East African Journal of Sciences最新文献_第5页

Supplementation of Graded Levels of Wheat Bran to Intact and Castrated Afar Sheep Fed Urea Treated Tef Straw: Effects on Feed Intake, Digestibility, Body Weight and Carcass Characteristics 饲喂尿素处理过的Tef秸秆的完整和去势阿法尔羊添加分级水平麦麸:对采食量、消化率、体重和胴体特性的影响

East African Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2009-06-01 DOI: 10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42783

A. Estifanos, S. Melaku

引用次数: 22

Intake, Digestibility, Body Weight and Carcass Characteristics of Tigray Sheep Fed Tef Straw Supplemented with Sesame Seed Meal or Wheat Bran and their Mixtures 饲粮中添加芝麻粕或麦麸及其混合物对提格雷羊采食量、消化率、体重和胴体特性的影响

East African Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2009-05-19 DOI: 10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42784

Zemicael Gebreslassie, S. Melaku

{"title":"Intake, Digestibility, Body Weight and Carcass Characteristics of Tigray Sheep Fed Tef Straw Supplemented with Sesame Seed Meal or Wheat Bran and their Mixtures","authors":"Zemicael Gebreslassie, S. Melaku","doi":"10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42784","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted over 90 days feeding and 7 days digestibility trials at Enda Selassie ATVET College to assess the effect of supplementation on feed utilization and carcass characteristics in tef (Eragrostis tef) straw based feeding of Tigray rams. The rams were arranged in a randomized complete block design divided into five blocks based on initial BW. The treatments comprised of ad libitum tef straw (control, T1) and daily supplementation with 300 g dry matter (DM) sole sesame (Sesame indicum) seed meal (SSM, T2), 0.65SSM:0.35 wheat bran (WB, T3), 0.35SSM:0.65WB (T4) and sole WB (T5). Tef straw used in the study contained low (30.6 g kg -1 DM) crude protein (CP) and high (825.8 g kg -1 DM) neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contrary to the supplement feeds. Total daily DM intake and DM intake as a percentage of BW were higher (P T3 > T4 > T5 > T1. Daily BW gain was negative and lower (P ones (50-71.1 g day-1). Out of all supplemented treatments, T5 was lower (P was higher (P Keywords: Tigray Sheep; Body Weight; Carcass; Intake; Sesame Seed Meal; Tef Straw; Wheat Bran","PeriodicalId":33393,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"37-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42784","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70512909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Registration of Urjii, Field Pea Variety for Bale Highlands, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚贝尔高地的大田豌豆品种Urjii的注册

East African Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2009-05-19 DOI: 10.4314/eajsci.v3i1.42797

T. Tadesse, E. Fikru

引用次数: 1

Registration of Guta Barley (Hordeium vulgare L.) Variety for Bale Highlands 大麦(Hordeium vulgare L.)登记贝尔高地的品种

East African Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2009-05-19 DOI: 10.4314/eajsci.v3i1.42796

A. Tilahun, Z. Jalata, A. Biftu

{"title":"Registration of Guta Barley (Hordeium vulgare L.) Variety for Bale Highlands","authors":"A. Tilahun, Z. Jalata, A. Biftu","doi":"10.4314/eajsci.v3i1.42796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/eajsci.v3i1.42796","url":null,"abstract":"Guta is a common name for this barley ( Hordeium vulgare L.) variety with a pedigree designation of Acc.3260-18. The variety has been developed and released by Sinana agricultural research center for commercial production in the highlands of Bale. It has been tested at Sinana, Agarfa, Robe and Adaba major barley growing areas during 2003-2005 years and showed better performances in grain yield over local variety, Aruso and standard variety, Shage. Thus, the variety has shown high mean grain yield and relatively stable across locations and years. It also showed comparable responses to net blotch, scald and barley leaf rust diseases as compared to Aruso, but it appears that Guta was less resistant to these barley diseases as compared to Shage may be due to its earliness. On the other hand, as observed during evaluation Guta possess resistance or tolerance to barley shoot fly insect than Shage; and exhibit compensatory growth after shootfly damage and these needs further research. The early maturing characteristics of the variety suits to the different cropping systems in the area and give better adoption potential by the local farmers. Keywords: Guta; Barley ( Hordeium vulgare L); Yield Performance; Early Maturity","PeriodicalId":33393,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"108-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/eajsci.v3i1.42796","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70513103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Correlation and Path Analysis in Shallot (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum Baker.) Genotypes 葱(Allium cepa var. ascalonicum Baker.)的相关及通径分析基因型

