{"title":"Micromirror array based optical spatial filter technique for fast and flexible velocimetry","authors":"M. Degner, H. Krüger, H. Ewald","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6860979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6860979","url":null,"abstract":"Spatial filtering technique is an optical method for measurement of the relative velocity between the sensor and the observed surface(s). This technique is well known for tens of years, its benefits are a potentially simple optical setup and low requirements to the data acquisition and analysis. Therefore it is a valuable method for online contactless velocimetry. The classical spatial filtering setup is based on a static grating in the optical detection path with at least one or two photodetectors. Newer developments are using line array or two-dimensional detectors (e.g. CCD or CMOS). Here the grating structure is realized by weighting the pixels in a signal pre-processing. The flexibility of adapting the grating to the application is much higher but the detector speed of the array sensors is much lower than that of the photodetectors in the classical setup. Both properties are important for a spatial filter sensor that can be used in a wide range of application. The novel micromirror array based optical spatial filter design that is presented in this paper combines the advantages of both state of the art systems. It utilizes fast photodetectors in combination with a very precise, flexible and high resolved differential grating that is realized by the micromirror array. The present paper gives a short overview on the spatial measurement technique, explains the micromirror array based sensor approach and shows the proof of concept.","PeriodicalId":331484,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC) Proceedings","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117036875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Muscas, M. Pau, P. Pegoraro, S. Sulis, F. Ponci, A. Monti
{"title":"Two-step procedures for wide-area Distribution System State Estimation","authors":"C. Muscas, M. Pau, P. Pegoraro, S. Sulis, F. Ponci, A. Monti","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6860999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6860999","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the application of multi-area approaches to the state estimation in wide-area distribution systems. The main goal of the paper is to analyze the possibility to accurately estimate the status of a large scale distribution network, relying on a distributed measurement system, in a multi-area framework: to this aim, two-step state estimation procedures are considered. First of all, the network is divided into sub-areas, according to geographical and/or topological constraints. Then, in the first step, for each sub-area, a dedicated estimator is used, exploiting all the measurement devices available on the field. In the second step, data provided by sub-area estimators are processed, using different methods, in order to improve the knowledge on the operating conditions of the network, while keeping the communication “cost” low. Both first and second step can be performed in a decentralized way and with parallel processing, thus leading to reduced overall execution times. Test results, obtained on the 123-bus IEEE test network, are presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":331484,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC) Proceedings","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116385675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Berton, J. H. Galeti, R. Higuti, C. Kitano, E. C. Silva
{"title":"Nano-displacement measurements of a new piezoelectric flextensional actuator by using a high dynamic range interferometry homodyne method","authors":"P. Berton, J. H. Galeti, R. Higuti, C. Kitano, E. C. Silva","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6861002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6861002","url":null,"abstract":"Piezoelectric flextensional actuator (PFA) devices consist in a technology in development, with increasing number of applications in precision mechanics such as nanotechnology equipments, electronic microscopy instruments, cell manipulation systems, microsurgery tools, and lens positioner for laser interferometer to name a few. In turn, optical interferometry is an adequate technique to measure nano/ micro displacements and to characterize these PFAs. An efficient method for optical phase detection is the n-commuted Pernick method (n-CPM), where only a limited number of frequencies in the magnitude spectrum of the photo detected signal are used, without the need to know the phase spectrum. The n-CPM has the advantages of being passive homodyne, direct, self-consistent, and is immune to fading. The dynamic range for optical phase measurements is from 0.2 rad to 100π rad. In this work, by using the n-CPM, a new PFA prototype designed by topology-optimization method is tested in terms of displacement linearity (relative to applied voltage) and frequency response.","PeriodicalId":331484,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC) Proceedings","volume":"200 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123574938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Castello, P. Ferrari, A. Flammini, C. Muscas, P. Pegoraro, S. Rinaldi
{"title":"Improving availability of distributed PMU in electrical substations using wireless redundant process bus","authors":"P. Castello, P. Ferrari, A. Flammini, C. Muscas, P. Pegoraro, S. Rinaldi","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6860744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6860744","url":null,"abstract":"Protection and measurement systems in electrical substations are requested to have high availability. When considering an all-digital substation protection system, all the components and infrastructure devices (instrument transformers, processing units, merging units, intelligent electronic devices, communication network and synchronization source) contribute to the overall availability level. In particular, in this paper the availability of a distributed phasor measurement unit inspired by the standards IEC 61850, is investigated. A cost-effective solution to enhance distributed PMU reliability by means of redundancy using an IEEE 802.11 wireless network is proposed. The process bus has a wireless backup for both time synchronization protocol and sampled values packets carrying measurement information. Results are reported for a wireless network that uses software based timestamping for PTP synchronization.","PeriodicalId":331484,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC) Proceedings","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121997070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martin Santacruz, M. Félix, D. Rosas, Juan Ocampo, Gabriel Luna
