The Bukak History Academy最新文献

{"title":"Trends in Criminal Law and Changes in the Death Penalty in the Early Korean-Japanese Period","authors":"Byung-moo Jeon","doi":"10.37288/bukak.2024.19.6.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37288/bukak.2024.19.6.199","url":null,"abstract":"Modern Korea implemented the Gab‘o Reform(甲午更張) and unified the type of death penalty by hanging in 1895. The beheading and Neungji execution sentences that had been implemented since the late Joseon Dynasty were abolished. The government of Korean Empire revived the beheading in 1900 through civil rights movements and political upheaval. In addition, the death penalty was strengthened by expanding the death penalty for thieves. \u0000The Government of Korean Empire promulgated the Penal Code(『Hyeonbeob Daejeon(刑法大全)』 in 1905. At this time, the beheading was abolished and the hanging was unified again. This criminal law was too specific and peripheral for death penalty crimes, and the statutory sentence was defined as the death penalty, so judges could not sentence them in consideration of the norm of the crime. From the Gab’o Reform (1895) to the Korean Empire (1909), the number of executions totaled 1,189, with 17 beheading and 1,172 hanging. \u0000The Japanese Empire colonized Korea and maintained this criminal law until 1912. The purpose was to punish Koreans who strongly resisted the invasion of Japanese imperialism.","PeriodicalId":333263,"journal":{"name":"The Bukak History Academy","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on the Royal Marriage in relation to the Political Situation from King Hyeonjong to the Early King Sukjong of the Joseon Dynasty","authors":"Chae-yong Shin","doi":"10.37288/bukak.2024.19.4.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37288/bukak.2024.19.4.129","url":null,"abstract":"In the 17th century, the Joseon Dynasty was a period when “Sarim Politics” was implemented in which “Rustic literati[Sanlim]” check the royal authority by using academic standards. In particular, in the year of King Hyeon Jong, the political influence of the mountain party, such as Song Si yeol, after Gihae Ye-song, became stronger than that of the previous King Hyo jong, and the same Westerner, Handang, maternal relatives, and a few other men who sympathized with it united as a force to protect the royal authority. Moreover, King Hyeon jong was the only son of Hyojong. It was also during King Hyeon jong's year that the number of royal figures showed a significant decline from the previous period. Therefore, the spouses of King Hyeon jong's children were politically children of figures who followed Song Si-yeol, but the chosen figures had a relationship with Queen Hyojong's Inseon and Queen Myeongseong, compared to that of the time. It seems that King Hyeon jong and Queen Myeongseong sought to expand the royal power through their children's spouse's house, and later fostered them as a force to protect the royal authority","PeriodicalId":333263,"journal":{"name":"The Bukak History Academy","volume":"23 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139590780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ben C. Lyhm’s Independence Movement in America","authors":"Do-hyung Kim","doi":"10.37288/bukak.2024.19.7.235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37288/bukak.2024.19.7.235","url":null,"abstract":"Ben C. Lyhm(Lyhm Beng Chik) studied in the United States in 1913 and returned home in 1949. Ben C. Lyhm's life met Syngman Rhee for the first time at the YMCA in Seoul, and he met him and went to the United States to study. In addition, after the Korean people declared independence in March 1919, Ben C. Lyhm followed Syngman Rhee in the Korean Commission to America and Europe for the Republic of Korea. Ben C. Lyhm went to Shanghai, China, with Syngman Rhee in December 1920, and assisted Syngman Rhee until the Korean Provisional Government issued an order to abolish the the Korean Commission to America and Europe in March 1925. \u0000And in December 1941, when the Japanese provoked war against the United States, Ben C. Lyhm went to Washington D.C. to help Syngman Rhee at the Korean Commission and conducted diplomatic activities with the United States. In September 1942, Syngman Rhee, chairman of the Korean Commission, appointed Ben C. Lyhm as a military attache and dispatched him to Los Angeles. As Lim performed his duties as a colonel for external activities, Americans called him ‘Colonel Ben’. \u0000Ben C. Lyhm supported Syngman Rhee from 1919 to the post-liberation and worked together in the independence movement. In fact, Ben C. Lyhm’s independence movement is a shadow of Rhee Syngman's independence movement because he was always with Ben C. Lyhm in the United States. Ben C. Lyhm can see his sincerity in doing his best in everything with the belief that his activities contribute to the independence of the nation. Ben C. Lyhm participated in the independence movement as Syngman Rhee's secretary after the March 1st Movement and spent his entire life in the Syngman Rhee government, serving as the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Ambassador to the United Nations.","PeriodicalId":333263,"journal":{"name":"The Bukak History Academy","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139590978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the late Silla to the Goryeo Dynasty Stone Pagoda characteristic and Significance in Cheongyang region","authors":"Seo-hyun Lee","doi":"10.37288/bukak.2024.19.3.