Intermetallics最新文献

{"title":"AlFeCuCrNi high-entropy alloy-derived intermetallics and T6 heat treatment: Influence on microstructure and wear of Al6061 matrix composites","authors":"Amirhosein Ghadimyari,&nbsp;Farshad Akhlaghi","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, AlFeCuCrNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) particles were added in varying volume fractions to aluminum 6061 alloy powder as reinforcement, and composites were fabricated via the powder metallurgy method. Initially, the HEA particles were synthesized by mechanical alloying of equiatomic elemental powders for 20 h. These particles were then mixed with Al 6061 powder in different proportions. After compaction and sintering at 610 °C, the optimized sample underwent T6 heat treatment. During the sintering process at a relatively high temperature, the HEA particles interacted with the aluminum matrix and dissolved, resulting in the formation of various intermetallic phases that acted as the primary strengthening agents in the final composite. The produced samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), hardness testing, and porosity evaluation, and results compared to a reference sample. Furthermore, the specific wear rate and coefficient of friction of the samples were assessed using the pin-on-disk wear test. The sample containing 8 vol% HEA exhibited the best overall performance, showing a 112 % increase in macrohardness, a 95 % reduction in specific wear rate, and a 63 % reduction in the coefficient of friction compared to the reference sample. The effect of solutionizing temperature during heat treatment was also investigated. Results confirmed that a solutionizing temperature of 555 °C for the composite with 8 vol% HEA yielded a 64 % increase in macrohardness and a 38 % decrease in specific wear rate compared to the non-heat-treated composite.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 109126"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of solution heat treatment on microstructures and tensile properties of K447A Ni-based superalloy","authors":"Guangxian Lu ,&nbsp;Tingting Zhao ,&nbsp;Chengjiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhixun Wen ,&nbsp;Zhufeng Yue","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The microstructural evolution and tensile properties of K447A Ni-based superalloy under varying solution heat treatment temperatures (sub-solvus to super-solvus) were systematically investigated through combined experimental characterization (SEM, TEM, EBSD) and crystal plasticity finite element modeling (CPFEM). The increasing of solution temperature (1185–1230 °C) promotes dissolution of primary γ' (γ′_p) while enhancing the volume fraction of cubic secondary γ' (γ′_s) precipitates, thereby improving yield strength. The sample solution-treated near the γ′ solvus temperature (1202–1203 °C), achieved a synergistic improvement of strength and ductility due to tri-modal γ′ distribution (γ′_p + γ′_s + γ′_t) and refined grain boundary carbides. The MC carbides dissolved and decomposed into M₆C carbides during solution. CPFEM simulations further validated that grain boundary carbides enhance stress-strain compatibility, promote intragranular plasticity and pin the slip of grain boundaries, which inhibit intergranular cracking. However, excessive solution temperatures (1230 °C) led to carbide depletion and continuous intergranular crack propagation, which degrades ductility. These findings provide a microstructure-guided framework for optimizing heat treatment regimes in K447A superalloys to achieve tailored strength-ductility synergies for high-temperature applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 109093"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confusion and comment on “First-principle study on structural, elastic and electronic properties of rare-earth intermetallic compounds: TbCu and TbZn” by Singh et al. [Intermetallics 19 (2011) 1359–1366]","authors":"D.S. Yadav","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present report, we comment and discuss on the work previously published by Singh et al. in Intermetallics 19 (2011) 1359–1366. We are confused to their computational analysis for Debye temperature of rare earth Tb(Cu, Zn) intermetallic solids. Regrettably, after reviewing and examining their work deeply, we explored a certain numeric imperfection present in the average sound velocity (V_m) of TbCu by LDA function and Debye temperature of both selected rare earth intermetallics TbCu &amp; TbZn, which are crystallizing in (B2-phase) the body centered cubic CsCl-structure, discussed