East African Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2009-05-19 DOI: 10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42787

F. Sendek, H. Tefera, W. Kebede, Tsadik

{"title":"Correlation and Path Analysis in Shallot (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum Baker.) Genotypes","authors":"F. Sendek, H. Tefera, W. Kebede, Tsadik","doi":"10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42787","url":null,"abstract":"Field experiments were conducted on forty nine shallot genotypes to study the nature of correlations between bulb yield and other related characters at Sirinka and Girana in northeastern Ethiopia. Observations were made on ten plant samples for data analysis. At Girana, total bulb yield per plant showed high and positive phenotypic and genotypic correlations with plant height, leaf number, leaf diameter, bulb splits, marketable yield, biological yield and bulb dry weight. At Sirinka, the same trend was observed at genotypic level while, at phenotypic level, bulb yield correlated positively and significantly with plant height, lateral branches, bulb splits, bulb diameter marketable yield, biological yield and bulb dry weight. At both locations, biological yield, harvest index, marketable yield, bulb splits, pungency, laterals branches, bulb dry weight and bulb diameter exerted a positive direct effect on bulb yield at phenotypic level. At genotypic level, biological yield, bulb splits, harvest index, plant height, leaf diameter, marketable yield and pungency showed a positive direct effect on bulb yield per plant at Grana. The same trend at genotypic level was observed at Sirinka. The correlation of leaf number, plant height and leaf diameter with bulb yield and their positive indirect effects on bulb yield via their contribution to biological yield indicated that they could be considered as useful traits for selection in a breeding program of shallot for bulb yield.","PeriodicalId":33393,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"55-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42787","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70512954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Land Use/Cover Changes between 1966 and 1996 in Chirokella Micro-watershed, Southeastern Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚东南部Chirokella小流域1966 - 1996年土地利用/覆被变化

East African Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42778

Mohammed A. Assen, T. Nigussie

{"title":"Land Use/Cover Changes between 1966 and 1996 in Chirokella Micro-watershed, Southeastern Ethiopia","authors":"Mohammed A. Assen, T. Nigussie","doi":"10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42778","url":null,"abstract":"Two periods of panchromatic aerial photographs taken in 1966 and 1996 were analyzed to determine spatial and temporal land cover changes occurring in Chirokella micro-watershed, Southeastern Ethiopia. The results of the analysis were digitized with Arc View GIS 3.3 software to produce land use/cover maps for 1966 and 1996. Five land use/cover categories, namely dense forest, moderately disturbed forest, bush, degraded and cultivated and settlement were identified. The result indicated an increase in an area of cultivated and settlement, bush and degraded and a decline in forest land cover categories over the 30 year period. The dense forest land cover decreased by over 80%, giving an average decreasing rate of 32 ha (-2.9%) per year. The moderately disturbed forest land was completely transformed to other land cover systems between 1966 and 1996. Cultivated and settlement land increased by 62.8%, giving an annual average expansion rate of 33.3 ha (+2.1%) over the analysis period. Bush and degraded land cover categories showed increasing patterns of 49.9% and 100%, respectively. Transformation of forest land cover to others could explain an increasing demand for more arable and settlement land and timber resources associated with a population increase and a decline in land productivity due to degradation. This expansion largely took place onto steeper and upper slope positions, which resulted in increasing the area prone to land degradation, and further implicates adapting of more forest to cultivated and settlement land use/cover categories. Thus, it seems that, in the micro-watershed land, cover changes resulted from combinations","PeriodicalId":33393,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42778","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70512845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Biomass and Nutrient Accumulation of Green Manuring Legumes Terminated at Different Growth Stages 不同生育阶段终止绿肥豆科植物生物量和养分积累