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37288/bukak.2024.19.3.89","url":null,"abstract":"Buddhist stone art in the Cheongyang region remains in relatively diverse types, including stone pedestals, stone pagodas, stone Buddhas, and stone lanterns. It is presumed that the stone pedestal at Janggoksa Temple was created in the late Silla Dynasty, the earliest period, and most other stone art was created during the Goryeo Dynasty. \u0000The art historical significance of Buddhist stone art in the Cheongyang region was examined in two major ways. First, the traditional style of Unified Silla is strongly reflected. The stone pedestal of Janggoksa Temple inherits the style of the square three-tiered Buddha statue pedestal of Silla, while showing new changes and inventions. In particular, it is significant in the history of Korean Buddhist art in that it is the only type of Buddhist pedestal that has a roof structure with pillars. The stone standing Buddha triad in Eupnae-ri, Cheongyang, also attracts attention as it strongly reflects the traditional style of the Unified Silla. The Chungcheongnam-do region is a place where temples were built by the royal family from the early days of the founding of the Goryeo Dynasty and stone art with a unique aesthetic of Goryeo, known as the Goryeo New Style, was created. This is significant in that it is almost the only one in the Chungcheongnam-do region, where Goryeo Silla Buddha statues were prevalent, that strongly follows the traditional style of Unified Silla. \u0000Next, due to the geographical characteristic of Cheongyang being located in the center of Chungcheongnam-do, the influence relationship between the surrounding area and the stone pagoda style was identified. Lastly, it was confirmed that Chilgapsan Mountain is the center of Buddhist art in the Cheongyang region, as temples and Buddhist art, such as Janggoksa Temple, Dorimsaji Temple, and Jeonghyesa Temple, are concentrated in Chilgapsan Mountain.","PeriodicalId":333263,"journal":{"name":"The Bukak History Academy","volume":"34 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diplomacy between Silla and Japan in the 9th century seen through the diplomatic document of Silla Jipsa-seong","authors":"lee-ok Cho","doi":"10.37288/bukak.2024.19.2.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37288/bukak.2024.19.2.63","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is aimed at approaching the diplomatic relations between Silla and Japan in the 9th century and the realities based on the general understanding of the diplomatic document of ‘Silla Jipsa-seong.’ The diplomatic document of ‘Silla Jipsa-seong’ was sent to Dajokan. As this document not only reflects the circumstances of the time, but also reflects the diplomatic issues which were developing around Japan’s diplomatic mission to Tang Dynasty and diplomatic status intended by Silla, it is a valuable data for explaining diplomatic relations between Silla and Japan. \u0000In short, according to the document of ‘Silla Jipsa-seong,’ Japan tried to enforce a diplomatic tool called ‘Gaoyu’ based on Sinocentrism in the process of diplomatic negotiations developing around the dispatch of the diplomatic mission, while Silla was aimed at the restoration of relationship as equal neighbors following the precedent of ‘resumption of diplomatic relations’ during the King Aejang era. Most of all, the gap in diplomatic perceptions between the two countries at the time worked as a significant obstacle to friendly relations between the two countries.","PeriodicalId":333263,"journal":{"name":"The Bukak History Academy","volume":"37 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The major prestigious family’s trend in jeonju region in 18th centry","authors":"Kyung-teak Oh","doi":"10.37288/bukak.2024.19.5.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37288/bukak.2024.19.5.157","url":null,"abstract":"During the Joseon Dynasty, Jeonju was considered important with the founding of Joseon because it was the head of Jeolla－do and the birthplace of the royal family. Accordingly, this study examined the activities of the major prestigious families in the Jeonju region, organized into Jeonju and its jurisdiction, under the Tangpyeong political situation in the 18th century, focusing on their activities to enter politics. \u0000The prestigious family whose prosperity is notable in the 15th century includes the Jeonju Choi, Jeonju Lee, Jeonju You, and Yeosan Song who were natives, and the Munhwa Yoo who were immigrants. In the 16th century, Jeonui Lee, Jinju So, Naju Na, and Dongrae Jeong who moved to this area around the end of the Goryeo Dynasty and the beginning of the Joseon Dynasty emerged as new major prestigious families. In particular, the two prestigious families, the Jeonui Lee, and the Jinju So, produced outstanding