Annals of Child Neurology最新文献

{"title":"Telemedicine in Developing Countries: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Caregivers of Children with Epilepsy Regarding Telemedicine at the Philippine Children’s Medical Center","authors":"Grael M. Dumallay, L. K. Banta-Banzali","doi":"10.26815/acn.2023.00108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26815/acn.2023.00108","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has prompted the use of telemedicine as an alternative method for providing continuous epilepsy care. This study was conducted to validate and administer a web-based questionnaire to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding telemedicine among caregivers of children with epilepsy at the Philippine Children’s Medical Center (PCMC). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted by a primary investigator from the child neurology section of PCMC between July 2022 and October 2022 and consisted of two phases. In phase 1, content validation and pre-testing of the Filipino version of the questionnaire were conducted with 29 caregivers. Phase 2 involved the web-based administration of the final version of the questionnaire to 89 caregivers. Results: The resulting questionnaire comprised four main sections: demographics, KAP. Regarding caregivers’ knowledge, 70.8% had not heard of telemedicine before participating in teleconsulta-tions at PCMC. However, most participants were able to correctly identify its purposes (86.4%), benefits (87.6%), and barriers (78.7%). All aspects of the caregivers’ attitudes demonstrated positive agreement with the Likert scale of attitudes, with P values of <0.01, which indicated statistical significance. The most common device used was a cellular phone, and most caregivers identified Facebook Messenger, Viber, and Zoom as the most useful platforms. Conclusion: Our study revealed low awareness of the availability of telemedicine services but good knowledge of its purposes, benefits, and barriers. Caregivers exhibited positive attitudes toward telemedicine, with Facebook Messenger identified as the most useful platform.","PeriodicalId":33305,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Child Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42387751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sporadic Hemiplegic Migraine: Hypoperfusion Demonstrated by Susceptibility-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography Perfusion Study","authors":"Yae Kyung Kim, Yoo Jung Lee, Yoon Hee Jo, Young Mi Kim","doi":"10.26815/acn.2023.00178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26815/acn.2023.00178","url":null,"abstract":"Hemiplegic migraine (HM) is a rare subtype of migraine with aura, characterized by the gradual progression of varying degrees of hemiparesis (motor aura) or other neurological deficits. HM has two forms: familial and sporadic. Sporadic HM (SHM) is defined as HM without a family history of similar episodes. Abnormalities in cerebral perfusion have been suggested as a potential cause of encephalopathy and hemiplegia in both SHM and familial HM (FHM).","PeriodicalId":33305,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Child Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42310010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Tizanidine on Spasticity in Pediatric Patients with Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review","authors":"Anna Dominique Py Castro, M. A. A. Valencia","doi":"10.26815/acn.2023.00101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26815/acn.2023.00101","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a permanent, non-progressive disorder of the developing brain. Ti-zanidine is an effective treatment for spastic CP; however, insufficient evidence exists regarding its effect on motor function and side-effect profile. This review explored the effects and safety of tizanidine in treating spasticity among pediatric patients with CP. Methods: Two reviewers conducted a literature search. The Cochrane risk of bias tool and the 14-item National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool were used to evaluate the risk of bias. A systematic review was performed for relevant studies. Results: Five studies were included: three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two observational studies. The control group received a placebo in two RCTs, while baclofen was used in the remaining studies. Tizanidine dosage and duration varied across reports, except for the two observational studies. Excepting one observational study, tizanidine was associated with a greater improvement on the modified Ashworth scale. Pain reduction was also greater with tizanidine treatment compared to the placebo, as evidenced by one RCT. Three studies evaluating gross motor function reported superior results with tizanidine compared to baclofen. Two RCTs indicated similar safety profiles between tizanidine and the placebo. The remaining studies reported a more favorable safety profile for tizanidine than baclofen. Conclusion: The studies examined in this review reported beneficial effects of tizanidine on spasticity, pain, and gross motor