East African Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42782

T. Hirpa, H. Gebrekidan, K. Tesfaye, Asfaw Hailemariam

{"title":"Biomass and Nutrient Accumulation of Green Manuring Legumes Terminated at Different Growth Stages","authors":"T. Hirpa, H. Gebrekidan, K. Tesfaye, Asfaw Hailemariam","doi":"10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42782","url":null,"abstract":"A field study was conducted at the experimental site of the Assosa Research Center, western Ethiopia, with the objective of generating information about the biomass and nutrient accumulation of four green manuring (GM) legume crops at different growth stages. Accordingly, factorial combinations of four legume crops [cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata ), soybean ( Glycine max ), and two common bean verities (Black Dessie and Awash Melka) ( Phaseolus vulgaris )] and three growth stages of termination (mid-vegetative, mid-flowering and pod-setting) treatments laid in a randomized complete block design were used. Significant species by growth stage treatment interaction (P in Awash Melka variety were observed with a delay in termination times. In addition to the species variability in total DM production, highly significant effect of growth stage at termination was also observed, and a rise in overall DM production was recorded with the development of GM crops. Cowpea recorded the highest per plant number (5.8) and fresh mass of total (0.4 gm) and effective (0.21 gm) nodules compared to the rest, particularly at the mid-flowering stage of growth. According to the results of this study, nutrient (particularly N and K) concentrations of shoot tissue showed a declining trend with increasing plant age. After considering the species and growth stage effects on the nutritional input or contribution of GM, it was discovered that cowpea and midflowering stage of growth outweighed the rest. Keywords : Concentration; Nodules; Dry Matter; Input","PeriodicalId":33393,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"18-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42782","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70512862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Combining Ability Analysis for Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) 小麦配合力分析(Triticum Aestivum L.)

East African Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42792

Habtamu Seboka, A. Ayana, H. Zelleke

{"title":"Combining Ability Analysis for Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)","authors":"Habtamu Seboka, A. Ayana, H. Zelleke","doi":"10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42792","url":null,"abstract":"Choice of promising genotypes from a diverse genetic base and subsequent utilization for hybridization is one of the strategies for improving productivity of bread wheat. The data from eight parents and their F1 progenies of half-diallel crosses were analyzed for combining ability for yield and yield related traits in triplicate randomized complete block design in 2005 at Sinana, south-east Ethiopia. Significant differences among all the genotypes were apparent for all traits, except for biomass per plant. Both GCA and SCA mean squares revealed significant differences in plant height, harvest index, grain yield per plant, 1000-kernel weight and maturity traits, indicating the important of both additive and non-additive gene actions in the inheritance of these traits with the predominant effect of non-additive gene action. For the remaining traits, only mean square due to GCA showed significant variation, indicating the greater importance of additive gene action in controlling the inheritance of these characters. Abola gave highly significant GCA effects in the desirable direction and was the best general combiner for most of the traits, followed by Galema and Sofumer, while Dashen was the only parent which showed significant positive GCA effect for grain yield per plant. Cross combinations of Dashen x Galema, Abola x Dure, Dashen x Meda-Welabu, Abola x Galema, and Galema x Dure, exhibited significant SCA effects in the desired direction for at least two and, at most, for four traits, for which SCA variance showed significant differences. Hence, these crosses revealed possibility for commercial exploitation of heterosis as well as selection of potential homozygous lines from transgressive segregants for improvement of yield levels of bread wheat. Keywords: Combining Ability; Diallel Cross; GCA; SCA; Triticum aestivum","PeriodicalId":33393,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"87-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42792","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70513048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Effect of Bacillus thuringiensis, Neem, and Karate on Diamondback Moth (Plutella xylostella L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Damage on Cabbage in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia 苏云金芽孢杆菌、印楝和空手道对埃塞俄比亚中部裂谷白菜小菜蛾危害的影响

