Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Biostatistical analysis on incidence of bacteria","authors":"B. Zhao, X. Jiang, J. Cao, K. Huang","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000157","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the incidence of bacteria and their antibiogram profile urine samples collected from students of the Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China. A total of thirty (30) midstream urine samples were collected and bacteria in the samples were isolated using the spread plate method after which biochemical characterization was carried out. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp , Klebsiella species , Salmonella species and Proteus species were the bacterial species isolated after which Kirby-Baurer disc diffusion antimicrobial assay was used to test their sensitivity against various antibiotics, such as Gentamycin, Cotrimozaxole, Ceftriaxone, Amoxyclay, Levofloxacin and Clavatin. From the study, Proteus spp shows zones of inhibition of (7mm for Cotrimozaxole), (5mm for Ceftriaxone), 5mm (for Gentmycin), (5mm), and 4mm (for Amoxyclav). E. coli 6.2 mm (Gentamycin), 3.6 mm (Levofloxacin), and 3.6 mm (Levofloxacin) zones of inhibition respectively . Gentamycin obtained 4.00mm, Levofloxacin 2.00mm and erythromycin 1.00 mm against Pseudomonas spp . Zones of inhibition were only observed on Clavatin (2.1 mm) for Salmonella species, while Klebsiella species was however , resistance to all the antibiotics tested . The highest sensitivity was observed in Cotrimozaxole which obtained a diameter of 7mm for Proteus spp ., while the lowest zone was recorded for Pseudomonas species against Erythromycin with a diameter of 1 mm. This study revealed that most of the isolates were resistant to the antimicrobial agents the implication of antibacterial resistance as shown in the study. This study therefore recommends that proper hygiene should be observed before ingestion of food and water.","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132119826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative studies on squab growth performance and egg morphometrical attributes of different pigeon breeds","authors":"O. Islam, Shameema Khatun, M. Famous, M. Uddin","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000189","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115018039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bull and cow-level prevalence of paratuberculosis in Lidia’s cattle breed from the Azores","authors":"J. Pacheco-Lima, Faria N Silva, L. ValadãoH, Moreira da Silva Jf","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000188","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123208520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyze of elements of the productive chain of fingerlings of rheophilic species: Pilot study in the Amazon region","authors":"N. B. Medeiros, Marcela Cristina Flexa do Amaral, Geciele Santos Cruz, Leandro de Lima Sousa, I. Hamoy, M. Rodrigues","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000187","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126752215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of feeding different levels of protein supplementation on the growth performance of young snails (Archachatina marginata) in the western highlands of Cameroon","authors":"Ngwarh Perpetua Tuncha, A. T. Niba, Ndzi Roger Banla","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000186","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127966578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlations between states of amino acids and hematology or plasma biochemistry in calves within 24 hours after birth","authors":"Akashi N, Azuma K, T. T, Kawamoto H, Amaha T, Yamashita M, Osaki T, Ito N, O. Y, Murahata Y, Imagawa T","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000170","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examined correlations between state of free amino acids and hematological or plasma biochemistry, using blood samples acquired from Japanese- black calves within 24 hours after birth. All of free amino acids demonstrated negative correlations with red blood cell counts, hemoglobins and hematocrits. The most significant positive correlation was recorded between γ -glutamyl transpeptidase and glutamic acid, with a linear regression of y=0.025 x+39.99, where x corresponds to γ -glutamyl transpeptidase and y corresponds to glutamic acid (r=0.88, p<0.001). This suggests glutamic acid concentration may relate to the degree of colostrum intake in Japanese-black newborn calves. transpeptidase; AA: Amino acid; Thr: Threonine; Val: Valine; Met: Methionine; Ile: Isoleucine; Leu: Leucine; Phe: Phenylalanine; Lys: Lysine; His: Histidine; Trp: Tryptophan; Arg: Arginine; EAA: Essential AAs; Asp: Aspartic acid; Ser: Serine; Asn: Asparagine; Glu: Glutamic acid; Gln: Glutamine; Gly: Glycine; Ala: Alanine; Tyr: Tyrosine; Pro: Proline,; Cit: Citrulline; Orn: Ornithine; NEAA: Nonessential AAs; TAA: Total AAs.","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133955922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE): A tool to assess diversity of Mycoplasma species in small ruminants","authors":"G. Macaluso, A. Parco, S. Tumino, L. Galuppo, R. Puleio, N. Raj, G. Loria","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000163","url":null,"abstract":"Mycoplasma diseases of livestock such as contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, contagious caprine pleuropneumonia and contagious agalactia still represent major problems for animal health authorities