) was incorporated in July 1989, and was subsequently recognized as an authorized stock exchange in October 1990 under the Stock Exchange Act of 1971 (Act 384). One of the main objectives of the Ghana Stock Exchange is to provide the facilities and framework to the public for the purchase and sales of bonds, stocks, shares, and other securities. Since the inception of the Exchange, some significant developments have taken place that has resulted in huge steps towards the liberalization or globalization of the stock market in Ghana. Key among them is the decision by the government to off load its shares in certain strategic state enterprises and banks, including Ashanti Goldfields Ltd. and Ghana Commercial Bank, through the Exchange. Additionally, the Exchange in 1993 opened the market to both non-resident Ghanaians and foreigners, enabling them to invest directly without prior approval. These actions, among others, were recognized by many as an opportunity to attract top rated foreign institutional buyers, which would add a big boost to the development of the stock market in Ghana.With increased efforts still being made by the Ghana Stock Exchange to further open the","PeriodicalId":336186,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Developing World (Topic)","volume":"121 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128489274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence for Change: The Case of Subsidios al Campo in Mexico","authors":"Guillermo M. Cejudo","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2333675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2333675","url":null,"abstract":"The Subsidios al Campo campaign used Mexico’s freedom of information laws to obtain official data on the recipients of agricultural subsidies, and then published the data online. Its analysis brought a large amount of new information into the public domain, and managed to shift the debate about agricultural subsidies from a focus on their overall size to a discussion of how equitably they were being distributed, challenging a powerful agricultural industry in the process. The Mexican Ministry of Agriculture reacted by reforming the system to ensure that subsidies were flowing only to those that needed them.","PeriodicalId":336186,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Developing World (Topic)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117153017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerating and Sustaining Growth: Economic and Political Lessons","authors":"A. Virmani","doi":"10.5089/9781475505337.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5089/9781475505337.001","url":null,"abstract":"The paper reviews and draws lessons from the experience of fast growing economies including a sub-set of these termed High Growth Economies (HGEs) with a decadal rate of over 7 per cent. It then reviews the history of the Indian growth acceleration following the reforms of the 1990s and its future prospects given the recent slowdown. It analysis the potential dangers and reasons for India’s growth slowdown and proposes policy reforms for sustaining fast growth.","PeriodicalId":336186,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Developing World (Topic)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116857924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Nation in Search of Jobs: Six Possible Policy Suggestions for Employment Creation in South Africa","authors":"H. Bhorat","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2184265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2184265","url":null,"abstract":"I provide six possible employment creating policy options within the arena of principally, but not exclusively, active labour market policy. The notion is that interventions in these areas should provide for short-term and possibly long-term employment creation avenues and options for the currently unemployed. In some cases, interventions are provided that could plausibly also stem the severe loss of jobs the economy experienced since the recession. Acknowledgements: The research, from which this paper emanates, was commissioned and funded by the National Research Foundation (NRF) and the National Planning Commission (NPC).","PeriodicalId":336186,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Developing World (Topic)","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121621122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Conceptual Framework of Service Quality in Management Education Institution","authors":"Dr. B. S. Rahpurohit, Gopal Singh Latwal","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2576155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2576155","url":null,"abstract":"Higher education plays pivotal role in society formation, national growth and overall economic development. India is world’s third largest higher education provider. Despite only few Indian institutions have earned global distinction. It is now exposed to serious threat of cut throat competition in terms of quality and fulfilling the demands. Quality itself a slippery concept, and service quality increases the complexities as service itself is abstract. The fate of any institutions depends how customers evaluate service quality. This paper attempts to understand service quality in the context of higher education. A through literature reviews and research papers have been studies to have greater understanding of the service quality. It highlights service quality dimension using the SERVQUAL model and how the institute should address these issues to gain competitive advantage. Moreover, this paper creates the theoretical foundation for the further empirical research in the area of service quality in higher education.","PeriodicalId":336186,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Developing World (Topic)","volume":"8 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129914060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}