function. Tizanidine usage was associated with no serious adverse events, reflecting a better safety profile than baclofen. Nevertheless, high-quality RCTs are recommended to support tizanidine administration in pediatric patients.","PeriodicalId":33305,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Child Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43054143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy in Children with COVID-19 Accompanied by Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome","authors":"Dahlgaard Park, S. Yoon, Dong Hyun Kim, Y. Kwon","doi":"10.26815/acn.2023.00129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26815/acn.2023.00129","url":null,"abstract":"ganglia","PeriodicalId":33305,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Child Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42639223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis of Neuralgic Amyotrophy in an Adolescent Girl Using Magnetic Resonance Neurography: A Case Study","authors":"S. Yang, Y. H. Kim, Kye Hyang Lee","doi":"10.26815/acn.2023.00122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26815/acn.2023.00122","url":null,"abstract":"Neuralgic amyotrophy (NA) is characterized by severe acute pain around the shoulder, followed by upper extremity weakness and muscle atrophy. NA often occurs after triggering events, such as viral or bacterial infection, vaccination, or surgery. Although rare in children, it has been reported in individuals as young as 7 weeks old [1-3]. NA is not well-known among pediatricians and has seldom been reported in the pediatric population.","PeriodicalId":33305,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Child Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43642313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limbic System and Optic Nerve Diffusion Restriction in a Child with Biotinidase Deficiency","authors":"Gvn Pradeep, C. Prasad, J. Saini, Karthik Kulanthaivelu, Sabhan Ahmed","doi":"10.26815/acn.2023.00115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26815/acn.2023.00115","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital biotinidase deficiency (CBD) is a rare, autosomal recessive, reversible metabolic encephalopathy caused by pathogenic variants in the biotinidase ( BTD ) gene (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man 609019). Biotin serves as a cofactor for four carboxylase enzymes (pyruvate carboxylase, propionyl CoA carboxylase, 3-meth-ylcrotonyl CoA carboxylase, and acetyl CoA carboxylase) required for fatty acid synthesis, amino acid metabolism, and gluconeogenesis. A deficiency in biotinidase disrupts biotin recycling and the release of biotin bound to dietary proteins, leading to reduced biotin availability for carboxylase enzymes. This results in energy depletion and metabolic acidosis [1].","PeriodicalId":33305,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Child Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48494566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Status Epilepticus Caused by Intravenous Tramadol","authors":"S. Y. Kim, Young Eun Kim, Kook Won Kim, Sungwon Byun","doi":"10.26815/acn.2023.00052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26815/acn.2023.00052","url":null,"abstract":"Tramadol is a recently developed, centrally acting synthetic analgesic agent. The pharmacological mechanism of tramadol has not yet been fully elucidated, but unlike standard opioid analgesics, tramadol alleviates pain by modulating norepinephrine secretion and inhibiting serotonin reuptake [1]. The potency of tramadol is between 10% and 25% of that of morphine at the μ-opioid receptor, so it is considered a “weak opioid.” For this reason, it is regarded as relatively safe. Tramadol has been commonly used for postoperative pain treatment in children who have mild to moderate pain. The recommended dose for the intravenous (IV) route for children is 2 mg/kg every 4 to 6 hours, which is best for analgesic action with minimal side effects [2]. However, tramadol has some unique properties compared to other standard opioid medications that are attributable to its mechanism of inhibiting monoamine reuptake. Examples of the adverse effects of tramadol include respiratory depression, seizure, tachycardia, hypertension, serotonin syndrome, and manic syndrome [3]. Seizures have been noted as a concerning side effect of tramadol since its market approval in the United States in 1995, based on post-marketing reports to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Between 1997 and 2017, 30,730 tramadol-related cases had been reported to the FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System, and seizures accounted for 7% of the cases [4]. The FDA issued a black-box warning in 2017, banning the use of tramadol in children and adolescents under the age of 12, and in those aged 12 to 18 with underlying diseases, due to its potential to cause serious respiratory side effects and death [5]. Despite the FDA’s warning, tramadol continues to be given, which is worrisome. Here, we present a case of tramadol-induced status epilepticus in a 15-year-old girl with no past history of