{"title":"Fortified Settlements in the Eastern Baltic: From Earlier Research to New Interpretations","authors":"V. Lang","doi":"10.15388/ARCHLIT.2018.19.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/ARCHLIT.2018.19.2","url":null,"abstract":"[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian] \u0000A brief history of research and earlier interpretations of fortified settlements east of the Baltic Sea are provided in the first part of the article. The earlier research has resulted in the identification of the main area of the distribution of fortified settlements, the main chronology in the Late Bronze and Pre-Roman Iron Ages, and their general cultural and economic character. It has been thought that the need for protection – either because of outside danger or social tensions in society – was the main reason for the foundation of fortified sites. The second part of the article adds a new possibility of interpreting the phenomenon of fortified settlements, proceeding from ethnogenesis of the Finnic and Baltic peoples. It is argued that new material culture forms that took shape in the Late Bronze Age – including fortified settlements and find assemblages characteristic of them – derived at least partly from a new population arriving in several waves from the East-European Forest Belt.","PeriodicalId":33149,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Lituana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41922363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Devynios absoliučios datos iš Gedimino kalno tyrimų","authors":"Ramūnas Šmigelskas","doi":"10.15388/ARCHLIT.2018.19.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/ARCHLIT.2018.19.6","url":null,"abstract":"[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba] \u00002016 m. atlikti žvalgomieji archeologiniai tyrimai Vilniaus Aukštutinės pilies rūmų liekanų, dar vadinamų Kunigaikščių rūmais, aplinkoje. Šiuo straipsniu pristatomi 2016 m. tyrimų rezultatai, kurių analizė verčia įdėmiau pažvelgti į medinės pilies Gedimino kalne atsiradimo chronologiją. Straipsnyje glaustai aptariami ankstesni archeologiniai lauko tyrimai Gedimino kalne. Taip pat nagrinėjami ankstesni mokslininkų darbai apie Gedimino kalno apgyvendinimą ir medinės pilies ant Gedimino kalno atsiradimo chronologinės aplinkybės archeologiniais duomenimis. 2016 m. archeologiniai tyrimai nepasižymėjo gausiu radinių kiekiu, tačiau atliktas devynių mėginių 14C datavimas. Pagrindinis šio straipsnio tikslas – publikuoti 2016 m. surinktų mėginių laboratorinio datavimo rezultatus ir, remiantis šių rezultatų statistinio modeliavimo teikiamomis galimybėmis, paskatinti tolesnę akademinę diskusiją dėl medinės pilies atsiradimo ant Gedimino kalno.","PeriodicalId":33149,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Lituana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45475929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hillforts: The Traditions of “Mottes” in the Territory of the Volyn Land in the Lithuanian Period","authors":"S. Panishko","doi":"10.15388/archlit.2018.19.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/archlit.2018.19.10","url":null,"abstract":"[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian] \u0000A group of monuments, specific by their external morphological features, stands out among the late medieval fortifications on the territory of the Volyn land. The abovementioned fortifications have the form of hills (“mottes”) with the upper sites of different sizes. The tradition of constructing such hillforts spread on the territory of Volhynia from the European side. Those hillforts were the first chivalrous castles. Judging by the current level of knowledge about these fortifications on the territory of Volhynia, several groups can be distinguished. Polissia fortifications (Kamin-Kashyrsky, Lyuboml, Vetly), which are the remains of small cities, volost-sotnia centers of the 14th century, are clearly distinguished. The second group includes the fortifications represented by the medium-sized hills in Korshiv and Gorodyshche I, which, apparently, were the castles of the outstanding feudal lords. The third group is represented by the classic examples of the European complexes of “mottes and baileys” in Ratno, Falemychi, Pyatydni, Khotyn, which, apparently, were the courtyards of knights. A peculiar position is occupied by an artificial mound in the middle of the lake (crannog) in Kachyn village. Such fortifications functioning on the territory of Volhynia can be referred to the second half of the 13th to the 16thcenturies. During their existence, the social functions of these constructions could have changed.","PeriodicalId":33149,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Lituana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44756530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Amulets of German Merovingian Aristocracy","authors":"V. Dryakhlov, V. Kulakov","doi":"10.15388/ARCHLIT.2018.19.