talents such as Lee Gye－maeng and the So Se－ryang, So Se－yang brothers contributing to the spread of Sarim in the local community and played the leading role of Honam Sarim’s entry into politics. Even in the 17th century, the Jeonui Lee and Jinju So families were the most active prestigious families in the region, and we can see the Hansan Lee and Jincheon Song families, as the new immigrant prestigious families, joining the ranks of the major prestigious families in the Jeonju region. \u0000In the 18th century, the Joseon Dynasty faced a political situation that was different from before with the emergence of a new political ideology called Tangpyeong politics. After entering politics, members of the prestigious society in this region also acted according to their own political judgments and beliefs. To identify the categories of the major prestigious families in the Jeonju area in the 18th century, investigated the status of civil service examinations for each prestigious family, the listing of people in the 『湖南邑誌』, and the status of Seowon and Sawoo’s ancestral rites to identify 3 native families and 4 immigrants families. It can be summarized into a total of 7 families. Among these 7 families, the argument was developed focusing on the Jeonui Lee families, Jincheonsong families, Dogang Kim families, and Namyang Hong families which can be seen to have entered politics and been active in detail. \u0000Among the prestigious families in the Jeonju region in the 18th century, the particularly noteworthy family is the Jeonui Lee family, which produced as many as seven people who passed the civil service exam. They are descendants of the Changsu, and at the beginning of their careers, they generally served as civil servants. Afterward, they actively participated in making decisions on major political issues, such as serving as Seungji, a myopic position, and as Ijochampan, who oversees personnel affairs. In particular, Moksan Lee Ki－gyeong, a writer of Doam Lee Jae, criticized King Yeongjo's policy of tangpyeong and personnel policy and maintaine","PeriodicalId":333263,"journal":{"name":"The Bukak History Academy","volume":"50 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139590720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of inscribed of People's Names in Cheonjeon－ri Seoseok, Ulju","authors":"Sung-gu Yeo","doi":"10.37288/bukak.2024.19.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37288/bukak.2024.19.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"This article is not the whole of Ulju Cheonjeonri Seoseok, but it is the survey of 22 recorded names written only in the 譯註. It clarified the inscription position, and emphasized the combination of re-reading and inscription. Thus, it was possible to increase the utilization of the inscription. \u0000It will be meaningful as a methodology to refer to in the inscription study of Seo Seok. \u0000It was revealed that Jeobongrang(渚峯郞) and Jeorang(渚郞) are not confirmed in Seoseok at present. In addition, hangsoo and Ahohwarang are not human names, and Daerang(大郞) is changed to Daerang(大朗), hemsun(欽純) is changed to hemchun(欽春), Sanrang(山郞) is changed to Moseonrang(母仙郞), Chungyangrang (沖陽郞) is changed to Japyangrang(沛陽郞), Seonglimrang(聖林郞) is changed to Gwalimjo[聒(?)林助], Beophye(法惠) is changed to Beophyerang(法惠郞), Hyehoon is changed to Kim Hye-hoon(金惠訓). \u0000It is revealed that it is an inscription by examining the association with the surrounding inscription. In addition, the relationship between the Gapininscription(甲寅銘) and the Eulmyo-inscription(乙卯銘) related to the founding of the Heungryunsa was revealed. \u0000In addition, it is said that the Bup-minryang(法民良) and Mun-wangrang(文王 郞) is not a separate inscription but a inscription of King Munmu Kim Bup-min and his brother Kim Mun-wang and expects a bright world.","PeriodicalId":333263,"journal":{"name":"The Bukak History Academy","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Perspective Study on the Korean Immigration in Northeast China","authors":"Zan-he Ren","doi":"10.37288/bukak.2024.19.8.269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37288/bukak.2024.19.8.269","url":null,"abstract":"2022 marks the 70th anniversary of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Region. This means that the history of Korean-Chinese who settled in the country without returning to their homeland after the defeat of Japanese imperialism has been more than half a century. It also means that historical research on Korean-Chinese history has also gone through a long period of time. \u0000Research on Korean-Chinese history began in the 1950s and 1960s after the founding of the People's Republic of China and has been actively developed since the 1980s. In particular, in the late 1990s and early 2000s, the first generation of Korean-Chinese history researchers who were trained through a systematic degree curriculum produced the results of the study continuously. These studies range from each country's policy history toward the Korean- Chinese to economic history, including the formation of Korean-Chinese society, rice farming, land systems, and Japanese invasion history. \u0000Based on these research