worldwide. Many significant improvements have been seen as a result of research into these degenerate bacteria, mainly in the area of diagnosis, with the availability of specific, effective new molecular tools to detect small quantities of these pathogens (some of them highly fastidious, unculturable and often in mixed bacterial culture) directly from clinical samples. The objective of the present study was to identify and differentiate Mycoplasma species of sheep, goats and cattle by a new diagnostic test based on PCR of the 16S rRNA gene with specific primers and separation of the PCR product according to primary sequence using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Detection and identification results were compared with the ones obtained by sequence analysis. The development of a PCR DGGE offers advantages of a rapid identification of many Mycoplasma species for which no specific PCR is yet available, enabling the differentiation of animal Mycoplasma species. It represents a significant improvement from conventional culture and serological tests in term of specificity and time to perform. *Correspondence to: Nicholas RAJ, The Oaks, Nutshell Lane, Farnham, Surrey, UK, E-mail: robin.nicholas@btinternet.com Received: August 20, 2019; Accepted: August 28, 2019; Published: August 30, 2019 Introduction Mycoplasmas cause a wide range of disease in both humans and animals and are commonly associated with pneumonia, arthritis, conjunctivitis, infertility and abortion. Mycoplasmas are highly fastidious, typically taking weeks to culture while many serological tests are non-specific and poorly sensitive. More recently PCRs have been used to detect Mycoplasma species, but it is not feasible to develop PCR tests for each species. Consequently, there is a significant need for a single, generic test that can both detect and differentiate Mycoplasmas. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) can theoretically detect single base mutations in DNA [1-3]. Amplicons of the same length but with different nucleotide compositions are separated in a denaturing gradient gel of polyacrylamide, based on their differential denaturation profile. During denaturation, the two strands of a DNA molecule separate or melt at a specific denaturant concentration, and the DNA sequence stops its migration in the gel. PCR DGGE allows the detection and differentiation of mixed and very small amounts of Mycoplasmas showing higher sensitivity than the conventional tests. Using this method McAuliffe et al. [4,5] enabled the differentiation of 67 Mycoplasma species of human and animal origin representing a significant improvement on current tests. Diagnosis of Mycoplasma infection can be made directly from clinical samples in less than 24 h and can even detect new and unculturable","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134355447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Directors of Veterinary Services in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan: Leonard Danels (Director, 16 December 1922-19 June 1924), 1913-1924","authors":"R. T. Wilson","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134439737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biostatistical analysis on chronic disease risk","authors":"Zhao B, Jiang X, Cao J, H. K","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000160","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131683625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological treatment of crop residues as an option for feed improvement in the tropics: A review","authors":"B. Asmare","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000176","url":null,"abstract":"In tropical countries, roughages feeds are the major diets of ruminant animals which are poor in quality. Hence, improving the nutritive value of feeds of such kind is vital for best utilization for ultimate goal of increased animal production. Animal feeds and feeding practices can be changed by biological catalysts such as fungi with the objective to improve nutritive value and to reduce environmental waste. Biological treatment of such crop residues using white rot fungi can break the ligno- cellulose structure, liberating free cellulose and thus enhancing their feeding value. Biologically treated roughages have higher digestibility for most of the nutrients with an increase in crude protein content as compared to untreated material, besides ensuring more fermentable substrates in the rumen. In addition, treatment of low-quality animal feeds with white rot fungi species increases the protein and ash contents with a reduction of its fibrous fraction. Moreover, biological treatment roughages feed increases the feed intake, digestibility and eventually livestock production and reproduction. However, the application of biological treatment of roughages is limited by lack of biological agents such as the typical fungi or its products (enzymes) and knowledge of utilization of such agents. The other setback is reduction of weight of the final substrate after the treatment in which case a dry matter loss of substrate can be as high as 40% in prolonged incubation with the fungus. Moreover, there is lack of know how to use such technology in most of tropical Africa including Ethiopia. This review was then organized to create awareness on utilization of biological treatment as remedy for poor quality of roughages, optimizing mechanisms must be sought.","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"194 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124214280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}