by Singh et al. (2011) [1]. These numeric perturbations in the results for such parameters of selected rare earth intermeteallic compounds impale us to upgrade them carefully. Therefore, we upgrade the results for Debye temperature of TbCu and TbZn on removing the numerical perturbations present in such aforementioned parameters and re-examined all the data using the appropriate relations, depend upon the structural parameters and the elastic constants (B and G) reported by Singh et al. (2011) [1]. The results for Debye temperature of TbCu and TbZn reported by Singh et al.’s (Singh et al., 2011) [1] show a very large significant deviation (65.095 ≥ δ ≥ 64.148 %) from our investigations. Thus, our rectified outcomes are responsible to recover the accuracy of the results discussed by Singh et al. (2011) [1]. In view to this, scientifically, the publication of this comment in Intermetallics will be very reliable and valuable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 109115"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling thermal evolution and anisotropy in BCC TiVNbMo high entropy alloy via in situ XRD and first-principles simulations","authors":"S.A. Uporov ,&nbsp;V.S. Gaviko ,&nbsp;V.G. Pushin ,&nbsp;L.A. Cherepanova ,&nbsp;E.O. Khazieva ,&nbsp;V.A. Bykov ,&nbsp;N.N. Katkov ,&nbsp;R.E. Ryltsev","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The foundational concept of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) posits that enhanced configurational entropy serves as the dominant factor stabilizing single-phase solid solutions in concentrated metallic systems. However, extensive experimental studies reveal significant contradictions to this paradigm — the presence of multiple constituent elements neither guarantees single-phase formation nor ensures exceptional thermal stability. These alloys, typically synthesized via arc-melting techniques, actually represent metastable high-temperature phases that exhibit instability under varying thermal conditions. Despite their metastable nature, such non-equilibrium crystalline structures demonstrate remarkable functional properties compared to conventional materials, driving substantial interdisciplinary research interest from both fundamental and applied perspectives. Prior to practical implementation, comprehensive thermal characterization across wide temperature ranges becomes essential to evaluate their structural integrity and potential functionality. This investigation systematically examines thermal evolution and crystalline anisotropy effects in the body-centered cubic (BCC) phase of TiVNbMo HEA through complementary approaches: <em>in situ</em> high-temperature X-ray diffraction experiments and advanced first-principles atomistic simulations employing graph neural network-based universal interatomic potentials. Our results demonstrate that the quenched BCC structure remains stable only up to 770 K, beyond which the alloy undergoes successive structural transformations. A particularly significant finding concerns anomalous anisotropic thermal expansion behavior of the BCC phase along different crystallographic axes. This unexpected phenomenon in a cubic system arises from the combined effects of lattice defectivity and pronounced elastic anisotropy, which likely contribute to the material’s thermal instability. Using a semi-quantitative model that combines quasi-harmonic lattice dynamics with anharmonic contributions of higher order, we demonstrate that elastic softness directly enhances thermal expansion along specific crystallographic axes. These observations provide new insights into the fundamental relationships between structural defects, elastic anisotropy, and thermal stability in complex concentrated alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 109092"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145617254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of oriented lamellar microstructure and tensile properties of Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy fabricated by vacuum twin-roll strip casting","authors":"Chengran Chai ,&nbsp;Yang Wang ,&nbsp;Lin Peng ,&nbsp;Shuai Zhao ,&nbsp;Yuanxiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Feng Fang ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>TiAl alloy is a lightweight structural material with excellent high-temperature resistance, demonstrating significant potential for applications within the 600–900 °C range. However, its widespread adoption has been hindered by inadequate room-temperature ductility and a limited thermomechanical processing window. In this work, near net