seizures. A 15-year-old girl (height, 159 cm; weight, 47 kg) presented to the emergency department due to abdominal pain. She had normal developmental milestones and her past medical history was unremarkable. She had undergone laparoscopic left ovarian cystectomy (pathology: functional cyst) 23 days earlier. A clinical examination revealed normal hemodynamic variables, and there was no sign of dehydration, or fever. On physical examination, widespread abdominal tenderness without rebound tenderness was found, while other physical examination and lab test results were normal. Abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) showed paralytic small bowel ileus. She was referred to the gynecology department for conservative management. The patient was given 30 mg of IV ketorolac tromethamine (Trolac, Whanin Pharm Co., Seoul, Korea) and 100 mg of IV tramadol (Tandol, AJU Pharm Co., Seoul, Korea). Since the pain persisted, IV tramadol was","PeriodicalId":33305,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Child Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42165972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-Life Efficacy and Tolerability of Lacosamide in Pediatric Patients Aged 4 Years or Older with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy","authors":"S. Byun, J. Kong, S. Y. Lyu, S. Nam, Young Mi Kim, G. Yeon, Yun-Jin Lee","doi":"10.26815/acn.2023.00073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26815/acn.2023.00073","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adjunctive lacosamide therapy in pediatric patients aged ≥4 years with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE).Methods: Medical records of children aged 4 to 19 years treated with lacosamide as adjunctive therapy for DRE were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups according to their age at the start of lacosamide treatment: group A (aged 4–15 years) and group B (aged 16–19 years). Changes in seizure frequency from baseline, adverse events, and the retention rate were evaluated at each follow-up visit.Results: Sixty-two patients (33 males and 29 females) with a mean age of 11.4 years (range, 4 to 19) were included. The mean duration of follow-up was 20.1±12.9 months. The mean maintenance dose of lacosamide was 6.7±4.8 mg/kg/day. Forty-two patients (67.7%) were responders (≥50% reduction in seizures) with 19.4% (12/62) achieving freedom from seizures. The response rate did not differ significantly between groups A and B (67.6% vs. 68.0%, P=0.795) and was not affected by the concomitant use of sodium channel blockers. Significant independent factors associated with a good response to lacosamide treatment were a shorter duration of epilepsy (P=0.035) and fewer concomitant anti-seizure medications (P=0.002). Mild transient adverse events were observed in 20 patients (32.3%).Conclusion: Lacosamide adjunctive therapy was efficacious and tolerated in children aged ≥4 years with DRE. Early use of lacosamide may be helpful for a good response to drug-resistant seizures.","PeriodicalId":33305,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Child Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42501250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sphenoid Sinus Mucocele Causing Orbital Apex Syndrome, Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia, and Hypopituitarism","authors":"So Eun Park, You Jeong Lee, Yoon Hee Jo, Soo-Han Choi, Young Mi Kim","doi":"10.26815/acn.2023.00080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26815/acn.2023.00080","url":null,"abstract":"Sphenoid sinus mucocele (SSM) is a rare disease, accounting for only 1% to 2% of all paranasal sinus mucoceles [1]. Typically, paranasal sinus mucoceles develop after radiotherapy or in patients with cystic fibrosis; however, some studies have reported SSM with no specific underlying cause other than chronic rhinitis [2]. Although SSM is benign, it tends to expand, leading to severe complications such as optic nerve palsy, ocular motor nerve palsy","PeriodicalId":33305,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Child Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42927712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurofibromatosis Type 1 with Arnold Chiari Type 1 Malformation in A Child","authors":"Hae Young Ro, S. Yoon, Woo Ri Jang, Y. Kwon","doi":"10.26815/acn.2023.00087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26815/acn.2023.00087","url":null,"abstract":"Neurocutaneous disorders primarily affect the central and peripheral nervous systems, as well as the skin, and can ultimately lead to the development of tumors in these organs. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is one of the most common neurocutaneous syndromes, with a reported incidence of approximately 1 in 2,600 to 1 in 3,000 individuals [1]. It is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder caused by pathogenic variants of the NF1 tumor suppressor gene located on chro-mosome 17q11.2","PeriodicalId":33305,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Child Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42306641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}