{"title":"Test point optimization process for a real-time vibration monitoring system on a differential axle fixed rig","authors":"Martin Santacruz, M. Félix, D. Rosas, Juan Ocampo, Gabriel Luna","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6860963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6860963","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the designation of the test points for optimal results of a fixed-site monitoring system to test a differential axle which is typically used in passenger vehicles. The system integrates an axle, a fixed axle mounting structure, a coupled induction motor, a set of sensors and a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) device, these components in conjunction with the development of virtual instrumentation are arranged to achieve real-time vibration and frequency monitoring of a differential axle under experimental controlled conditions. The execution of the test under this platform has yielded an acceptable performance yet to confirm in future works that could be a way to make mechanical condition diagnosis for the item tested.","PeriodicalId":331484,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC) Proceedings","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123984800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance assessment of the rotational speed measurement system based on a single electrostatic sensor","authors":"Lijuan Wang, Yong Yan, Yonghui Hu, X. Qian","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6860718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6860718","url":null,"abstract":"Rotational speed is a key parameter for condition monitoring and control of rotating devices in many industries. This paper presents a novel measurement technique using a single electrostatic sensor coupled with autocorrelation signal processing algorithms. The characteristics of the electrostatic sensor are analyzed through Finite Element Modeling. Experimentation based performance assessment of the system for the speed measurement of shafts made of different materials, including polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyamide (PA) is reported. Effect of the size of the shaft is observed and quantified. Experimental results obtained on an experimental test rig suggest the measurement system is capable of producing repeatable rotational speed measurement with a maximum error of ±0.5% over the speed range of 600 to 3000 RPM (revolution per minute). The system performs better under the conditions of higher rotational speed and larger rotors.","PeriodicalId":331484,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC) Proceedings","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128575770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Betta, L. Ferrigno, M. Laracca, P. Burrascano, M. Ricci
{"title":"Optimized complex signals for Eddy Current Testing","authors":"G. Betta, L. Ferrigno, M. Laracca, P. Burrascano, M. Ricci","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6860917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6860917","url":null,"abstract":"The choice of optimized excitation devices and strategies is now interesting recent studies about Non Destructive Eddy Current Testing (ND-ECT). Recently, the attention has been paid to the use of complex excitation signals, meant as signals different from the sinusoidal ones and with wide frequency content. In particular, some studies have highlighted their suitability, respect to the sinusoidal one, in supporting the measurement, detection and quantification stages when “difficult cases” are explored (i.e. very short or annealed cracks). Generally, two class of signal have been proposed in literature. They concern with signals that have to be analysed in the time domain and signals analysed in transformed domains. The former class is represented by signal as the pulsed or pseudo-noise, while the latter contains signal as the chirp or multi-frequency as the best candidate. The author have placed their attention to this second class of signal and in this paper they propose an experimental comparison among different realization of these excitation signals suitably designed to improve the quality of experimental data when difficult cases are experienced.","PeriodicalId":331484,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC) Proceedings","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129611581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modular test RF instrumentation and measurement for a hybrid computing digital wideband receiver","authors":"K. George, C. Chen","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6860766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6860766","url":null,"abstract":"There is a growing need for generating multi-tone test signals in specific bandwidth of interest, amplitude range, and modulations schemes for testing modern communication systems. In a traditional testing approach, RF signals from individual signal generators are mixed using a RF power combiner to generate a multi-tone signal. This cumbersome multi-tone RF signal generation for system testing is being improved and there is a growing trend of utilizing modular test equipment with multiple functions including multi-tone signal generation capability. The modular test instruments are typically controlled by a personal computer under the command of a dedicated measurement program. In this paper, we present our experience analyzing the multi-signal performance of a real-time wideband digital receiver that was implemented on a hybrid computing platform. We compare and contrast the traditional and modular test generation and measurement setup.","PeriodicalId":331484,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC) Proceedings","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129831841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Subpicosecond-resolution time-to-digital converter with multi-edge coding in independent coding lines","authors":"R. Szplet, Dominik Sondej, G. Grzeda","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6860842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6860842","url":null,"abstract":"We present the design, implementation and test results of an integrated time-to-digital converter based on a new method with multi-edge coding in independent coding lines. The method allows to achieve high resolution below 1 ps and short conversion time of about 3 ns. When used in an interpolation time counter it provides standard measurement uncertainty below 6 ps. The converter has been implemented in a readily available and cheap programmable device Spartan-6 (Xilinx). Applying a multiple coding for time digitization in independent coding lines let us decrease the number of parallel coding lines needed to obtain the same high resolution by averaging. This leads to significant reduction of required logical resources of programmable device. Additionally, the high rate of conversion (above 1 million conversions per sec.) has been achieved.","PeriodicalId":331484,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC) Proceedings","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127034534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. A. T. Sousa, L. Oliveira, F. Loureiro, A. Lima, H. Neff
{"title":"Evaluating the signal processing chain employed in surface plasmon resonance biosensing","authors":"T. A. T. Sousa, L. Oliveira, F. Loureiro, A. Lima, H. Neff","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6861017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2014.6861017","url":null,"abstract":"The optical biosensor based on the Surface Plasmon Resonance phenomenon is, today, the most accurate and sensible label free biosensor. However, this high sensitivity of the SPR biosensor systems has a side effect: a high sensitivity to noise present all over the system. The ambient temperature, the position of the components, the impurities in the light path, the photo detector instrumentation, are all noise sources that can degrade the information present in the signal. Preprocessing this signal before extracting the interest parameters and even the techniques used to extract these parameters can minimize the degradation effect of the noise. This paper proposes a study to determine the best techniques to be applied that most reduces the noise degradation. A combination of techniques can improve the results or just increase the complexity with no gain in noise elimination. An influence in the techniques sequence has also influenced the result, being necessary to determine the best sequence. Also to tune the technique parameters to the optimal, a miss tuning may preserve noise that can be removed or can eliminate precious information with the noise, degenerating the signal. The paper also aims at determining the best technique combination to be applied in parameter extraction.","PeriodicalId":331484,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC) Proceedings","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127387571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}