shape vacuum twin-roll strip casting(TRSC) technology was employed to fabricate Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy, offering a novel approach to enhance the workability of TiAl alloys. Benefiting from the directional solidification and sub-rapid solidification characteristics of TRSC, the alloy exhibited strong preferred orientations of (111)γ and (0001)α₂, enhancing its plastic deformation capability. Furthermore, the average lamellar spacing was approximately 285 nm, with lamellar interfaces nearly parallel to the rolling direction (0–10° relative to the RD). The ultra-fine lamellar structure significantly improved the strength of the alloy. Tensile tests revealed that the room temperature strength reached 721 ± 19 MPa. When deformed at 850 °C, the fracture mode transitions from brittle fracture to ductile fracture, resulting in an excellent combination of elongation (31.2 ± 2.2 %) and tensile strength (402 ± 22 MPa). This study provides a promising way to improve the workability of TiAl alloy, which promotes the application of thin-sheet components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 109130"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Separating the effect of athermal and isothermal ω on superelasticity in Ti-24Nb (at.%)","authors":"C.E.P. Talbot ,&nbsp;N.L. Church ,&nbsp;E.M. Hildyard ,&nbsp;L.D. Connor ,&nbsp;S. Michalik ,&nbsp;N.G. Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Superelastic metastable β-Ti alloys, which undergo a stress-induced β → α″ transformation, have attracted significant attention in the biomedical and aerospace sectors. However, difficulty in predicting and controlling their superelastic properties, which is often linked to the ω phase, has prevented industrial uptake. The ω phase exists in two distinct forms, athermal (ω_ath) and isothermal (ω_iso), yet despite their differences the two are often conflated, leading to conflicting statements surrounding their influence. Using <em>in situ</em> synchrotron diffraction, the mechanical response of two initially identical samples of Ti-24Nb (at.%), one cooled to form ω_ath and the other aged to form ω_iso, was evaluated. The ω_ath sample exhibited superelasticity, with the ω_ath consumed by the growing α″ martensite. In contrast, the ω_iso sample showed no evidence of a transformation. These data conclusively show that the ω_ath should not be considered a problem for superelastic alloy development, whilst the evolution of ω_iso is highly detrimental.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 109129"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving higher Curie temperature and magnetic entropy change by minor Co substitution for Fe in a Fe88Pr10Al2 amorphous alloy","authors":"Z.B. Li ,&nbsp;J.M. Yuan ,&nbsp;Q. Wang ,&nbsp;D. Ding ,&nbsp;L. Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>By replacing a small amount of Fe with Co in the Fe₈₈Pr₁₀Al₂ amorphous alloy, we obtained Fe₈₆Co₂Pr₁₀Al₂ amorphous ribbons with excellent magnetocaloric properties near 313 K. The microstructure, glass formability, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of the Co-doped metallic glass were studied and compared to those of the Co-free metallic glass. It was found that the fully amorphous Fe₈₆Co₂Pr₁₀Al₂ ribbon exhibits remarkable magnetocaloric properties, including a Curie temperature (<em>T</em>_<em>c</em>) of 313 K, a notably high magnetic entropy change peak (−<em>ΔS</em>_<em>m</em>^{<em>peak</em>}, ∼4.79 J/(kg × K)) and a refrigerant capacity up to 766 J/kg under 5 T. The mechanism by which the Co substitution affects the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of the Fe₈₈Pr₁₀Al₂ amorphous alloy was investigated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 109125"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-hardening treatment induced multiscale precipitation for enhanced wear resistance in laser-cladded high-entropy alloy coatings","authors":"Bin Wang ,&nbsp;Tengbo Ye ,&nbsp;Hao Liu ,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Shi ,&nbsp;Binxin Dong ,&nbsp;Gang Shen ,&nbsp;Yu Tang ,&nbsp;Yu Fan ,&nbsp;Qiansheng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ni_3x(FeCr)_yCo_(x + y)/2 high-entropy alloy coatings (HEACs) with different elemental ratios (x/y = 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5) were fabricated by laser cladding to investigate the effects of age-hardening treatment on their microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear behavior. The as-prepared coatings consist of brittle Laves phases and ductile γ phases. Increasing the x/y ratio