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/ARCHLIT.2018.19.12","url":null,"abstract":"[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian] \u0000The amulets referred to in this paper were found mainly in the eastern part of the Frankish tribal lands. There, in the Rhineland, Christianity did not hold as much ground in the 6th and 7th centuries as during later periods. Therefore, members of the Frankish aristocracy (a clear indication of the social strata the owners of the jewelry belonged to are the materials, i.e., precious metals, that the pieces were made of) preferred to rely on tried and tested amulets based on the native religious conventions rather than on Christian imagery (e.g., baptismal crosses).","PeriodicalId":33149,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Lituana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45486054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"XVII–XIX amžiaus archeologiniai odos radiniai iš Žiežmarių","authors":"Arūnas Puškorius, Atas Žvirblys","doi":"10.15388/ARCHLIT.2017.18.11688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/ARCHLIT.2017.18.11688","url":null,"abstract":"Straipsnyje analizuojami 2013 ir 2015 m. Žiežmariuose archeologinių kasinėjimų metu surasti odiniai radiniai. Atskleidžiama jų įvairovė, analizuojama dirbinių konstrukcija ir gamybos ypatumai. Lietuvos periferijos miestelių archeologiniuose kultūriniuose sluoksniuose šios rūšies dirbinių retai aptinkama. Jų tyrimai padeda geriau pažinti nuo ekonominių ir politinių centrų nutolusių miestelių kasdienio gyvenimo specifiką. \u0000Reikšminiai žodžiai: odinė avalynė, archeologiniai kasinėjimai, periferija, Žiežmariai, odiniai dirbiniai.","PeriodicalId":33149,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Lituana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48223082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Žvilgsnis į Lietuvos archeologijos paveldo apsaugos ištakas","authors":"Albinas Kuncevičius, Justina Poškienė","doi":"10.15388/ARCHLIT.2017.18.11690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/ARCHLIT.2017.18.11690","url":null,"abstract":"XIX a. pabaigoje Vakarų Europoje susiformuoja pagrindiniai profesionaliosios paveldosaugos elementai: įteisinamas paveldo ekspertų institutas, materialiosios kultūros liekanoms priskiriama vidinė vertė ir įteisinami jų sąrašai, paveldas pasitelkiamas tapatumui formuoti. Straipsnyje siekiama atskleisti profesionaliosios paveldosaugos formavimosi procesus Lietuvai esant Rusijos imperijos sudėtyje. XIX a. pirmoje pusėje Lietuvoje ėmė rastis archeologijos mokslo užuomazgų ir paveldo apsaugos (plačiąja prasme) pastangų, kurios XIX a. viduryje Vilniaus senienų muziejaus ir Vilniaus laikinosios archeologijos komisijos veikloje įgavo kai kuriuos profesionaliosios paveldosaugos bruožus. Atskiri paveldo apsaugos sistemos elementai įsitvirtina XIX a. pabaigoje, kai archeologijos objektų apsaugai ir jų tyrimams imta taikyti visoje Rusijos imperijoje galiojusi sistema, tačiau, kitaip nei Vakarų Europoje, bendro paveldo apsaugą įgyvendinančio įstatymo nebuvo priimta. XIX a. pabaigoje–XX pradžioje etninės lietuvybės pagrindu gimstanti lietuvių tauta susitelkė į valstybės kūrimo darbus – tai taip pat nulėmė pavėluotą profesionaliosios paveldo apsaugos sistemos formavimąsi, palyginti su kitomis Europos šalimis. \u0000Reikšminiai žodžiai: archeologija, mokslas, paveldo apsauga, archeologijos istorija","PeriodicalId":33149,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Lituana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43608651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tarp viduramžių archeologijos, paveldo apsaugos ir archeologijos vadybos. Pokalbis su prof. dr. Albinu Kuncevičiumi","authors":"Algimantas Merkevičius","doi":"10.15388/ARCHLIT.2017.18.11692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/ARCHLIT.2017.18.11692","url":null,"abstract":"Šiuo pokalbiu skaitytojus norime detaliau supažindinti su vieno iš žymiausių šių dienų Lietuvos archeologų, Vilniaus universiteto Istorijos fakulteto Archeologijos katedros vedėjo, prof. dr. Albino Kuncevičiaus, kurio 60-ies metų jubiliejų šiemet paminėjome, archeologine veikla. Jubiliejai yra gera proga apžvelgti ir įvertinti nuveiktus darbus bei pamąstyti apie tolesnės veiklos perspektyvas. Šiame pokalbyje aptartos ir kai kurios visai Lietuvos archeologijai svarbios problemos. Reikšminiai žodžiai: viduramžių archeologija, paveldosauga, Vilniaus universitetas, Dubingių piliavietė, Vilniaus žemutinė pilis, archeologijos vadyba","PeriodicalId":33149,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Lituana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48856703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"XVI–XVIII amžiaus artilerijos pabūklai, saugomi Lietuvos muziejuose ir privačioje kolekcijoje","authors":"Liudvikas Vasiliauskas","doi":"10.15388/ARCHLIT.2017.18.11686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/ARCHLIT.2017.18.11686","url":null,"abstract":"Straipsnyje aptariami originalūs XVI–XVIII a. artilerijos pabūklai, saugomi ir eksponuojami Lietuvos muziejuose, taip pat esantieji privačioje kolekcijoje. Pabūklai suskirstyti pagal tipą, laikotarpį ir saugojimo bei eksponavimo vietas. Taip pat pateikiami pabūklų vamzdžių lydinių rentgeno flurescencinės (XRF) cheminių elementų analizės duomenys. Straipsnį papildo minėtų pabūklų katalogas. \u0000Reikšminiai žodžiai: artilerija, kartauna, kolubryna, bombarda, haubica, mortyra, šarnyrinė patranka, lauko patrankos.","PeriodicalId":33149,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Lituana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49354779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Archeologijos katedros mokslinės veiklos apžvalga","authors":"Violeta Vasiliauskienė","doi":"10.15388/ArchLit.2012.0.1198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/ArchLit.2012.0.1198","url":null,"abstract":"[tekstas lietuvių kalba]","PeriodicalId":33149,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Lituana","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41516573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}