results, this paper attempted to grasp the intrinsic implications contained in it by presenting data that give a glimpse of China's perception of the Manchurian region, and also looked at the implications of the concept of 'dual nationality', which is used in different meanings in various cases, for each period. The tentative opinion thrown in this paper should be further specified through my research work in the future.","PeriodicalId":333263,"journal":{"name":"The Bukak History Academy","volume":"19 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139590801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Implementation and Characteristics of the Japanese Navy's Korean Mobilization System during the Asia-Pacific War","authors":"Geon Cho","doi":"10.37288/bukak.2023.18.9.325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37288/bukak.2023.18.9.325","url":null,"abstract":"The Japanese Navy has mobilized troops against Koreans since August 1943. The Navy's late push for the mobilization of Korean troops was due to concerns and distrust of Koreans. However, as the war situation worsened and Japanese military resources became scarce, naval mobilization was eventually implemented against Koreans. \u0000Until now, the structure and status of the Japanese Navy's mobilization of Korean troops has been poorly understood due to data limitations. The sketchy accounts of the start of the naval special assistance system in Korea in 1943 and the conscription system in 1944 make it even more difficult to understand the structure of the navy's troop mobilization. This article examines the status of the Japanese Navy's implementation of the Korean Special Support System through institutions and examples, and explains in detail the structure and methods of troop mobilization. \u0000The results show that the Japanese Navy utilized both the volunteer and conscription systems to mobilize the Korean population. Contrary to what is known, the scale of Korean mobilization was greater through volunteers than conscription, as the Japanese navy preferred to train them directly through volunteers in order to secure high-quality troops. Meanwhile, Koreans were initially mobilized as sailors and mechanics, but after 1945, about 50% of the total number of Koreans were mobilized as engineers. This was due to the need to build airfields and underground facilities to prevent American air raids and landings.","PeriodicalId":333263,"journal":{"name":"The Bukak History Academy","volume":"29 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125992051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Current Status and Task of the Silla Military System History","authors":"Seong-yeol Hong","doi":"10.37288/bukak.2023.18.6.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37288/bukak.2023.18.6.199","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews the results of research on the Silla military organization and summarizes future research issues. Silla's military organization can be found in the Bumgunho record of Mugwan section, in the 『Samguksagi(History of the Three Kingdoms)』. Mention of the Silla military organization began in the late Joseon Dynasty. In the late Joseon Dynasty period, the Silla military organization was mentioned in order to organize the military system of the past or to reform the military government and military system. Actual research on the Silla military organization with modern historical research methods was began after the 1900s. The interest in Korean history during this period led to empirical research on historical and geographical aspects, and also for the Silla military organization. After the liberation of Korea in 1945, the study of the Silla military organization intensified. Studies were published that provided an overview of the Silla military organization from an institutional perspective, and studies were also conducted that linked the military organization to the local system. These studies became the basis for later research on military organizations. From the 1970s, research on Silla's military organization became more detailed, with studies focusing on individual military organizations or specific military offices based on the results of previous studies. From the 1990s to the present, researchers have research achievements in military organizations that have been difficult to identify due to very sketchy records, and studies have been published to trace the process of change in military organizations and the operation of military organizations in connection with the Silla defense system. As a result of the constant efforts of researchers in the face of absolute scarcity, both qualitatively and quantitatively research on the Silla military organization has been greatly advanced and accumulated. However, there are still many things that need to be resolved. It is hoped that more research on military organizations will be conducted in the future and much will be revealed about the Silla military organization.","PeriodicalId":333263,"journal":{"name":"The Bukak History Academy","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129830744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}