reduces the fraction of Laves phase and improves toughness but decreases microhardness. Age-hardening treatment refines and partially dissolves Laves phases, enriches the γ matrix in Ni, and promotes coherent nanoscale γ′ precipitation, resulting in a multiscale heterogeneous precipitation structure. This significantly enhances microhardness and toughness. In particular, the aged alloy with an x/y ratio of 1.5 exhibits a microhardness as high as 416.91 HV0.3. Tribological tests show that as-prepared coatings undergo combined oxidative and adhesive wear. At low x/y ratios (0.5, 0.75), wear is dominated by brittle delamination, while higher ratios (1.0, 1.5) favor controlled adhesive wear supported by protective oxide films. After age-hardening treatment, wear rates decrease markedly across all compositions, reaching a minimum of 2.32 × 10⁻⁵ mm³/(N·m) at x/y = 1.5, due to improved oxide film protectiveness and synergistic strengthening by γ′ precipitates. This work highlights age-hardening treatment as an effective strategy to optimize HEACs, achieving a superior balance of strength, toughness, and wear resistance for tribological applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 109128"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strain rate sensitivity and dynamic constitutive response of a Zr42Ti15Nb20Ta20Al3 refractory high-entropy alloy","authors":"Zhanxuan Wang ,&nbsp;Heling Zheng ,&nbsp;Mingyang Wang ,&nbsp;Xintian Li ,&nbsp;Xiancheng Li ,&nbsp;Zhengkun Li ,&nbsp;Zhonghua Du ,&nbsp;Lizhi Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study comprehensively characterizes the dynamic mechanical response of the Zr₄₂Ti₁₅Nb₂₀Ta₂₀Al₃(at.%) refractory high-entropy alloy (RHEA) spanning a strain rate spectrum from 0.001 to 5500 s⁻¹. A significant strain-rate hardening effect, where the yield strength surged from 1166 MPa under quasi-static loading to 2017 MPa in the dynamic regime. Microstructural examinations indicate a fundamental shift in the deformation mode: while dislocation slip dominates at lower rates, adiabatic shear bands (ASBs) precipitate failure under high-velocity impact. Based on these empirical findings, the Johnson-Cook constitutive and damage parameters were calibrated. The model was validated through ballistic experiment, and the simulation was in excellent agreement with the experimental observations. These results highlight the potential of this RHEA for next-generation warhead applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 109124"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of microstructural evolution in NiAl-Steel laminate composite after shock wave loading and heat treatment","authors":"A. Yu Malakhov ,&nbsp;S.A. Seropyan ,&nbsp;I.V. Denisov ,&nbsp;I.V. Saikov ,&nbsp;D.V. Shakhray","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper presents a comparative study of two methods for the fabrication of Ni/Al-based metal-intermetallic laminate (MIL) composites within a steel matrix: shock wave loading (SWL) and a combined SWL/heat treatment (HT) method. Initiating the reaction in self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) mode under shock wave loading resulted in the formation of an intermetallic layer (IL) with an average microhardness of 500 HV. This IL exhibited both non-uniform thickness and cracking. The reaction initiated at the sample's end, where conditions conducive to SHS were established, and then propagated towards the top. At the top of the sample, the reaction products were quenched because heat removal exceeded heat generation. The two-step SWL/HT method ensured the formation of a multiphase IL (NiAl, Ni₂Al₃, Ni₃Al) without cracks, but it was accompanied by gas evolution, causing deformation and delamination. The microhardness varied from 370 to 850 HV, with an average of 530 HV. Optimizing the process by removing gases maintained the interface's integrity but resulted in localized transverse cracks. The average microhardness of the IL was 590 HV, with a range of 450–900 HV. The heating rate during HT significantly affected the completeness of the transformation: slow heating (11.5 °C/min) promoted more complete NiAl formation compared to rapid heating (23 °C/min). Recommendations for minimizing defects in each method were developed. The results obtained are of interest for fabricating composites with improved mechanical and thermal properties, which are in demand in the aerospace and energy industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 109097"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145617255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}