{"title":"Modelling Problem-solving for an Educational System","authors":"P. Tchounikine","doi":"10.1080/14626269709408378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14626269709408378","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract When constructing a system that presents students with problem-solving, the essential problem to be considered is the definition of the system's conceptual model of the problem-solving expertise. We study two possible approaches of the definition of this model: refining generic problem-solving models and modelling by data-abstraction from an observed expertise. We emphasise that these two approaches have opposite advantages. The former facilitates the definition of rational systematic problem-solving models, the latter facilitates the respect of the problem-solving pedagogic specificities of a particular domain. In order to help in the refinement of the model constructed by either method we claim that a paper-based model is not sufficient and advocate the use of prototyping as a means to support modelling. To allow this prototyping we need a high-level language that (1) allows a quick operationalisation of the model while not enforcing predefined conceptual primitives, and (2) allows a control of...","PeriodicalId":334979,"journal":{"name":"Intell. Tutoring Media","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115496569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cognitive modelling","authors":"Keith Cameron","doi":"10.1080/14626269209408318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14626269209408318","url":null,"abstract":"The University Repository is a digital collection of the research output of the University, available on Open Access. Copyright and Moral Rights for the items on this site are retained by the individual author and/or other copyright owners. Users may access full items free of charge; copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided:","PeriodicalId":334979,"journal":{"name":"Intell. Tutoring Media","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125030149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Rather Intelligent Little Lisper","authors":"S. Cerri, M. Elsom-Cook","doi":"10.1080/14626269009409083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14626269009409083","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper describes TRILL, a tutoring system which teaches about the basic Lisp datatypes. While the original design of TRILL was addressing a significant subset of Lisp, the first implementation reduced the set of concepts to its basic datastructures. The paper consists of an outline of the TRILL system as it was first designed, its first implementation, and a summary of work currently in progress, both at the Open University and at DID A ∗EL, to extend some of the ideas used in the first version of the TRILL system.","PeriodicalId":334979,"journal":{"name":"Intell. Tutoring Media","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123860582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Russell, R. Burton, Daniel S. Jordan, Anne-Marie S. Jensen, R. Rogers, Jonathan Cohen
{"title":"Creating instruction with IDE: Tools for instructional designers","authors":"D. Russell, R. Burton, Daniel S. Jordan, Anne-Marie S. Jensen, R. Rogers, Jonathan Cohen","doi":"10.1080/14626269009409082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14626269009409082","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract IDE, the Instructional Design Environment, is a computer system to assist in creating instruction materials. Instructional design and development is a complex information management task for which IDE provides a hypermedia-based representation environment. In this environment, all of the information used for designing and developing a course can be represented and manipulated. IDE provides tools and structures that automate many of the routine tasks arising during course development. These tools simplify the development task, and result in the creation of more consistent instruction.","PeriodicalId":334979,"journal":{"name":"Intell. Tutoring Media","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128009159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An epistemological approach to intelligent tutoring systems","authors":"A. Boder, D. Cavallo","doi":"10.1080/14626269009409084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14626269009409084","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We advocate a new approach to building Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) based upon the concept of familiar schemes. We describe the pedagogical shortcomings of approaches that do not sufficiently take into account the structures that learners bring to bear in new learning situations. By determining the nature of the schemes of the individual learner, and then attempting to provide the types of problems, analogies, and explanations that will best fit with that individual, an ITS can best assist a learner in developing the heuristics and ‘administrative skills’ to solve non-trivial problems. We describe the components of a system built according to these goals, and discuss its advantages and shortcomings.","PeriodicalId":334979,"journal":{"name":"Intell. Tutoring Media","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131894576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The evaluation of an intelligent tutoring system","authors":"H. Nwana","doi":"10.1080/14626269009408269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14626269009408269","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Numerous intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) have been developed to date. However, one aspect of their development which is consistently ignored, judging from the literature, is the crucial activity of evaluation. It is also ironical that researchers generally agree that the benefits of this activity could be far-reaching. ITSs are often described to some degree of detail but an appraisal as to their (potential) usefulness is seldom given. The relative novelty of doing this was the main motivation for this paper, which starts by attempting to shed some light on why evaluation has become such a taboo activity, not only in intelligent tutoring, but in artificial intelligence (AI) research in general. It then overviews a tutor, the fractions intelligent tutoring system (FITS), and reports on how it was appraised. The approaches used are neither ideal nor generally accepted, but may well provide an adequate starting point in the belief that an attempt at an honest evaluation of any sort is better tha...","PeriodicalId":334979,"journal":{"name":"Intell. Tutoring Media","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133360733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Function Machines","authors":"W. Feurzeig","doi":"10.1080/14626269309408323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14626269309408323","url":null,"abstract":"Function Machines is a visual environment expressly designed to support the learning and teaching of mathematical modeling. The Function Machines language employs 2D visual representations—graphic icons—in contrast with the symbolic textual expressions used for representing mathematical structures in standard programming languages. Function Machines supports learners in a rich variety of mathematical investigations. Its visual representations significantly aid students’ understanding of function, iteration, recursion, and other key computational concepts. It is especially valuable for developing mathematical models. To understand a model, students need to see the model’s inner workings as it runs. At the same time, they need to see the model’s external behavior—the outputs generated by its operation. Function Machines supports both kinds of visualization. The use of these duallinked visualizations has unique and valuable learning benefits.","PeriodicalId":334979,"journal":{"name":"Intell. Tutoring Media","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130853519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Benefits and costs of computer conferencing in adult education","authors":"R. Thomas","doi":"10.1080/14626269009409090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14626269009409090","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The fall in the cost of computers and communication equipment in the 1980s makes the use of computer conferencing for adult education increasingly practicable in the 1990s. Open University experience demonstrates the practicality and potential value of the use of computer conferencing, and indicates how conferencing could be used to reduce production costs in mass distance education courses. The experience suggests that conferencing can be more cost effective than face-to-face methods for teaching adults in any type of institution, and that it may he best suited to the teaching of subjects in social sciences and the humanities.","PeriodicalId":334979,"journal":{"name":"Intell. Tutoring Media","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123711904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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