East African Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42794

Lidet Sitotaw, G. Ayalew, T. Tefera

{"title":"Effect of Bacillus thuringiensis, Neem, and Karate on Diamondback Moth (Plutella xylostella L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Damage on Cabbage in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia","authors":"Lidet Sitotaw, G. Ayalew, T. Tefera","doi":"10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42794","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of two serotypes of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), namely, kurstaki and aizawai, which are referred to as Dipel and Xen Tari by their trade name, respectively, neem seed water extract at the rate of 25 g (Neem 25) and 50 g (Neem 50) per liter of water, neem oil (Nimbecidine) and Karate (λ-cyhalothrin) were tested on diamondback moth (DBM) ( Plutella xylostella ) at two major cabbage growing areas, Melkassa and Wonji for two seasons, October 2005 to January 2006 and March 2006 to July 2006. Dipel, Xen Tari, Neem 25 and Neem 50 were effective in controlling DBM at both locations. As a result, the yield of cabbage improved; for instance at Wonji, marketable yield ranged from 33.4 to 35.1 ton ha-1, for Neem 25, Neem 50, Xen Tari and Dipel treatments; while marketable yield ranged from 19.7 to 22.5 ton ha-1 for Karate and Nimbecidine. This finding indicates that the use of Bt and neem seed extract should be considered in an integrated management strategy for the diamond backmoth. Keywords : Bacillus thuringiensis; Brassica oleracea; Plutella xylostella; Azadirachta indica","PeriodicalId":33393,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"102-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42794","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70513091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Effects of Crop Rotation and N-P Fertilizer Rate on Grain Yield and Related Characteristics of Maize and Soil Fertility at Bako, Western Oromia, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚西部奥罗米亚州巴科地区轮作和氮磷肥用量对玉米产量及相关性状和土壤肥力的影响

East African Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42789

T. Abera, D. Feyisa, D. Friesen

{"title":"Effects of Crop Rotation and N-P Fertilizer Rate on Grain Yield and Related Characteristics of Maize and Soil Fertility at Bako, Western Oromia, Ethiopia","authors":"T. Abera, D. Feyisa, D. Friesen","doi":"10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42789","url":null,"abstract":"A trial was conducted to determine the effects of crop rotation with N-P rates on grain yield of maize and soil fertility in Bako over a period of five years. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement with rotation crops (Niger seed, haricot bean and tef) as main factor and two levels of NP fertilizers ( half recommended (55/23 kg N-P2O5 ha-1 and recommended (110/46 kg N-P2O5 ha-1) rate as sub factor and continuous maize with three replications. Higher mean grain yield of maize was recorded from maize following rotation crops with recommended rate of fertilizer compared to continuous maize. Maize following rotation crops gave mean grain yield advantage of 640 to 830 and 1921 to 1968 kg ha-1 compared to continuous maize at half and full recommended N-P fertilizer rate. Maize following Niger seed produced mean grain yield advantage of 971 and 1527 kg ha-1 compared to haricot bean and tef. Primary nutrient (N, P and K) composition of the tissue and grain of maize were significantly higher with maize following rotation crop compared to continuous maize, indicting the enhancement of the nutrient use efficiency of maize following rotation crops. Crop rotation with fertilizer amendment improved the pH of the soil. Crop rotation and N-P amendment enabled maize yields and soil fertility to be maintained at a higher level. Multiple advantages accrue from the use of crop rotation. Higher grain yield and high net return of maize were realized following Niger seed, haricot bean and tef compared to continuous maize. Maize following Niger seed followed by haricot bean with the recommended rate of fertilizer is a better management option for sustainable maize production in Western Oromia. Keywords: Crop Rotation; Niger Seed; N-P Rate","PeriodicalId":33393,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"70-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/EAJSCI.V3I1.42789","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70513000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23